50-State Surveys › Month-to-Month Tenancy Termination Notice Requirements by State
Month-to-Month Tenancy Termination Notice Requirements by State
How much notice must a landlord or tenant give to end a month-to-month residential tenancy, when does the termination take effect, and how must the notice be delivered?
51 of 51 jurisdictions verified
every entry statute-checked, oldest 2026-07-15
What this survey covers
Ending a month-to-month rental usually comes down to one number: how many days' written notice must you give, and when does the tenancy actually end? This survey answers that question — for both the landlord and the tenant — state by state, for an ordinary private residential month-to-month tenancy ended with no fault: no missed rent, no lease violation, just one side wanting out.
Each state's page states the rule in plain English, quotes the statute it comes from, and shows the date we last verified the statutory text. It covers STATE law only. Two cautions run through every page. First, enough days is not the same as a lawful reason: a growing minority of states — and many individual cities — bar a landlord from ending a longer-term tenancy without a statutory "just cause," even if the notice gives the right number of days. Second, cities and counties routinely add their own longer notice periods, just-cause rules, or relocation payments on top of the state floor, so a correct state answer can still be incomplete for a particular address.
How to read the table
Each column answers one feature the same way for every state. The two central columns are the landlord's and the tenant's notice periods, which are often the same (30 days each way) but sometimes differ — California, for example, makes a landlord give up to 60 days while a tenant gives 30. A separate column answers when the termination takes effect, because states split sharply on this: in some the end date is simply the counted-out day after you serve the notice, while in others it must land on the last day of a rental period, so a notice served a day late pushes the move-out a whole month. The remaining columns cover what the notice must say, how it must be delivered, what the lease can change, and whether a statewide just-cause law limits a no-cause termination. Click a state for the full plain-English page: the clocks, the day-counting trap, the service rules, and the verbatim statutory text with official source links.
Patterns across the states
The clean part is the reasons: for a true month-to-month tenancy, most states let either side end it for no reason at all, so the survey's real work is the clock and the calendar.
Four structural models for the deadline. States compute the notice and its effective date in noticeably different ways. A large group uses a free-floating clock — the tenancy ends on the counted-out day after notice, and rent runs through that day (California's default 30-day rule under Civ. Code § 1946). A second group ties the end date to the end of a rental period: notice must be given a set number of days "prior to the end of any monthly period," so a late notice rolls to the next month (Florida, Fla. Stat. § 83.57). A third measures the period by the rent interval itself and keys it to receipt before the next period begins (Minnesota, Minn. Stat. § 504B.135: "at least as long as the interval between the time rent is due or three months, whichever is less"). A fourth set counts from the notice rather than a fixed calendar day (the Texas periodic-tenancy model). Which model a state uses is the single most common source of a miscalculated move-out date.
The notice length. Thirty days is the most common figure for both sides, but real variation exists: occupancy-length tiers (California's 60 days for a landlord, dropping to 30 for a tenant of under a year), longer landlord-only clocks in the just-cause states, and the interval-based measure used by a few. The landlord and tenant clocks are symmetric in many states and asymmetric in a notable minority.
The just-cause overlay. In most states a timely no-cause notice needs no reason. But a distinct and growing minority bar a landlord from ending a longer-term tenancy without stating a statutory just cause, and often require relocation help for a no-fault termination: California (Civ. Code § 1946.2), New Jersey, Washington, Oregon, and Colorado run statewide overlays, with partial coverage in Connecticut (older or disabled tenants in larger buildings) and New Hampshire (most residential property is "restricted," leaving no-cause termination only for small owner-occupied housing). The District of Columbia sits at the far end: it allows no no-cause termination at all — a housing provider may recover possession only on an enumerated ground, most requiring 90 to 180 days' notice. These laws also tend to carry sunset or coverage thresholds that change the answer over time; every such cell flags them.
The exemplar, California, sits at the complex end of every axis: an asymmetric landlord/tenant clock (60 days down to 30 by occupancy length, versus 30 for the tenant), a free-floating effective date, a mandatory abandoned-property statement in the landlord's notice, service routed through the eviction-service statute, a lease option to shorten notice to as little as seven days, and a statewide just-cause law layered on top. Most states answer several of these columns far more simply — and each page says so plainly.
Where the survey landed (51 jurisdictions). For a true month-to-month tenancy the majority rule is a symmetric 30-day (or one-calendar-month) notice, either party, no reason required. The real spread is in the calendar and at the two ends of the spectrum. On the calendar: a large group is free-floating (the tenancy ends on the named date, rent prorated to it — California, Montana, and North Dakota's ordinary month-to-month), while a comparable group ties the end date to a rental period or rent-due date, so a late notice rolls a month (Florida, Nebraska, Alaska, and North Dakota's holdover-converted tenancies). Notice length runs from Wyoming — which has no statutory period at all, leaving the lease and common law to govern — up through 30-day states, to Vermont's tiered 60 days (90 for tenants of more than two years) and the District of Columbia's just-cause-only regime with 90-to-180-day grounds. Asymmetry clusters on the landlord side (California, Georgia, Maryland, Colorado, Oregon, Hawaii's 45/28 split, and D.C.'s tenant-only 30-day notice to quit). The lesson for readers is consistent: count the days, confirm whether the end date must hit a rent boundary, and check for a state or local just-cause overlay.
Get this answered for your state
This survey compares every state side by side. Ezel applies your state's law to your specific situation and answers with citations to the statutes.
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| State | Governing law | Landlord's notice period | Tenant's notice period | When termination takes effect | Form and required contents | How notice must be delivered | What the lease can change | Just-cause limits |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Alabama verified 2026-07-15 | The Alabama Uniform Residential Landlord and Tenant Act governs. Ala. Code § 35-9A-441(b) fixes the month-to-month termination notice; § 35-9A-161(d) makes any periodic tenancy without a fixed term month-to-month (week-to-week only for a weekly-paying tenant). Note that § 35-9A-144(e) carves termination notices out of the Act's general notice-delivery rules. Scope here is a no-fault termination; holdover, nonpayment, and lease-breach remedies are outside this survey |
At least 30 days' written notice. 'The landlord or the tenant may terminate a month-to-month tenancy by a written notice given to the other at least 30 days before the periodic rental date specified in the notice' (§ 35-9A-441(b)). There is no occupancy-length tier and no longer landlord-only clock. A week-to-week tenancy instead takes at least seven days (§ 35-9A-441(a)) |
The same — at least 30 days' written notice. Section 35-9A-441(b) applies to 'the landlord or the tenant' alike, so the clock is symmetric: either side gives at least 30 days before the periodic rental date named in the notice |
Tied to a rent date. The 30 days is measured 'before the periodic rental date specified in the notice' (§ 35-9A-441(b)), so — unlike states with a free-floating end date — the termination date must be a periodic rental (rent-due) date, and the notice has to be given at least 30 days before it. A notice given fewer than 30 days before the next rent date pushes the effective end to the following rent date. Rent is 'payable at the beginning of each month' unless otherwise agreed (§ 35-9A-161(c)) |
Written, and it must identify the periodic rental date on which the tenancy ends. Section 35-9A-441(b) requires 'a written notice' and measures the 30 days 'before the periodic rental date specified in the notice,' so naming that end date is a necessary part of the notice. The Act prescribes no other required language for a no-fault month-to-month termination |
The Act gives a termination notice no delivery shortcut. Section 35-9A-144 sets the general rules for giving/receiving notice — including a presumption that a tenant 'receives' notice 'three days after mailing with adequate prepaid postage … to the tenant's last known place of residence' — but § 35-9A-144(e) states that '[n]otice provided in this section does not apply to the notice required to terminate a tenancy or evict a tenant.' So the termination notice must actually be given in writing to the other party; deliver it in a way that establishes the date it was received, and count the 30 days from there |
The rental agreement may set the term and other conditions 'not prohibited by this chapter or other law' (§ 35-9A-161(a)), so the parties can create a fixed-term lease (which ends on its own terms) or a weekly period (7-day notice) rather than a month-to-month. Section 35-9A-441(b) states the 30-day figure for a month-to-month tenancy; treat it as the governing period for that arrangement, and note a lease may require longer notice |
Alabama has no statewide just-cause law. Section 35-9A-441 lets 'the landlord or the tenant' end a month-to-month tenancy by proper written notice for any reason or none; no cause need be stated and no relocation payment is required. If the tenant holds over after termination, the landlord 'may bring an action for possession,' and for a willful, bad-faith holdover may recover up to three months' periodic rent (or actual damages, whichever is greater) plus reasonable attorney's fees (§ 35-9A-441(c)). A city or county may add requirements on top of this state floor |
| Alaska verified 2026-07-16 | AS 34.03.290, the periodic-tenancy section of the Alaska Uniform Residential Landlord and Tenant Act (AS 34.03.010 to 34.03.380). It applies statewide to residential rental agreements. Alaska has no statewide just-cause law. This cell states the state-law floor. (Mobile-home-lot tenancies and subsidized housing follow separate rules.) |
At least 30 days for a month-to-month tenancy. 'The landlord or the tenant may terminate a month to month tenancy by a written notice given to the other at least 30 days before the rental due date specified in the notice' (AS 34.03.290(b)). A week-to-week tenancy takes at least 14 days while rent is current (AS 34.03.290(a)). No reason is required. The end date must be a rental due date, so a notice given fewer than 30 days before the next rental due date takes effect on the following one |
The same 30 days — the clock is symmetric. Section 34.03.290(b) names 'the landlord or the tenant' interchangeably, so a tenant ends a month-to-month tenancy on the same 30 days' written notice a landlord must give (14 days for week-to-week while rent is current, AS 34.03.290(a)). Neither side owes more than the other |
The end date must be a 'rental due date' — the day rent comes due — and the notice must be given 'at least 30 days before' it (AS 34.03.290(b)). So this is not a free-floating 'any day 30 days out' rule: count back 30 days from a rent due date, and if you cannot give a full 30 days before the next rent due date, the termination takes effect on the following rent due date. Pick the rental due date you want to end on and make sure the written notice reaches the other side at least 30 days before it |
Written notice is mandatory — AS 34.03.290 requires 'a written notice' for both week-to-week and month-to-month terminations, so an oral notice does not end the tenancy. The notice must identify the rental due date on which the tenancy will end ('the rental due date specified in the notice'). The statute prescribes no other required language and no stated reason for a no-cause termination |
AS 34.03.290 requires only a 'written notice given to the other' and prescribes no particular method or manner of service for a no-fault periodic-tenancy notice; delivery follows the rental agreement and general law. Because the 30 days run before the chosen rental due date, use a method that proves delivery and its date — personal delivery or certified mail. (A separate 'notice to quit' under AS 09.45.100 to 09.45.105 is a later step, needed only to bring the eviction action against a tenant who holds over — see just-cause limits.) |
The 30-day and 14-day periods are floors — the statute requires 'at least' that much notice (AS 34.03.290(a)-(b)) — so a lease may require longer notice but not less. And the period cannot be signed away: AS 34.03.040(a)(1) bars a rental agreement from providing that the tenant or landlord 'agrees to waive or to forego rights or remedies under this chapter,' any such provision 'is unenforceable' (AS 34.03.040(b)), and a party who wilfully uses a prohibited provision owes the other actual damages |
No statewide just-cause law. A timely, properly given notice ends a month-to-month tenancy for any reason or none (subject to federal and state fair-housing law). Ending the tenancy on paper does not remove the tenant: if the tenant holds over without the landlord's consent, the landlord may — 'after serving a notice to quit to the tenant under AS 09.45.100 - 09.45.105' — 'bring an action for possession,' and 'if the tenant's holdover is wilful and not in good faith the landlord, in addition, may recover an amount not to exceed one and one-half times the actual damages' (AS 34.03.290(c)). The remedy is a court action, not a self-help lockout. Some cities may add local requirements |
| Arizona verified 2026-07-15 | Arizona Residential Landlord and Tenant Act, A.R.S. § 33-1375(B), governs ending a month-to-month tenancy; the parallel week-to-week rule (10 days) is § 33-1375(A). Notice mechanics come from § 33-1313, permitted lease terms from § 33-1314, and unwaivable tenant protections from § 33-1315. Scope here is an ordinary residential month-to-month tenancy ended with no fault; nonpayment and lease-breach terminations run through §§ 33-1368 and follow separate rules |
At least 30 days. The landlord 'may terminate a month-to-month tenancy by a written notice given to the other at least thirty days prior to the periodic rental date specified in the notice' (§ 33-1375(B)). There is no longer landlord-only clock and no occupancy-length tier — 30 days is the figure regardless of how long the tenant has lived there |
At least 30 days — identical to the landlord's. Section 33-1375(B) speaks of 'the landlord or the tenant' together, so the clock is symmetric: a tenant ending a month-to-month tenancy gives the same 30 days' written notice the landlord must give |
The termination date must be a 'periodic rental date' — the day the next rent installment comes due — and the notice must be given at least 30 days before it (§ 33-1375(B)). For a typical tenancy with rent due on the first, a notice must reach the other side at least 30 days before a first-of-the-month rental date; a notice given too late for the next such date rolls the termination to the following one. Rent is 'uniformly apportionable from day-to-day' (§ 33-1314(C)), so any partial period is prorated |
Written notice, always ('a written notice,' § 33-1375(B)). The statute requires the notice to specify the periodic rental date that is the termination date; beyond writing and that date, it prescribes no particular form or magic language for a no-cause month-to-month termination |
Notice is 'given' by 'taking steps reasonably calculated to inform the other in ordinary course' (§ 33-1313(B)). A tenant is deemed to receive it when delivered in hand or mailed by registered or certified mail to the tenant's held-out address (or last known residence); a landlord, when delivered in hand or mailed by registered/certified mail to the landlord's place of business or a designated agent. If mailed by registered or certified mail, receipt is 'the date the notice is actually received ... or five days after the date the notice is mailed, whichever occurs first' (§ 33-1313(B)) |
The lease may set 'terms and conditions not prohibited by this chapter or any other law' (§ 33-1314(A)), but it cannot make the tenant 'waive or ... forego rights or remedies under this chapter' (§ 33-1315(A)(1)); such a provision is 'unenforceable' (§ 33-1315(B)). So the 30-day statutory notice is a floor the lease cannot cut against the tenant. A deliberately-prohibited clause exposes the landlord to the tenant's actual damages plus up to two months' rent (§ 33-1315(B)) |
Arizona has no statewide just-cause law. Under § 33-1375(B) either party may end a month-to-month tenancy with 30 days' notice for any reason or none; the statute requires no stated cause and no relocation assistance. A tenant who holds over after a valid termination faces a possession action, plus up to two months' rent or double actual damages if the holdover is 'willful and not in good faith' (§ 33-1375(C)). A city or county may layer additional notice or just-cause requirements on top of this state floor |
| Arkansas verified 2026-07-15 | Arkansas Code § 18-17-704, the periodic-tenancy termination section of the Arkansas Residential Landlord-Tenant Act of 2007 (§§ 18-17-101 et seq.). It applies statewide to residential periodic tenancies. A fixed-term lease ends on its stated date without notice; if the tenant stays on with the landlord's consent, a new periodic tenancy arises (§ 18-17-401). Arkansas has no statewide just-cause law. This cell states the state-law floor. (Current text is 2007 Ark. Act 1004, § 1; not amended since.) |
At least 30 days for a month-to-month tenancy. 'The landlord or the tenant may terminate a month-to-month tenancy by a written notice given to the other at least thirty (30) days before the termination date specified in the notice' (§ 18-17-704(b)). A week-to-week tenancy takes at least 7 days (§ 18-17-704(a)). No reason is required |
The same 30 days — the clock is symmetric. Section 18-17-704(b) names 'the landlord or the tenant' interchangeably, so a tenant ends a month-to-month tenancy on the same 30 days' written notice a landlord must give (7 days for week-to-week, § 18-17-704(a)). Neither side owes more than the other |
Counted to the termination date named in the notice, and free-floating — the end date is any date at least 30 days out, not tied to a rent-period boundary. The 30 days run 'before the termination date specified in the notice' (§ 18-17-704(b)). So pick an end date and make sure the written notice reaches the other side at least 30 days before it; Arkansas does not require the date to be the first or last of a rental month |
Written notice is mandatory — § 18-17-704 requires 'a written notice' for each periodic tenancy, so an oral notice does not terminate a month-to-month tenancy. The notice must specify the termination date ('the termination date specified in the notice'). The statute prescribes no other required language and no stated reason for a no-cause termination |
The statute requires only 'a written notice given to the other' (§ 18-17-704) and prescribes no particular method or manner of service for a no-fault periodic-tenancy notice; delivery follows the lease and general law. Because the 30 days run from when the notice is given, use a method that proves delivery and its date — personal delivery or certified mail — so the timing can be shown |
The 30-day and 7-day periods are minimums — the statute requires 'at least' that much notice (§ 18-17-704(a)-(b)) — so a lease may require longer notice but not less than the statutory floor, and the Act provides no shorter alternative. A fixed-term lease whose tenant stays on with the landlord's consent becomes a periodic tenancy governed by these same rules (§ 18-17-401) |
No statewide just-cause law. A timely, properly given 30-day notice ends the tenancy for any reason or none (subject to federal and state fair-housing law). If the tenant stays past the termination date without the landlord's consent, 'the landlord may bring an action for possession' (§ 18-17-704(c)(1)); a bad-faith holdover adds reasonable attorney's fees (c)(2), and a willful holdover in violation of the Act or lease exposes the tenant to 'an amount not more than three (3) months periodic rent or twice the actual damages sustained ... whichever is greater' plus attorney's fees (c)(3). The landlord's remedy is a court action for possession, not a self-help repossession. Some cities may add local requirements |
| California verified 2026-07-15 | Cal. Civ. Code § 1946.1 governs terminating a residential periodic tenancy — it applies 'Notwithstanding Section 1946.' The general default rule, the abandoned-property notice language, and the service route sit in § 1946. Layered on top for longer tenancies is the Tenant Protection Act, § 1946.2, which requires 'just cause.' Scope here is an ordinary residential month-to-month tenancy ended with no fault; nonpayment and lease-breach evictions follow separate statutes |
At least 60 days. An owner terminating 'shall give notice at least 60 days prior to the proposed date of termination' (§ 1946.1(b)). Two statutory reductions to 30 days: if 'a tenant or resident has resided in the dwelling ... for less than one year' (§ 1946.1(c)); or a bona-fide sale of a separately-alienable dwelling to a natural-person buyer who will live there, if all six conditions in § 1946.1(d) are met (including that escrow is open and notice is given within 120 days of it). Meeting the day count does not by itself make a termination lawful once § 1946.2 just cause applies |
At least 30 days for a month-to-month tenancy. A tenant 'shall give notice for a period at least as long as the term of the periodic tenancy' (§ 1946.1(b)); for a tenancy 'from month to month either of the parties may terminate the same by giving at least 30 days' written notice' (§ 1946(a)). The tenant's clock is shorter than the landlord's — the tenant never owes the 60 days a landlord may owe |
Free-floating — the end date is the counted-out day after notice, not the end of a rental period. For a month-to-month tenancy either party may terminate 'by giving at least 30 days' written notice thereof at any time and the rent shall be due and payable to and including the date of termination' (§ 1946(a)). So a tenant serving a 30-day notice on the 10th ends the tenancy about the 9th of the next month and owes prorated rent through that date; there is no rule forcing the end date onto the first or last of the month |
Written notice, always. A landlord's notice 'shall contain, in substantially the same form,' the statutory statement telling former tenants they may reclaim abandoned personal property left behind (§ 1946.1(h); same language in § 1946(a)). If the tenant is covered by § 1946.2, the notice must additionally STATE the just cause, and a no-fault notice must state the tenant's right to relocation assistance or a rent waiver. A landlord 'shall not charge a tenant a fee for serving, posting, or otherwise delivering any notice' (§ 1946.1(i)) |
Notice must be 'given in the manner prescribed in Section 1162 of the Code of Civil Procedure or by sending a copy by certified or registered mail' (§ 1946.1(f)). Section 1162 allows personal delivery to the tenant; or, if the tenant is absent, leaving a copy with a person of suitable age and discretion and mailing a copy; or, failing that, posting a copy conspicuously and mailing a copy (§ 1162(a)). A tenant may also serve the landlord's rent-collecting agent by certified/registered mail or personal delivery (§ 1946(a)) |
The lease can shorten the notice in one specific way: the parties may agree, 'at the time the tenancy is created,' that a termination notice 'may be given at any time not less than seven days before the expiration of the term' (§ 1946(a)). A landlord cannot contract below the § 1946.1 residential 60/30-day floor, and the just-cause protections cannot be signed away at all — 'Any waiver of the rights under this section shall be void as contrary to public policy' (§ 1946.2(j)) |
California is a statewide just-cause state. After a tenant 'has continuously and lawfully occupied a residential real property for 12 months' (24 months where an adult was added), an owner 'shall not terminate a tenancy without just cause, which shall be stated in the written notice' (§ 1946.2(a)). No-fault causes (owner move-in, withdrawal from the market, government order, substantial remodel) require the owner to pay one month's rent as relocation assistance or waive the last month's rent (§ 1946.2(d)). Failure to comply 'shall render the written termination notice void' (§ 1946.2(g)), with treble damages and fees available (§ 1946.2(h)). Key exemptions in § 1946.2(e) include most single-family homes (with the required written notice), owner-occupied duplexes, and housing built within the last 15 years. This section is operative April 1, 2024 and is repealed as of January 1, 2030; local just-cause ordinances may be more protective |
| Colorado verified 2026-07-15 | Two statutes work together. C.R.S. § 13-40-107 sets the no-cause notice periods to terminate a periodic (including month-to-month) tenancy, but on the landlord side it applies only to nonresidential property and to the residential tenancies that are EXEMPT under § 38-12-1302 — plus, on the tenant side, 'a tenant of any property or premises.' For covered residential tenancies, C.R.S. § 38-12-1303 (added by 2024 HB 24-1098; renumbered by 2025 SB 25-275, effective Aug. 6, 2025) requires cause. Scope here is a no-fault month-to-month termination; nonpayment and lease-breach evictions run under § 13-40-104 and are outside this survey |
Depends on whether the 2024 for-cause law covers the tenancy. If the tenancy is EXEMPT — most importantly, if the tenant 'has not been a tenant of a residential premises for at least twelve months' (§ 38-12-1302(1)(e)), or it is a short-term rental or employer-provided housing — the landlord may end a monthly tenancy with a no-cause notice under § 13-40-107(2)(c): 'A tenancy of one month or longer but less than six months, at least twenty-one days.' So 21 days, served to expire at the end of the period. If the tenancy is COVERED (tenant of 12+ months), the landlord may NOT end it without cause; a permitted no-fault eviction takes at least 90 days' written notice (§ 38-12-1303(3)) |
21 days, and the for-cause law does not restrict the tenant's route. Section 13-40-107(1) lets 'a tenant of any property or premises' terminate a periodic tenancy, and § 13-40-107(2)(c) sets 'at least twenty-one days' for the month-to-month tier ('one month or longer but less than six months'). A tenant needs no cause. The landlord and tenant clocks are the same 21 days for an exempt tenancy but diverge once the for-cause law covers the landlord |
End of the rental period. The notice must 'expire[] at the end of the period' and be 'served before the end of the period' (§ 13-40-107(1),(2)). For a monthly tenancy the 21-day no-cause notice must be delivered at least 21 days before the last day of a monthly period and takes effect at the end of that period; a notice served too late rolls to the next period. A covered no-fault eviction instead names a vacate date that 'must be at least ninety days after' service (§ 38-12-1303(3)) |
Written. Section 13-40-107(3) requires the notice to 'describe the property and the particular date when the tenancy will terminate' and be signed by the party giving it (or an agent or attorney). For a covered no-fault eviction, the § 38-12-1303 written notice must state a vacate date at least 90 days out; a for-cause demand under § 13-40-106 must specify the grounds and, when the landlord knows the tenant's primary language, be written in that language |
Under § 13-40-108 a written notice to vacate 'may be served by delivering a copy of the notice to a known tenant occupying the premises,' by leaving it with a suitable person at the residence, or by posting it on the premises when personal service cannot be made; 'personal service or service by posting must be made at least twenty-four hours before' the return time on any later eviction summons. Serve in a way that fixes the delivery date, and count the notice period from service |
The for-cause protections cannot be contracted away: § 38-12-1305 makes 'a provision of a rental agreement or other agreement that purports to authorize or effectuate a waiver or modification of any provision of this part 13 ... void and unenforceable.' The § 13-40-107 notice periods are statutory minimums. A landlord of five or fewer single-family homes can create an 'exempt residential agreement' that changes some cure-notice timing (§ 13-40-104), but that does not shorten the no-cause termination periods here. No tenant notice is required to end a fixed term set to end at a time certain (§ 13-40-107(4)) |
Colorado HAS a statewide just-cause law binding landlords. Since 2024, 'a landlord shall not serve a notice to terminate tenancy or a demand for possession or otherwise proceed with an action for unlawful detainer ... unless there is cause for the eviction' (§ 38-12-1303(1)). Cause means a tenant violation or one of the statutory 'no-fault' grounds in § 38-12-1303(3) — such as substantial repairs that require the unit be vacated, demolition or withdrawal of the unit from the rental market, or owner/family occupancy — each requiring at least 90 days' written notice. The law does not cover every tenancy: § 38-12-1302(1) exempts short-term rentals, employer-provided housing, and 'a residential tenant who has not been a tenant of a residential premises for at least twelve months.' So a landlord may still end a month-to-month tenancy of under 12 months with a plain 21-day no-cause notice; after 12 months, cause is required, and a violation lets the tenant raise it as a defense or seek relief (§§ 38-12-1304, 38-12-1306) |
| Connecticut verified 2026-07-15 | Two statutes work together. Conn. Gen. Stat. § 47a-3d treats a month-to-month arrangement as a one-month lease; Conn. Gen. Stat. § 47a-23 (the summary-process 'notice to quit' statute) is how a landlord ends it. Connecticut has NO fixed 30/60-day no-cause notice period — the month-to-month simply lapses each month and the landlord serves a 3-day notice to quit based on 'lapse of time.' Protected tenants (age 62+ or with a disability) in buildings of five or more units have good-cause limits under § 47a-23c. This states the state-law floor; fair-rent-commission towns and local rules may add more |
No fixed advance period like 30 days. Because a month-to-month is a one-month lease (§ 47a-3d), it terminates 'by lapse of time,' and to obtain possession the landlord must 'give notice to each lessee or occupant to quit possession or occupancy … at least three days before the termination of the rental agreement or lease … or before the time specified in the notice' (§ 47a-23(a)). In practice the landlord times a 3-day notice to quit to the end of a monthly rental period. This 3-day notice is the minimum pre-eviction notice, not a 30-day advance warning — a key difference from most states |
No statute fixes a tenant's no-fault notice period. Chapter 830 provides no general tenant lease-break right (the only affirmative tenant-termination statute is § 47a-11e for family-violence victims). Because the tenancy is construed as a one-month lease (§ 47a-3d), it ends at the close of a monthly term; a departing tenant should give notice effective at the end of a rental month — customarily one full month — under the lease and common law, since the statute is silent on a tenant figure |
End-of-period, by lapse of time. A parol monthly tenancy 'shall be construed to be leases for one month only' (§ 47a-3d), so each monthly term ends on its own, and a no-cause termination is keyed to that month-end rather than a free-floating count. The landlord's notice to quit must give 'at least three days before the termination of the rental agreement or lease … or before the time specified in the notice' (§ 47a-23(a)) — so the quit date is set at (or after) the end of a rental month, with at least three days' lead |
The landlord's notice to quit must be in writing and 'substantially in the following form' set out in § 47a-23(b): it identifies the premises and address, states the date 'on or before' which the tenant must quit, and states 'the reason or reasons for the notice to quit … using the statutory language.' For a no-cause month-to-month termination the stated reason is 'lapse of time.' A notice that omits or misstates the required reason can be invalid |
Stricter than most states: the landlord cannot serve it. 'A copy of such notice shall be delivered to each lessee or occupant or left at such lessee's or occupant's place of residence … by a proper officer or indifferent person,' and 'Delivery of such notice may be made on any day of the week' (§ 47a-23(c)) — in practice a state marshal. If the tenant is a nonresident or their whereabouts are unknown, § 47a-23b provides alternative service (including service on a person in charge or advertised notice) at least ten days before the quit date. Certified mail or door-posting by the landlord alone is not the authorized method |
The 3-day notice to quit is a statutory minimum before a summary-process eviction; a lease may give the tenant more notice but cannot shorten the statutory floor or skip the marshal-served notice to quit. Section 47a-3d's one-month construction is a default that applies when a parol tenancy reserves monthly rent and sets no termination date. The good-cause protections for elderly and disabled tenants (§ 47a-23c) cannot be contracted around |
No general just-cause rule: an ordinary month-to-month tenancy can be ended by lapse of time with a 3-day notice to quit and no reason beyond 'lapse of time.' But Connecticut protects a defined class. Under § 47a-23c, a 'protected tenant' — age sixty-two or older, or who has a disability — in a building of five or more units may be dispossessed only for enumerated good causes, which § 47a-23(a)(4) lists as: '(A) Refusal to agree to a fair and equitable rent increase …, (B) permanent removal by the landlord of the dwelling unit … from the housing market, or (C) bona fide intention by the landlord to use such dwelling unit as such landlord's principal residence.' If any tenant stays past the quit date, the landlord's only route is a summary-process (eviction) action in Superior Court — self-help lockouts are unlawful |
| Delaware verified 2026-07-15 | Delaware Residential Landlord-Tenant Code, 25 Del. C. chs. 51-59; § 5106(d) governs an ordinary residential month-to-month termination, § 5113 governs service, §§ 5101 and 5301 bar conflicting terms and tenant waivers, and § 5516 prohibits retaliation. This cell states the state-law floor |
At least 60 days' written notice (§ 5106(d)). The 60-day period begins only on the first day of the month after actual notice, so the practical lead time is always longer than 60 days from delivery |
The same minimum 60 days in writing (§ 5106(d)). The statute applies symmetrically to 'the landlord or tenant' and uses the same first-of-next-month start rule |
First-of-next-month anchor. Do not count 60 days from delivery: the statutory period begins on the first day of the following month (§ 5106(d)). The section does not separately require an end-of-rental-period date; rent is generally apportioned day by day (§ 5501(c)) |
Written notice is mandatory (§ 5106(d)). The section prescribes no statewide form, cause statement, or special wording for an ordinary no-cause termination; the notice should clearly identify the tenancy and intended termination |
Serve under § 5113: personal service; substitute delivery to an adult at the residence or an authorized landlord recipient; registered, certified, or certificate-of-mailing first-class mail; posting plus mailing; or a court-appointed special process server. Section 5106(d) keys the clock to actual notice, and § 5113 makes specified mailing proof prima facie evidence of service |
Sixty days is the statutory minimum, so a lease may provide more notice but cannot cut the period below 60 days or make the tenant waive Code rights. Conflicting terms are unenforceable (§ 5101(a)); a prohibited tenant-waiver term is unenforceable and knowing enforcement can expose the landlord to 3 months' rent plus costs (§ 5301) |
No general statewide just-cause condition: § 5106(d) lets either side terminate on compliant notice without requiring a reason. But § 5516 bars retaliatory attempts to make a tenant quit, creates a 90-day presumption after listed protected conduct, and allows 3 months' rent or treble damages, whichever is greater, plus costs |
| District of Columbia verified 2026-07-16 | Two statutes. The tenant's side is D.C. Code § 42-3202(b), the residential notice to quit (30 days). The landlord's side is governed by the Rental Housing Act of 1985's eviction section, § 42-3505.01, which bars no-cause eviction: a housing provider may recover possession of a covered residential rental unit only for an enumerated cause, even after the lease expires. Applies to rental units covered by the Rental Housing Act (D.C. Code ch. 35, subch. V). This cell states the D.C.-law floor. (§ 42-3505.01 most recently amended by the RENTAL Act of 2025, D.C. Law 26-80, eff. Dec. 31, 2025.) |
The District effectively has NO no-cause termination. 'No tenant shall be evicted from a rental unit, notwithstanding the expiration of the tenant's lease or rental agreement, so long as the tenant continues to pay the rent' (§ 42-3505.01(a)(1)), and the residential 30-day notice to quit is available 'only from the tenant' (§ 42-3202(b)). A housing provider may recover possession only on an enumerated ground, each with its own notice: a tenancy-obligation violation not cured in 30 days (§ 42-3505.01(b)); the owner's good-faith personal use and occupancy — a 90-day notice (§ 42-3505.01(d)); a contracted sale for a buyer's personal use — 90 days (§ 42-3505.01(e)); demolition — 180 days (§ 42-3505.01(g)); substantial rehabilitation — 120 days (§ 42-3505.01(h)); or discontinuance of housing use — 180 days (§ 42-3505.01(i)). Notices for any reason other than nonpayment must also be served on the Rent Administrator |
A tenant ends a residential month-to-month tenancy on a 30-day written notice to quit: the tenancy 'may be terminated by a 30-day notice in writing only from the tenant to the housing provider of the tenant's intention to quit,' and that notice 'shall expire on the first day of the first month at least 30 days after the date of the notice' (§ 42-3202(b)). The tenant needs no reason. Because the subsection makes this notice tenant-only, the clocks are deeply asymmetric — the tenant can leave on 30 days, but the landlord cannot use the same notice to make the tenant leave |
For the tenant's notice the end date is fixed to the calendar: it 'shall expire on the first day of the first month at least 30 days after the date of the notice' (§ 42-3202(b)). So a tenant's notice does not end the tenancy on an arbitrary counted-out day — it lands on the first of a month that is at least 30 days away, which usually means giving notice more than a month ahead. For a landlord recovering possession on an enumerated ground, the effective date runs from the applicable 90-, 120-, or 180-day notice (§ 42-3505.01(d)-(i)) |
All notices must be in writing (§§ 42-3202(b), 42-3505.01(a)(1)). A landlord's notice for any reason other than nonpayment must be served on both the tenant and the Rent Administrator (§ 42-3505.01(a)(1)), and if the landlord knows the tenant's primary language is a covered language other than English or Spanish, the notice must be provided in that language (§ 42-3505.01(a)(3)). A tenant's notice to quit states the intention to quit and the termination date (§ 42-3202(b)); no reason is required |
The Rental Housing Act's eviction section allows a landlord's notice to be served by posting a copy on the premises, but a notice served by posting requires a photograph of the posted notice with a readable timestamp to be submitted to the court (§ 42-3505.01(a)(2)); service on the Rent Administrator is also required for any ground other than nonpayment (§ 42-3505.01(a)(1)). The statute prescribes no single method for the tenant's § 42-3202 notice to quit — put it in writing and keep proof of the date |
The Rental Housing Act's protections cannot be signed away by lease. Its core rule bars eviction except on a statutory ground 'notwithstanding the expiration of the tenant's lease or rental agreement' (§ 42-3505.01(a)(1)), so a lease clause purporting to allow a no-cause termination or to shorten the statutory notices does not override the Act. A lease may set a longer tenant notice, but the tenant's 30-day statutory notice to quit (§ 42-3202(b)) is the floor |
The District has the strongest just-cause regime in this survey: there is no no-cause eviction at all. Section 42-3505.01(a)(1) bars evicting a tenant 'for any reason' except the grounds the section enumerates, and only after a conforming written notice, 'notwithstanding the expiration of the tenant's lease.' The no-fault grounds (owner move-in, sale for a buyer's move-in, demolition, substantial rehab, discontinuance of use) each carry long notice (90-180 days), and for owner move-in and sale a 12-month bar on re-renting or collecting rent on the repossessed unit (§ 42-3505.01(d)-(e)); several also trigger relocation-assistance rights. Only a court can order eviction — self-help is barred |
| Florida verified 2026-07-15 | Fla. Stat. § 83.57 ('Termination of tenancy without specific term'), in Part II of Chapter 83 — the Florida Residential Landlord and Tenant Act. It governs a 'tenancy without a specific duration' (§ 83.46(2)-(3)) and treats landlord and tenant alike. Florida has no statewide just-cause statute. Scope here is an ordinary residential month-to-month tenancy ended with no fault; termination for the tenant's noncompliance or nonpayment runs through the separate § 83.56 |
30 days' written notice for a month-to-month tenancy, given 'prior to the end of any monthly period' (§ 83.57(3)). The same clock binds the tenant. Longer cadences apply to other periodic tenancies — 60 days year-to-year, 30 days quarter-to-quarter, 7 days week-to-week — but there are no occupancy-length tiers and no separate landlord-only period |
The same as the landlord's — the statute is symmetric. § 83.57 lets 'either party' terminate; for a month-to-month tenancy the tenant likewise gives at least 30 days' written notice before the end of a monthly period (§ 83.57(3)) |
End-of-period model — the notice must be timed to a rental period, not counted freely. The 30 days must be given 'prior to the end of any monthly period' (§ 83.57(3)), so the tenancy ends at the end of a monthly period. Give notice too late in the current cycle and it does not simply run 30 days — it takes effect at the end of the NEXT monthly period. That is the key contrast with states like California and Texas, which count a flat period from the notice |
Written notice is required — § 83.57 speaks of 'giving written notice.' The section does not prescribe any particular contents or wording beyond that; it borrows only the delivery manner of § 83.56(4). So there is no mandatory statutory statement to include, but an oral month-to-month termination does not satisfy § 83.57 |
Delivery must follow 'the manner provided in s. 83.56(4)' (§ 83.57). That subsection allows delivery 'by mailing, delivering a true copy thereof, e-mailing in accordance with s. 83.505, or, if the tenant is absent from the premises, by leaving a copy thereof at the residence' (§ 83.56(4)) — the e-mail option added by a 2025 amendment. Section 83.56(4) also states these notice requirements 'may not be waived in the rental agreement' |
The lease cannot waive the notice. A rental-agreement provision is 'void and unenforceable to the extent that it ... [p]urports to waive or preclude the rights, remedies, or requirements set forth in this part' (§ 83.47(1)(a)), and § 83.56(4) bars waiving the delivery requirements. That puts Florida at the opposite end from Texas, where a signed lease can eliminate notice. Parties can instead sign a fixed-term lease, governed by its own terms rather than § 83.57 |
None by state law. Florida has no statewide just-cause requirement, so a no-cause month-to-month termination needs no reason — the § 83.57 notice is enough. Termination for the tenant's fault (noncompliance, unpaid rent) instead runs through § 83.56, with its own 7-day and 3-day notices. There is no relocation-assistance requirement, and a mistimed notice is simply ineffective for that period rather than a penalty. Florida also preempts local rent regulation, so city-level just-cause overlays are limited |
| Georgia verified 2026-07-15 | O.C.G.A. § 44-7-7 ('Tenancy at will — Notice required for termination'). In Georgia a month-to-month tenancy is a 'tenancy at will' — 'Where no time is specified for the termination of a tenancy, the law construes it to be a tenancy at will' (§ 44-7-6). Section 44-7-7 sets an asymmetric notice: 60 days from the landlord, 30 days from the tenant. Georgia has no statewide just-cause law. Scope: a no-fault end of a tenancy at will; nonpayment and lease-violation removals, which use a separate demand-for-possession (dispossessory) procedure, belong to the eviction survey |
60 days. 'Sixty days' notice from the landlord ... is necessary to terminate a tenancy at will' (§ 44-7-7). There are no occupancy-length tiers — a landlord always owes 60 days to end a no-fault tenancy at will. That is double the tenant's clock, one of the widest landlord-vs-tenant gaps in this survey. This is the notice that ends the tenancy; if the tenant then stays, the landlord proceeds through the dispossessory (eviction) process |
30 days — half the landlord's. 'Sixty days' notice from the landlord or 30 days' notice from the tenant is necessary to terminate a tenancy at will' (§ 44-7-7). A Georgia tenant ending a month-to-month (at-will) tenancy gives 30 days, and the asymmetry runs in the tenant's favor: the tenant owes less notice than the landlord, not more |
Counted from the notice; the statute does not tie the end date to a rental period. Section 44-7-7 fixes only the number of days (30 for a tenant, 60 for a landlord) and says nothing about aligning the termination to the first or last of a month, so the tenancy ends the counted-out number of days after notice. Georgia also does not prorate the final period: rent that comes due before the termination date is generally owed in full, so a tenant giving 30 days' notice mid-month typically still owes the whole next month's rent that comes due before the tenancy ends. Time the notice with the rent-due date in mind |
The statute does not require writing. Section 44-7-7 requires 'notice' but does not, in its text, say it must be written or prescribe any contents. Written, dated notice is strongly advisable and is the practice Georgia's official landlord-tenant handbook urges to protect your rights — but for an at-will termination, writing is best practice, not a statutory command |
Not specified by § 44-7-7. The section fixes the notice period but prescribes no delivery method and no receipt rule for an at-will termination notice, so delivery follows the lease and general law; personal delivery or certified mail, with proof of the date, is the safe practice. (The separate dispossessory process that follows if the tenant refuses to leave has its own service rules.) |
Section 44-7-7 governs a true tenancy at will — one with 'no time ... specified for the termination' (§ 44-7-6) — and sets the 60/30 notice as what is 'necessary' to end it, with no anti-waiver clause of its own. A written agreement that specifies its own termination or notice terms is governed by those terms; where there is no such agreement (the at-will situation), the 60-day (landlord) and 30-day (tenant) periods are the governing minimums and cannot be assumed away. Read any lease for a termination clause |
No statewide just-cause law. Georgia does not require a landlord to have a reason to end a tenancy at will; a proper 60-day notice is enough. There is no relocation-assistance requirement and no coverage threshold. Consequence of getting it wrong: a notice short of the required period does not validly terminate the tenancy — Georgia's official handbook advises a tenant given less than 60 days to assert the termination was invalid. Georgia limits local landlord-tenant regulation, but check for any applicable local ordinance |
| Hawaii verified 2026-07-15 | Hawaii Residential Landlord-Tenant Code, Haw. Rev. Stat. ch. 521; § 521-71(a)-(b) governs ordinary residential month-to-month termination. The rule is asymmetric: 45 days from landlord, 28 days from tenant. This cell states the state-law floor and excludes fixed terms and fault-based eviction |
At least 45 days' written notice before the anticipated termination (§ 521-71(a)). A special 120-day landlord notice applies when the contemplated reason is voluntary demolition, condominium conversion, or changing the building to transient vacation rentals (§ 521-71(c)) |
At least 28 days' written notice before the anticipated termination (§ 521-71(b)). The tenant is responsible for rent through the twenty-eighth day after giving notice, making this shorter than the landlord's 45-day clock |
Free-floating, not tied to the last day of a rental period. Each side counts backward from the anticipated termination date: at least 45 days for a landlord and 28 days for a tenant. After a landlord notice, the tenant may leave at any time during the final 45 days by notifying the landlord of the vacate date and paying prorated rent (§ 521-71(a)) |
Written notice is mandatory for either side (§ 521-71(a)-(b)). The statute prescribes no form or special warning for an ordinary month-to-month termination; the notice should clearly identify the anticipated termination date so the 45- or 28-day period can be measured |
Section 521-71 does not prescribe mail, posting, or another termination-specific method. Under the general notice rule, a person gives notice by taking steps reasonably required to inform the other in the ordinary course; notice is received when it comes to the person's attention or is delivered to the place of business through which the rental agreement was made or another place held out for receiving communications (§ 521-9(c)) |
The statutory rights and remedies cannot be waived in advance: except where Chapter 521 itself provides otherwise, 'a tenant or landlord may not waive or agree to forego rights or remedies under this chapter' (§ 521-31(a)). A lease therefore should not shorten or eliminate the 45-day landlord or 28-day tenant protection |
No general statewide just-cause requirement: § 521-71(a) allows a landlord to terminate on 45 days' written notice without requiring a stated cause. But § 521-74 bars a retaliatory termination after specified good-faith complaints or repair requests, subject to listed exceptions; a tenant dispossessed in violation may recover damages, costs, and reasonable attorney's fees (§ 521-74(c)) |
| Idaho verified 2026-07-15 | Idaho Code § 55-208, 'Termination of tenancy at will,' in Title 55 (Property in General), Chapter 2. Idaho has NOT adopted a uniform residential landlord-tenant act, so an ordinary residential month-to-month or at-will tenancy is ended under this general property statute plus the lease and common law. Idaho has no statewide just-cause law. This cell states the state-law floor. (Section 55-208 is a longstanding provision; current text confirmed on the Idaho Legislature's official site.) |
At least one month. A tenancy at will may be terminated 'by the landlord's giving notice in writing to the tenant, in the manner prescribed by the code of civil procedure, to remove from the premises within a period of not less than one (1) month, to be specified in the notice' (§ 55-208(1)). No reason is required. Note that 'one month' means a full calendar month, not a flat 30 days, and the landlord's notice must be served the way the rules of civil procedure require |
The same one month. A tenant terminates 'by giving notice in writing to the landlord that the tenant will be vacating the premises, on a date as specified in the notice, but not less than one (1) month from the date of notice' (§ 55-208(2)). The length matches the landlord's, but a tenant simply gives written notice to the landlord — the tenant does not have to use the formal service method the statute requires of the landlord |
Free-floating and counted from the notice — the end date is any date at least one month out, named in the notice, and it is not tied to a rent-period boundary. The tenant's date is 'not less than one (1) month from the date of notice' (§ 55-208(2)); the landlord's notice sets removal 'within a period of not less than one (1) month' (§ 55-208(1)). Idaho measures a full calendar month (for example, notice on the 10th ends the tenancy no earlier than the 10th of the next month), not a fixed 30-day count |
Written notice is mandatory for both sides — § 55-208 requires 'notice in writing' whether the landlord (§ 55-208(1)) or the tenant (§ 55-208(2)) is ending the tenancy, so an oral notice does not terminate it. Each notice must specify the date: the landlord's names the date to remove from the premises, the tenant's names the vacate date. The statute prescribes no other required contents and no stated reason for a no-cause termination |
The two sides deliver notice differently. A landlord must give the notice 'in the manner prescribed by the code of civil procedure' (§ 55-208(1)) — Idaho's civil service rules — not merely hand it over informally. A tenant need only give 'notice in writing to the landlord' (§ 55-208(2)). Because the one-month clock runs from the notice, use a method that proves delivery and its date; a landlord in particular should follow the civil-procedure service method to make the notice effective |
The one-month period is a floor — the statute requires 'not less than one (1) month' for each side (§ 55-208(1)-(2)) — so a lease may require a longer notice but not a shorter one. Because Idaho has not adopted a uniform residential landlord-tenant act, there is no statutory anti-waiver provision specific to this notice; the lease and general contract law otherwise govern, but they cannot cut the notice below the statutory one-month minimum |
No statewide just-cause law. A timely, properly served one-month notice ends the tenancy for any reason or none (subject to federal and state fair-housing law). Ending the tenancy on paper does not remove the tenant: if the tenant stays past the notice date, the landlord's remedy is a court eviction (an unlawful-detainer action under Idaho Code § 6-303 and following), not a self-help lockout or utility shutoff. Some cities may add local requirements |
| Illinois verified 2026-07-15 | 735 ILCS 5/9-207 ('Notice to terminate tenancy for less than a year'), in the Eviction Article of the Code of Civil Procedure, with service governed by 735 ILCS 5/9-211. A month-to-month tenancy is a 'tenancy for any term less than one year,' so a landlord terminates it on 30 days' written notice under § 9-207(b) (a week-to-week tenancy takes 7 days, § 9-207(a)). The section is written from the landlord's side, addressing a tenant who 'holds over without special agreement.' A separate 90-day rule in § 9-207.5 applies only to residential real estate in foreclosure. Scope: a no-fault end of a month-to-month tenancy; nonpayment and lease-violation removals, which carry their own shorter notices, belong to the separate eviction survey |
30 days' written notice. For a 'tenancy for any term less than one year, other than tenancy from week to week ... the landlord may terminate the tenancy by 30 days' notice, in writing' (§ 9-207(b)), and a month-to-month tenancy is such a tenancy. A week-to-week tenancy takes 7 days (§ 9-207(a)). There are no occupancy-length tiers under state law. The § 9-207.5 90-day period is a foreclosure-only exception — a new owner or mortgagee ending a lease after a judicial sale — not an ordinary landlord's clock |
30 days, by long-settled practice. Section 9-207 expressly addresses only the landlord's termination of a holdover tenant, so the tenant's clock is not fixed by its text; a tenant ending a month-to-month tenancy gives 30 days' written notice — a full rental period — under Illinois common law. The lease may set the tenant's notice terms, because the § 9-207(b) default applies only 'without special agreement' |
30 days from notice; the statute does not tie the end date to a rental period. Section 9-207(b) requires '30 days' notice, in writing' but says nothing about aligning the termination date with the end of a monthly period. In practice the 30-day notice for a month-to-month tenancy is served so it expires at the end of a rental period (for a first-of-the-month tenancy, given a full month before the month it is meant to end) — but that period-alignment comes from practice, not the statute's text, so confirm how the local court applies it before counting days |
Written. Both § 9-207(a) and (b) require the notice to be 'in writing.' Beyond writing, the statute prescribes no particular contents and no mandatory statement or form for a no-fault month-to-month termination |
Governed by § 9-211. Notice may be served 'by delivering a written or printed ... copy thereof to the tenant, or by leaving the same with some person of the age of 13 years or upwards, residing on or in possession of the premises; or by sending a copy of the notice to the tenant by certified or registered mail, with a returned receipt from the addressee; and in case no one is in the actual possession of the premises, then by posting the same on the premises' (§ 9-211). Posting is allowed only when no one is in possession — a common landlord mistake |
The statutory 30-day default fills in 'where the tenant holds over without special agreement' (§ 9-207(b)) — a 'special agreement' (a lease term) can set the tenancy's own termination terms. The statute does not itself spell out how far a lease may shorten the notice, and § 9-207 contains no anti-waiver clause; Illinois courts look first to the lease for the tenancy's terms. Read the lease's termination and notice clauses |
No statewide just-cause law. Illinois does not require a landlord to have a reason to end a month-to-month tenancy; a proper 30-day notice needs no cause under state law. Local law is a real overlay here: Chicago, Cook County, and some other Illinois jurisdictions require longer notice periods that increase with how long the tenant has lived in the unit, plus other protections — check the ordinance for the property's location. A defective notice is a defense in the landlord's eviction case, not a source of statutory damages |
| Indiana verified 2026-07-15 | Indiana Code 32-31-1 (General Provisions of the landlord-tenant article) governs. A general tenancy occupied by the landlord's consent 'is considered to be a tenancy from month to month' (IC 32-31-1-2), and for a periodic tenancy of not more than three months 'notice ... equal to the interval between the periods is sufficient to determine' it (IC 32-31-1-4). A separate rule ends a tenancy at will on one month's written notice (IC 32-31-1-1). Service is set by IC 32-31-1-9, exceptions to notice by IC 32-31-1-8, and local preemption by IC 32-31-1-20. Scope here is a no-fault termination; the 10-day nonpayment notice (IC 32-31-1-6) is separate |
For a month-to-month tenancy, 'notice ... equal to the interval between the periods is sufficient' (IC 32-31-1-4(b)) — the interval is one month, so one month's notice. For a true tenancy at will, the figure is fixed: it 'may be determined by a one (1) month notice in writing, delivered to the tenant' (IC 32-31-1-1(a)). Either way the landlord gives one month |
Indiana's termination statutes are written as notice 'to the tenant' (IC 32-31-1-1(a), IC 32-31-1-4(b)), so they speak most clearly to the landlord's side. A tenant ending a month-to-month tenancy is likewise expected to give one month's (one interval's) notice; the Code sets no separate, shorter tenant clock, so treat the tenant's period as the same one month |
Indiana measures the notice by the rental interval: 'notice ... equal to the interval between the periods is sufficient to determine' a periodic tenancy of three months or less (IC 32-31-1-4(b)). For a monthly tenancy that is one full month, so the notice runs a complete rental period. Count a full month's interval; a shorter period does not end the tenancy |
Written notice is the safe course. The Code expressly requires it for a tenancy at will — 'a one (1) month notice in writing' (IC 32-31-1-1(a)) — and the service rule speaks of delivering a 'copy' (IC 32-31-1-9(c)). The interval statute (IC 32-31-1-4) does not itself add required contents, and the Code's sample notice forms are only for a year-to-year termination (IC 32-31-1-5) and a nonpayment notice (IC 32-31-1-7); no particular language is mandated for a no-cause month-to-month notice |
Notice 'may be served on the tenant' (IC 32-31-1-9(a)). 'If the tenant cannot be found, notice may be served on a person residing at the premises,' and the server 'must explain the contents of the notice' to that person (IC 32-31-1-9(b)). If no such person is found, notice may be served 'by affixing a copy of the notice to a conspicuous part of the premises' (IC 32-31-1-9(c)) |
Indiana lets the contract control. Notice 'is not required to terminate a lease' when 'the landlord agrees to rent the premises to the tenant for a specified period of time' or 'the time for the determination of the tenancy is specified in the contract' (IC 32-31-1-8(1)-(2)). So a lease that fixes an end date or a set term can displace the one-month notice entirely. This is a real difference from states that make the statutory period an unwaivable floor |
Indiana has no statewide just-cause law: a month-to-month tenancy may be ended for any reason or none, on the required notice. And unlike most states, local governments cannot fill that gap — 'a unit ... may not regulate ... leasing terms and conditions [or] the rights of the parties to a lease ... unless the regulation is authorized by an act of the general assembly,' and any ordinance that does 'is void and unenforceable' (IC 32-31-1-20(c)). So there is generally no local just-cause overlay to check in Indiana |
| Iowa verified 2026-07-15 | Iowa Code § 562A.34, the periodic-tenancy termination section of Iowa's Uniform Residential Landlord and Tenant Law (ch. 562A). A landlord's termination notice is served under § 562A.29A; a tenant's notice to the landlord under § 562A.8. Applies statewide; no just-cause law. A tenancy longer than month-to-month ends on 30 days' notice before the end of its term (§ 562A.34(3)); mobile-home-park lots follow a separate chapter (562B). This cell states the state-law floor |
At least 30 days for a month-to-month tenancy. 'The landlord or the tenant may terminate a month-to-month tenancy by a written notice given to the other at least thirty days prior to the periodic rental date specified in the notice' (§ 562A.34(2)). A week-to-week tenancy takes at least 10 days (§ 562A.34(1)). No reason is required |
The same 30 days — the clock is symmetric. Section 562A.34(2) treats 'the landlord or the tenant' identically, so a tenant ends a month-to-month tenancy on the same 30 days' written notice before a periodic rental date (10 days for week-to-week, § 562A.34(1)). A tenant serves the landlord using the methods in § 562A.8(1)(b); the § 562A.29A service rules apply only to a landlord's notice |
Aligned to a periodic rental date. The termination date named in the notice must be a 'periodic rental date' (usually the day rent is due), and the notice must be given 'at least thirty days prior to' it (§ 562A.34(2)). So pick a rent-due date at least 30 days out and count back; a notice that gives 30 days but ends on a non-rental date, or that gives fewer than 30 days before the next rental date, does not fit — the effective end rolls to the next qualifying rental date. Mailed notice is 'deemed completed four days after' postmarking (§ 562A.29A(2); § 562A.8(2)), so add mailing time when counting |
Written notice is mandatory — § 562A.34 requires 'a written notice' for every periodic tenancy, and it must specify the termination or periodic rental date ('the ... date specified in the notice'). The statute prescribes no other required language or stated reason for a no-cause termination. A landlord's posted notice must also 'include the date the notice was posted' (§ 562A.29A(1)(c)) |
A landlord's § 562A.34 notice is served under § 562A.29A by one of: delivery with a signed, dated acknowledgment by an adult resident; personal service under Iowa R. Civ. P. 1.305; or posting on the primary entrance door AND mailing by both regular and certified mail. A tenant serves the landlord under § 562A.8(1)(b) (hand delivery, acknowledged delivery, personal service, delivery to the landlord's office, both-mail mailing, or any method actually received). Mailed notice is deemed complete four days after postmarking (§ 562A.29A(2); § 562A.8(2)) |
The 30-day and 10-day figures are floors ('at least'), so a lease may require longer notice but not shorter. A rental agreement 'shall not provide that the tenant or landlord ... [a]grees to waive or to forego rights or remedies under this chapter' (§ 562A.11(1)(a)), so the statutory notice cannot be waived away — with a narrow exception for a single-family residence on agricultural land in an unincorporated area. A willful prohibited provision exposes the landlord to actual damages, up to three months' rent, and attorney fees (§ 562A.11(3)) |
No statewide just-cause law. A timely, properly served 30-day notice ends the tenancy for any reason or none (subject to fair-housing and retaliation law). If the tenant stays past termination without consent, the landlord may 'bring an action for possession,' and a willful, bad-faith holdover exposes the tenant to 'the actual damages sustained by the landlord and reasonable attorney fees' (§ 562A.34(4)) — recovered through a court eviction (forcible entry and detainer, ch. 648), not a self-help lockout. If the landlord instead consents to continued occupancy, a new month-to-month tenancy arises under § 562A.9(5). Some cities may add local requirements |
| Kansas verified 2026-07-15 | K.S.A. 58-2570, the termination section of the Kansas Residential Landlord and Tenant Act (K.S.A. §§ 58-2540 to 58-2573). It applies statewide to residential rental agreements. A rental agreement for a definite term of more than 30 days is not a month-to-month tenancy even if rent is paid every 30 days (§ 58-2570(b)). Kansas has no statewide just-cause law. This cell states the state-law floor. (Current text from L. 2003, ch. 103, § 1; not amended since.) |
At least 30 days for a month-to-month tenancy. The landlord may 'terminate a month-to-month tenancy by a written notice ... stating that the tenancy shall terminate upon a periodic rent-paying date not less than 30 days after the receipt of the notice' (§ 58-2570(b)). A week-to-week tenancy takes at least 7 days (§ 58-2570(a)). No reason is required. Note the 30 days run from the other side's RECEIPT of the notice, and the end date must land on a rent-paying date |
The same 30 days — the clock is symmetric. Section 58-2570(b) names 'the landlord or the tenant' interchangeably, so a tenant ends a month-to-month tenancy on the same 30-days'-after-receipt, rent-paying-date notice (7 days for week-to-week, § 58-2570(a)). One tenant-only exception: 'not more than 15 days' written notice by a tenant' is needed where the tenant is in U.S. military service and the termination is required by military orders (§ 58-2570(b)) |
Two rules combine: the end date must be 'a periodic rent-paying date' AND 'not less than 30 days after the receipt of the notice' (§ 58-2570(b)). So count 30 days from when the other side receives the notice, then set the termination for the next rent-paying date on or after that point — a notice received mid-month cannot end the tenancy 30 days later on a random day; it rolls to the next rent date. Because the clock runs from receipt, a mailed notice does not start counting until it arrives |
Written notice is mandatory — § 58-2570 requires 'a written notice' for both week-to-week and month-to-month terminations, so an oral notice does not end the tenancy. A month-to-month notice must state 'that the tenancy shall terminate upon a periodic rent-paying date' (§ 58-2570(b)). Separately, if a landlord gives the tenant a move-out document that adds terms not in the lease, § 58-2570(e) requires a specific 10-point boldface warning; without it the tenant is not bound by the added terms |
The 30 days are measured from 'the receipt of the notice' (§ 58-2570(b)) — so the notice is effective when the other side actually receives it, not when it is mailed or posted. The statute prescribes no particular delivery method for this no-fault notice, so delivery follows the lease and general law, but because the clock runs from receipt, use a method that proves both delivery and its date (personal delivery or certified mail with a return receipt) |
The 30-day and 7-day periods are floors — the statute requires 'not less than 30 days' (§ 58-2570(b)) and 'at least seven days' (§ 58-2570(a)) — so a lease may require longer notice but not less. And the period cannot be waived away: K.S.A. 58-2547(a) provides that no rental agreement may have the tenant or landlord 'waive or ... forego rights or remedies under this act,' and any such provision 'is unenforceable' (§ 58-2547(b)); a landlord who deliberately uses a prohibited provision owes the tenant actual damages |
No statewide just-cause law. A timely, properly served notice ends a month-to-month tenancy for any reason or none (subject to federal and state fair-housing law). Ending the tenancy on paper does not remove the tenant: if the tenant holds over without the landlord's consent, 'the landlord may bring an action for possession,' and a holdover that 'is willful and not in good faith' lets the landlord recover 'an amount not more than 1 1/2 months' periodic rent or not more than 1 1/2 times the actual damages sustained by the landlord, whichever is greater' (§ 58-2570(c)); the landlord may seek an immediate-possession order under § 58-2570(d). Some cities may add local requirements |
| Kentucky verified 2026-07-15 | Ky. Rev. Stat. § 383.695(2), part of Kentucky's Uniform Residential Landlord and Tenant Act (KRS 383.505–383.715). Kentucky is a local-option URLTA state: KRS 383.500 authorizes cities, counties, and urban-county governments to adopt the Act 'in their entirety and without amendment,' and only about 19 jurisdictions have (Louisville/Jefferson County, Lexington-Fayette, Oldham County, Pulaski County, and named cities such as Covington, Newport, Florence, Georgetown, and Shelbyville). The 30-day rule below applies ONLY inside an adopting jurisdiction; everywhere else the lease and common law govern. KRS 383.535 excludes hotels/motels, employee-tied housing, purchaser-in-possession, farm-crop dwellings, and similar arrangements even in adopting areas |
At least 30 days, in an URLTA jurisdiction. 'The landlord or the tenant may terminate a month-to-month tenancy by a written notice given to the other at least thirty (30) days before the periodic rental date specified in the notice' (§ 383.695(2)). A week-to-week tenancy takes only 7 days (§ 383.695(1)). Outside an adopting city or county there is no statutory landlord notice period — the lease controls |
The same 30 days — the clock is symmetric. Section 383.695(2) speaks of 'the landlord or the tenant' interchangeably, so a tenant ending a month-to-month tenancy gives the identical 30-day written notice before a periodic rental date. Neither side owes more than the other |
Rent-date-aligned. The 30 days must run 'before the periodic rental date specified in the notice' (§ 383.695(2)) — the end date is pinned to a rental date, not a free-floating day counted from service. Practically, notice given fewer than 30 days before the next rent date pushes the effective termination to the following rental date. Kentucky's Court of Appeals has read this to require notice at least 30 days before the next periodic rental date |
Written notice is mandatory — § 383.695 requires 'a written notice' for every periodic tenancy, so oral notice does not end a month-to-month tenancy in an URLTA jurisdiction. The notice must specify the termination date ('the termination date specified in the notice' / 'the periodic rental date specified in the notice'). The statute prescribes no other required contents and no reason need be stated |
Governed by the Act's notice section, § 383.560. A party gives notice 'by taking steps reasonably calculated to inform the other' (§ 383.560(3)). Notice to a tenant is received when 'delivered in hand to the tenant or mailed by registered or certified mail to him at the place held out by him as the place for receipt of the communication, or in the absence of such designation, to his last known place of residence' (§ 383.560(3)(c)); notice to a landlord is received when delivered in writing at, or certified-mailed to, the landlord's place of business or held-out address (§ 383.560(3)(b)). The statute does not authorize posting on the door for this notice |
The 30-day period is a floor the lease cannot cut in an URLTA jurisdiction. A rental agreement 'may not provide that the tenant … [a]grees to waive or forego rights or remedies under KRS 383.505 to 383.715,' and any such provision 'is unenforceable' (§ 383.570(1)(a), (2)). The Act contains no option to agree to a shorter notice period. Outside an adopting jurisdiction the parties are free to set their own period by lease |
No statewide just-cause law. Kentucky does not bar a no-cause termination of a month-to-month tenancy: a timely, properly served 30-day notice ends the tenancy for any reason or none, in both URLTA and non-URLTA areas. (In an adopting jurisdiction the Act separately forbids a landlord from terminating in retaliation for a tenant's complaint or code report.) If the tenant stays past the termination date, the landlord must sue for possession through a court forcible-detainer action — never a lockout — and a willful bad-faith holdover exposes the tenant to up to three months' rent or treble actual damages plus attorney's fees (§ 383.695(4)). Some cities may add local requirements |
| Louisiana verified 2026-07-15 | Louisiana civil law governs. A month-to-month tenancy is a 'lease with an indeterminate term,' which 'terminates by notice to that effect given to the other party by the party desiring to terminate the lease' (La. Civ. Code art. 2727); the timing is in art. 2728 and the form in art. 2729. Such a term often arises by 'reconduction' — a fixed-term lease that continues past its end date becomes indeterminate. Recovering possession runs through the eviction articles (La. Code Civ. Proc. art. 4701). Scope here is a no-fault termination; nonpayment (art. 2704) is outside this survey |
At least 10 calendar days before the end of the month — a distinctively short period. Article 2728 provides the notice must be given '(2) In a month-to-month lease, ten calendar days before the end of that month.' The clock is set by 'the party desiring to terminate the lease' (art. 2727), so it is the same for a landlord. A lease measured by a period longer than a month instead takes 30 days (art. 2728(1)) |
The same — at least 10 calendar days before the end of the month (art. 2728(2)), because art. 2727 lets 'the party desiring to terminate' give the notice. In addition, for a tenant, 'surrender of possession to the lessor at the time at which notice of termination shall be given under Article 2728 shall constitute notice of termination by the lessee' (art. 2729) — moving out and handing over the premises on time can itself serve as the tenant's notice |
End of the month. The 10 days is measured 'before the end of that month' (art. 2728(2)), and the notice 'terminates the lease at the end of the period specified in the notice, and, if none is specified, at the end of the first period for which the notice is timely' (art. 2728). So a notice given at least 10 days before month-end ends the lease at that month-end; a notice given too late rolls to the end of the following month |
For a home, the notice must be written. 'If the leased thing is an immovable or is a movable used as residence, the notice of termination shall be in writing' (art. 2729) — an oral notice is allowed only for non-residential leases. Article 2728 lets the notice specify a termination date; if it does not, the lease ends at the first month-end for which the notice was timely. No other particular contents are prescribed for a no-fault termination |
The Civil Code articles do not prescribe a delivery method for the termination notice, so deliver the written notice in a way that fixes the date it was given and count the 10 days back from month-end. Recovering possession is a separate step: to evict, the lessor must deliver a 'notice to vacate' allowing 'not less than five days' (La. Code Civ. Proc. art. 4701), and for an indeterminate-term lease the termination notice 'shall be considered as a notice to vacate under this Article' |
Louisiana's lease articles largely supply default rules, and the parties may agree to different terms. Most notably, a lessee 'may waive the notice requirements of this Article by written waiver contained in the lease,' letting the lessor 'immediately institute eviction proceedings' on termination (La. Code Civ. Proc. art. 4701). Absent such agreement, the 10-day termination period and the 5-day notice to vacate govern |
Louisiana has no statewide just-cause law. Article 2727 lets 'the party desiring to terminate' end an indeterminate-term lease by proper notice for any reason or none; no cause need be stated and no relocation payment is required. If the tenant does not leave, the landlord recovers possession by delivering a notice to vacate and then filing an eviction (La. Code Civ. Proc. art. 4701 et seq.). A city may add requirements on top of this state floor |
| Maine verified 2026-07-15 | 14 M.R.S. § 6002, Maine's tenancy-at-will termination statute, governs an ordinary residential month-to-month tenancy. It applies symmetrically to either party and supplies a minimum 30-day written state-law default. Fault-based 7-day termination and fixed-term expiration are outside this cell |
At least 30 days' written notice (§ 6002). If the tenant has paid rent through a date later than when 30 days would expire, the landlord's notice must expire on or after that paid-through date. Maine imposes no statewide just-cause requirement, subject to the retaliation protection in § 6001(3) |
The same minimum 30 days in writing (§ 6002). The tenant may fix the termination date in the notice, and may agree with the landlord in writing at the time of notice to use a shorter period |
Free-floating: termination occurs 'at the expiration of the time fixed in the notice' (§ 6002), so the date need not automatically align with the end of a rental period. The paid-through rule prevents a notice from cutting short a period for which rent has already been paid |
Both sides must give written notice for the purpose of termination. A landlord's § 6002 notice must advise the tenant of the right to contest the termination in court. The statute prescribes no comparable warning or form language for a tenant's ordinary 30-day notice beyond making the termination purpose and date clear |
For a landlord notice, personal service is the starting point. After at least 3 good-faith efforts to serve the tenant, the landlord may complete service only by BOTH first-class mail to the tenant's last known address AND leaving the notice at the tenant's last and usual place of abode (§ 6002). The ordinary tenant-side rule says written notice must be 'given to' the landlord but prescribes no parallel mail-plus-leaving method |
Either party may waive the 30-day period in writing when the notice is given, and 'at no other time prior to the giving of the notice' (§ 6002). Thus the lease cannot pre-waive the notice; a shorter consensual period must be agreed in writing at termination time. The parties may also use a longer notice period |
No general statewide just-cause condition: § 6002 permits either party to end a tenancy at will on the written 30-day notice without a stated cause. But an eviction filed within 6 months after specified complaints, repair requests, or assertion of statutory rights carries a rebuttable retaliation presumption under § 6001(3), and no writ of possession may issue unless the landlord rebuts it |
| Maryland verified 2026-07-15 | Md. Code, Real Property § 8-402 governs holdovers and the notice to end a periodic tenancy; subsection (c) sets the notice periods and applies to 'tenancies from month to month' among others (§ 8-402(c)(1)). Scope here is a no-fault termination; nonpayment (a separate rent-court process) and breach-of-lease terminations are not covered. Note two locality carve-outs in the statute: the tenant-notice paragraph does not apply in Baltimore City (§ 8-402(c)(3)(ii)), and Montgomery County and Baltimore City are excluded from the foreclosure-notice paragraph (§ 8-402(c)(4)) |
60 days. A landlord 'shall provide written notice of the intent to terminate a tenancy ... [i]f the parties have a written lease for a stated term in excess of 1 week or a tenancy from month to month, 60 days before the expiration of the tenancy' (§ 8-402(c)(2)(i)). This is longer than the 30-day landlord clock common in many states — Maryland requires a full 60 days |
30 days — half the landlord's clock. A tenant gives notice 'at least 30 days before the expiration of the lease or tenancy in all cases except in cases of tenancies from year to year' (§ 8-402(c)(3)(i)). So Maryland is asymmetric: landlord 60 days, tenant 30 days. Uniquely, a tenant's notice may be given 'by parol' (orally), and proof of it relieves the landlord of giving written notice (§ 8-402(c)(3)(i)) — but this tenant paragraph 'shall not apply in Baltimore City' (§ 8-402(c)(3)(ii)) |
End-of-period. The notice runs 'before the expiration of the tenancy' (§ 8-402(c)(2)) / 'before the expiration of the lease or tenancy' (§ 8-402(c)(3)), so it is counted back from the end of a monthly rental period, not forward as a floating count. A landlord must serve the 60-day notice at least 60 days before the monthly period on which the tenancy is to end; a tenant, 30 days before that period's end. Miss the window and the termination moves to a later period |
The landlord's notice must be written — 'written notice of the intent to terminate a tenancy' (§ 8-402(c)(2)). The tenant's notice need not be: it may be given 'by parol' (orally), proven 'by competent testimony' (§ 8-402(c)(3)(i)) — outside Baltimore City. Beyond stating the intent to terminate and the end date, the statute prescribes no particular language for a no-cause termination |
Section 8-402 requires the landlord's termination notice to be in writing (§ 8-402(c)(2)) but does not fix a delivery method for that pre-suit notice. The statute's detailed service rules govern the later court summons if the tenant holds over: a constable or sheriff serves it on the property or the tenant's agent, or — if the tenant cannot be found — affixes it conspicuously to the property, and 'after notice ... by first-class mail, the affixing of the summons on the property shall be conclusively presumed to be a sufficient service' (§ 8-402(b)(1)(ii)) |
The 60-day and 30-day periods are set by statute as the landlord's and tenant's obligations. Section 8-402 does not authorize a landlord to shorten the 60-day tenant protection by lease. Two related rules: accepting rent after notice 'shall not operate as a waiver of any notice to quit ... unless the parties specifically otherwise agree in writing' (§ 8-402(c)(5)(i)); and a holdover with the landlord's consent becomes a month-to-month tenancy 'unless stated otherwise in the written lease and initialed by the tenant' (§ 8-402(d)) |
Maryland has no statewide just-cause law: a month-to-month tenancy may be ended for any reason or none on the required notice. If the tenant holds over, the landlord recovers possession by a complaint in the District Court, which issues a summons and, on finding the tenancy ended and notice given, enters judgment for restitution of possession (§ 8-402(b)(1)-(2)). Some counties and Baltimore City have their own tenant-protection rules — reflected in the statute's own Baltimore City and Montgomery County carve-outs — so check local law |
| Massachusetts verified 2026-07-15 | A Massachusetts month-to-month rental is a 'tenancy at will' (an 'estate at will'), and G.L. c. 186, § 12 governs ending it. Section 12 sets a three-months' notice default but reduces it for rent paid at shorter periods. Scope here is a no-fault termination of a residential tenancy at will; the separate 14-day nonpayment notice-to-quit in the same section, and lease-breach terminations, follow different rules |
For a monthly tenancy, the notice 'shall be sufficient if it is equal to the interval between the days of payment or thirty days, whichever is longer' (§ 12). Rent paid monthly means one full rental interval — in practice at least 30 days, and longer if a month between the tenant's rent days runs 31 days. (The section's three-months' default applies only where rent is reserved at periods of three months or more.) |
The same as the landlord's. Section 12 says an estate at will 'may be determined by either party' on the stated notice, so the clock is symmetric: a tenant gives one full rental interval or 30 days, whichever is longer — the identical figure the landlord must give |
The statute measures the notice by 'the interval between the days of payment,' tying it to rent-payment days (§ 12). For a monthly tenancy that is one full rental interval (and never fewer than 30 days). A tenant who pays on the first and gives notice must let a full rent interval run to the next payment day; a notice that is too short to cover a full interval does not end the tenancy on the date named. Any partial-period rent is handled as the tenancy agreement provides |
Written notice, always — the estate 'may be determined ... by three months' notice in writing' (or the shorter monthly-interval period) (§ 12). For a no-fault termination the statute prescribes no magic language. It expressly allows the notice to 'include an offer to establish a new tenancy for the same premises on terms different from that of the tenancy being terminated,' and says that offer does not affect the notice's validity (§ 12). The required nonpayment-cure notification language applies only to a 14-day notice for unpaid rent, not to a no-cause termination |
Section 12 requires the notice be 'in writing ... given to the other party' but prescribes no particular method of delivery or a deemed-receipt rule. Because a landlord who later sues for possession must prove the notice reached the tenant, notices are commonly served by a constable or sheriff or sent so receipt can be shown; absent a statutory method, delivery follows the tenancy agreement and general law. Confirm proper service before relying on a termination date |
Section 12 fixes the notice period by statute — one full rental interval or 30 days, whichever is longer, for a monthly tenancy — and contains no provision allowing the parties to shorten it; treat that figure as the floor for a tenancy at will. A written agreement can, of course, create a fixed-term lease instead of a tenancy at will, which then ends on its own terms rather than under § 12 |
Massachusetts has no statewide just-cause law for ending a tenancy at will. Under § 12 either party may end the tenancy on the required notice for any reason or none; the statute requires no stated cause and no relocation payment. If the tenant does not leave, the landlord must bring a summary-process (eviction) action in court to recover possession — self-help lockouts are barred. Some Massachusetts cities have their own tenant-protection ordinances that can add requirements on top of this state floor |
| Michigan verified 2026-07-15 | Mich. Comp. Laws § 554.134 (Revised Statutes of 1846, ch. 66) governs terminating a tenancy at will or by sufferance — the category a month-to-month rental falls into under Michigan law. Either party ends it on one month's notice, reduced to the rent interval if rent is paid more often than every three months (§ 554.134(1)). Service methods come from the summary-proceedings statute, § 600.5718. There is no statewide just-cause law. Scope here is a no-fault termination; the written 7-day nonpayment notice and 24-hour drug notice in § 554.134(2) and (4) are separate and out of scope |
One month. 'An estate at will or by sufferance may be terminated by either party by giving 1 month's notice' (§ 554.134(1)); if rent is paid more often than quarterly, the notice need only equal the interval between payments — so one month for a monthly tenancy, one week for a weekly one. No occupancy-length tier and no longer landlord-only clock under state law |
One month — symmetric. Section 554.134(1) lets 'either party' terminate on the same notice, so the tenant's clock equals the landlord's one month (or the shorter rent interval). A tenant may leave for any reason on that notice |
Free-floating, and Michigan says so in the text: 'Notice is not void because it states a day for the termination of the tenancy that does not correspond to the conclusion or commencement of a rental period,' and 'the notice terminates the tenancy at the end of a period equal in length to the interval between times of payment' (§ 554.134(1)). So the tenancy ends one full month after the notice takes effect, wherever that falls in the rent cycle — the end date need not be the last day of the month |
Section 554.134(1) requires 'notice' but, unlike the written 7-day and 24-hour notices in subsections (2) and (4), does not prescribe a form or any mandatory contents, and it confirms a notice is not void merely because the stated end day does not line up with a rental period. Put the notice in writing and name the intended end date — a written notice is standard and what the service statute assumes — but no particular wording is required |
The summary-proceedings statute supplies the methods. Under § 600.5718 the notice may be served by personal delivery to the person in possession; by leaving it on the premises with a household member or employee of suitable age and discretion, with a request that it be passed on; by first-class mail (in which case service is dated 'the next regular day for delivery of mail after the day when it was mailed'); or by electronic service if the tenant has consented to it in writing |
Section 554.134 sets a default and has no anti-waiver clause. A lease may fix its own notice period — 60 days is common — and that term controls; the one-month interval rule governs only where the lease does not say otherwise. Because the statute states a default rather than an unwaivable minimum, read the lease first |
None statewide today. Michigan has no just-cause termination law; under § 554.134(1) either party may end a month-to-month tenancy for any reason with a proper one-month notice, subject only to anti-discrimination and anti-retaliation law. A 2025 bill (HB 4985, tie-barred to HB 4982) would add 'good cause' grounds for terminating a tenancy, but it is in committee and not law. Local ordinances may add requirements |
| Minnesota verified 2026-07-15 | A Minnesota month-to-month tenancy is a 'tenancy at will' — 'a tenancy in which the tenant holds possession by permission of the landlord but without a fixed ending date' (Minn. Stat. § 504B.001, subd. 13). No-fault termination by either side is governed by Minn. Stat. § 504B.135. Nonpayment and lease-breach terminations run under the eviction provisions of chapter 504B and are outside this survey |
Written notice at least as long as one rent period. Section 504B.135 requires 'notice in writing,' and 'the time of the notice must be at least as long as the interval between the time rent is due or three months, whichever is less.' For a month-to-month tenancy the interval is one month, and one month is less than three — so at least one month's written notice. There is no occupancy-length tier and no longer landlord-only clock |
The same — at least one month's written notice. Section 504B.135 sets one rule for 'either party,' so the tenant's clock mirrors the landlord's: one rent interval (one month for a monthly tenancy), or three months, whichever is less. Symmetric |
The statute fixes the notice LENGTH — at least one interval — and keys it to 'the interval between the time rent is due,' so the notice must cover a full rental period. Section 504B.135 does not name a specific end date, but because the required period is measured by the rent interval, a month-to-month notice is customarily made effective on a rent-due date and must run a complete month; a notice that leaves less than a full interval before the intended end date is short. Give at least one full rent-to-rent period |
Written. Section 504B.135 requires the termination be 'by giving notice in writing.' Beyond writing and communicating the intent to end the tenancy, the statute prescribes no particular form or required language for a no-fault termination of a tenancy at will; state the intended termination date so the one-interval period can be measured |
Section 504B.135 requires written notice but does not prescribe how it must be delivered — there is no statutory service method for a notice ending a tenancy at will (unlike the separate rules for an eviction action). Deliver the written notice in a way that establishes when the other party received it, and measure the one-month period from that point |
Section 504B.135 sets a floor — 'at least as long as' one interval (or three months, whichever is less) — so treat one month as the minimum for a monthly tenancy at will; the statute does not authorize cutting it shorter. Parties who want different timing typically sign a written fixed-term lease, which ends on its own terms rather than under § 504B.135. A lease may require a longer notice |
Minnesota has no statewide just-cause law. Section 504B.135 lets 'either party' end a tenancy at will by proper written notice for any reason or none; no cause need be stated and no relocation payment is required. If the tenant stays past the termination date, the landlord recovers possession through a court eviction under chapter 504B. Some Minnesota cities have adopted their own tenant-protection or notice ordinances, so check local law for the specific address |
| Mississippi verified 2026-07-15 | Miss. Code § 89-8-19, the periodic-tenancy termination section of the Mississippi Residential Landlord and Tenant Act (§§ 89-8-1 et seq.). It applies to residential rental agreements (§ 89-8-3). Where the agreement fixes no definite term, the tenancy is week-to-week for a weekly-rent tenant and month-to-month in all other cases (§ 89-8-19(1)). Mississippi has no statewide just-cause law. This cell states the state-law floor. (Section 89-8-19 was left unchanged by the 2025 amendments to the Act.) |
At least 30 days for a month-to-month tenancy. 'The landlord or the tenant may terminate a month-to-month tenancy by a written notice given to the other at least thirty (30) days prior to the termination date' (§ 89-8-19(3)). A week-to-week tenancy takes at least 7 days (§ 89-8-19(2)). No reason is required. (Notice is not required at all where a party has committed a substantial violation of the lease or the Act that materially affects health or safety — a cause exception, § 89-8-19(4).) |
The same 30 days — the clock is symmetric. Section 89-8-19(3) names 'the landlord or the tenant' interchangeably, so a tenant ends a month-to-month tenancy on the same 30 days' written notice a landlord must give (7 days for week-to-week, § 89-8-19(2)). Neither side owes more than the other |
Counted back from the termination date, and free-floating — the end date is any date at least 30 days out, not tied to a rent-period boundary. The 30 days run 'prior to the termination date' (§ 89-8-19(3)). So pick an end date and make sure the written notice reaches the other side at least 30 days before it; Mississippi does not require the date to be the first or last of a rental month |
Written notice is mandatory — § 89-8-19(2)-(3) require 'a written notice' / 'written notice' for each periodic tenancy, so an oral notice does not terminate it. The statute prescribes no particular contents beyond writing and the intended termination date, and no stated reason for a no-cause termination. One carve-out: no termination notice is required where the other party 'has committed a substantial violation of the rental agreement or this chapter that materially affects health or safety' (§ 89-8-19(4)) |
The statute requires only a 'written notice given to the other' (§ 89-8-19(2)-(3)) and prescribes no particular method or manner of service for a no-fault periodic-tenancy notice; delivery follows the lease and general law. Because the 30 days run before the termination date, use a method that proves delivery and its date — personal delivery or certified mail — so the timing can be shown |
The 30-day and 7-day periods are minimums — the statute requires 'at least' that much notice (§ 89-8-19(2)-(3)) — so a lease may require longer notice but not less than the statutory floor, and the Act provides no shorter alternative. The statute does not itself set a mechanism to shorten or waive the period, so the floor stands |
No statewide just-cause law. A timely, properly given 30-day notice ends the tenancy for any reason or none (subject to federal and state fair-housing law). Ending the tenancy on paper does not remove the tenant: if the tenant fails to vacate, the landlord commences an eviction proceeding — Section 89-8-31(b) authorizes eviction 'for failing to vacate after the termination or expiration of the rental agreement pursuant to Sections 89-8-17 and 89-8-19.' The remedy is a court eviction, not a self-help lockout. Some cities may add local requirements |
| Missouri verified 2026-07-15 | RSMo § 441.060 governs ending a Missouri month-to-month tenancy. Subsection 3 makes an unwritten (oral) lease of a building a tenancy from month to month terminable by 'either party' on one month's written notice; subsection 4(1) states the modern rule for any month-to-month tenancy. Scope here is an ordinary no-fault termination; the separate 60-day rule for a mobile home on a leased lot (§ 441.060.4(2)) is outside this survey, as are nonpayment and lease-breach evictions |
One month's written notice. 'The landlord or the tenant may terminate a month-to-month tenancy by a written notice given to the other party stating that the tenancy shall terminate upon a periodic rent-paying date not less than one month after the receipt of the notice' (§ 441.060.4(1)). There is no longer landlord-only clock and no occupancy-length tier for an ordinary rental |
One month's written notice — the same as the landlord's. Section 441.060.4(1) speaks of 'the landlord or the tenant' alike, and subsection 3 lets 'either party' end an oral month-to-month tenancy on 'one month's notice, in writing.' The clock is symmetric |
Measured from receipt, ending on a rent day. The notice must state 'that the tenancy shall terminate upon a periodic rent-paying date not less than one month after the receipt of the notice' (§ 441.060.4(1)). So the one month runs from when the other side RECEIVES the notice, and the termination date must fall on a periodic rent-paying date — not a random day. A notice received mid-month sets the end date at the first qualifying rent date that is at least a full month out |
Written notice, always ('a written notice,' § 441.060.4(1); 'one month's notice, in writing,' § 441.060.3). The statute makes the termination date a required content: the notice must state that the tenancy 'shall terminate upon a periodic rent-paying date not less than one month after the receipt of the notice' (§ 441.060.4(1)). A subsection-1 notice must require 'the person in possession to vacate the premises.' No other magic language is prescribed for a no-cause termination |
The statute keys the clock to the other party's RECEIPT: the tenancy terminates on a rent date 'not less than one month after the receipt of the notice' (§ 441.060.4(1)). Section 441.060 does not prescribe a particular delivery method, so serve the written notice in a way that establishes when it was received, and count the month from that receipt date rather than from the day you sent it |
Section 441.060 sets one month as the notice for a month-to-month tenancy and does not itself authorize the parties to shorten it, so treat one month as the floor for an ordinary rental. A written, signed lease can instead create a fixed term (subsection 3's month-to-month default applies to leases 'not made in writing'), which then ends on its own terms. (In the narrow mobile-home-lot case the 60-day landlord notice applies 'notwithstanding any written lease provision ... to the contrary' (§ 441.060.4(2)) — but that situation is outside this survey.) |
Missouri has no statewide just-cause law. Under § 441.060 either party may end a month-to-month tenancy on one month's written notice for any reason or none; the statute requires no stated cause and no relocation payment. If the tenant does not leave, the landlord recovers possession through a court eviction action (rent-and-possession or unlawful-detainer); § 441.060.5 sets out how a possession judgment is enforced. A city or county may layer additional requirements on top of this state floor |
| Montana verified 2026-07-15 | Montana Residential Landlord and Tenant Act, Mont. Code Ann. Title 70, ch. 24; § 70-24-441 governs ordinary periodic-tenancy termination, § 70-24-108 defines notice, § 70-24-202 bars lease waivers, and § 70-24-431 prohibits retaliation. This cell states the state-law floor for an ordinary residential month-to-month tenancy |
At least 30 days' written notice before the termination date designated in the notice (§ 70-24-441(2)). No occupancy-length tier or stated reason is required under the ordinary state-law rule |
The same minimum 30 days in writing (§ 70-24-441(2)). The statute applies symmetrically to 'the landlord or the tenant' |
Free-floating. The tenancy terminates on the designated date 'without regard to the expiration of the period' for which rent is paid (§ 70-24-441(3)). Unless otherwise agreed, rent is uniformly apportioned day by day, so a mid-cycle termination ordinarily produces prorated rent |
Written notice is mandatory and must designate the termination date (§ 70-24-441(2)). The statute prescribes no additional statewide wording, cause statement, or form for an ordinary no-cause month-to-month termination |
Notice may be delivered in hand; sent by certificate of mailing or certified mail to the designated or last-known address, deemed served 3 days after mailing; or emailed to an address voluntarily provided in the rental agreement, complete on a system-generated read receipt or a nonautomatic reply (§ 70-24-108). The lease cannot require an email address (§ 70-24-202(4)) |
A rental agreement may not make either party waive or forego Chapter 70 rights or remedies (§ 70-24-202(1)), so it cannot eliminate or shorten the 30-day written-notice protection. Section 70-24-441(3) does expressly let the parties agree to a rent-apportionment method other than the default day-by-day proration |
No general statewide just-cause condition: § 70-24-441 lets either side terminate on the 30-day written notice without requiring a reason. But § 70-24-431 bars possession actions in retaliation for specified health-and-safety complaints or tenant organizing, gives the tenant a defense, and creates a rebuttable presumption from a qualifying complaint within the prior 6 months, subject to listed exceptions |
| Nebraska verified 2026-07-15 | Neb. Rev. Stat. § 76-1437, the periodic-tenancy termination section of the Nebraska Uniform Residential Landlord and Tenant Act (§§ 76-1401 to 76-1449). It applies statewide to residential rental agreements. Nebraska has no statewide just-cause law. This cell states the state-law floor. (Enacted by Laws 1974, LB 293, § 37; not amended since.) |
At least 30 days for a month-to-month tenancy. 'The landlord or the tenant may terminate a month-to-month tenancy by a written notice given to the other at least thirty days prior to the periodic rental date specified in the notice' (§ 76-1437(2)). A week-to-week tenancy takes at least 7 days (§ 76-1437(1)). No reason is required. Note the end date must be a periodic rental date, so a notice given fewer than 30 days before the next rental date takes effect on the following one |
The same 30 days — the clock is symmetric. Section 76-1437(2) names 'the landlord or the tenant' interchangeably, so a tenant ends a month-to-month tenancy on the same 30 days' written notice a landlord must give (7 days for week-to-week, § 76-1437(1)). Neither side owes more than the other |
The end date must be a 'periodic rental date' — the day rent comes due — and the notice must be given 'at least thirty days prior' to it (§ 76-1437(2)). So this is not a free-floating 'any day 30 days out' rule: count back 30 days from a rent date, and if you cannot give a full 30 days before the next rent date, the termination takes effect on the following rent date. Pick the rental date you want to end on and make sure the written notice reaches the other side at least 30 days before it |
Written notice is mandatory — § 76-1437 requires 'a written notice' for both week-to-week and month-to-month terminations, so an oral notice does not end the tenancy. The notice must identify the periodic rental date on which the tenancy will end ('the periodic rental date specified in the notice'). The statute prescribes no other required language and no stated reason for a no-cause termination |
The statute requires only a 'written notice given to the other' (§ 76-1437) and prescribes no particular method or manner of service for a no-fault periodic-tenancy notice; delivery follows the rental agreement and general law. Because the 30 days run before the chosen periodic rental date, use a method that proves delivery and its date — personal delivery or certified mail — so the timing can be shown |
The 30-day and 7-day periods are floors — the statute requires 'at least' that much notice (§ 76-1437(1)-(2)) — so a lease may require longer notice but not less. And the period cannot be signed away: Neb. Rev. Stat. § 76-1415(1) bars any rental-agreement term by which the tenant agrees to 'waive or to forego rights or remedies under the Uniform Residential Landlord and Tenant Act,' any such provision 'is unenforceable' (§ 76-1415(2)), and a landlord who deliberately uses a prohibited provision owes the tenant actual damages and reasonable attorney's fees |
No statewide just-cause law. A timely, properly given notice ends a month-to-month tenancy for any reason or none (subject to federal and state fair-housing law). Ending the tenancy on paper does not remove the tenant: if the tenant holds over without the landlord's consent, 'the landlord may bring an action for possession,' and where 'the tenant's holdover is willful and not in good faith the landlord, in addition, may recover an amount not more than three months' periodic rent or threefold the actual damages sustained by him, whichever is greater, and reasonable attorney's fees' (§ 76-1437(3)). The remedy is a court action, not a self-help lockout. Some cities may add local requirements |
| Nevada verified 2026-07-15 | Nevada Revised Statutes § 40.251, the no-cause unlawful-detainer section (NRS ch. 40, summary proceedings for possession). Nevada frames periodic-tenancy termination from the landlord's side: to end a month-to-month tenancy with no cause, the landlord serves a notice to surrender giving at least 30 days. Service must be by a sheriff, constable, licensed process server, or attorney's agent (§ 40.280) — not the landlord personally. Applies statewide; no just-cause law. Mobile-home-park lots and post-foreclosure occupants use separate rules. This cell states the state-law floor. (Current through the 2025 session per the code's revision banner.) |
At least 30 days for a month-to-month tenancy — and for any periodic tenancy other than week-to-week. A holding-over tenant is in unlawful detainer where the landlord served a notice to surrender giving, '(2) Except as otherwise provided in subsection 2, for all other periodic tenancies, at least 30 days' (§ 40.251(1)); a week-to-week tenancy takes 'at least 7 days' and a tenancy at will 'at least 5 days.' A tenant 60 or older or with a disability may request 30 more days (see the just-cause column). No reason is required |
Not fixed by statute. NRS 40.251 sets only the landlord's no-cause notice to surrender; it prescribes no notice period for a tenant ending a month-to-month tenancy. A tenant's notice is therefore governed by the lease and common law, not by a Nevada statute — commonly a full rental period (30 days) to avoid owing the next month's rent. The 30-day figure above is the landlord's, not a symmetric both-ways clock |
Counted from service, and free-floating — the notice sets a surrender date at least 30 days after service, not tied to a rent-period boundary. The statute measures by 'at least 30 days' of notice (§ 40.251(1)), and Nevada's official no-cause forms require the tenant 'to surrender the premises within thirty (30) calendar days ... following the Date of Service.' Because a licensed server must serve it and file proof, the 30 days run from that served date. If the tenant holds over, the landlord then serves a 5-day notice to quit for unlawful detainer (§ 40.254) before a court removal order issues |
A written notice to surrender stating the surrender date (at least 30 days out). For a month-to-month or other non-weekly periodic tenancy, Nevada's official no-cause notice also informs a tenant who is 60 or older or has a physical or mental disability of the right to request an additional 30 days with proof (§ 40.251(2)). The statute requires no stated reason for a no-cause termination; court rules require the notice to be legible and unaltered |
Distinctive: the landlord cannot serve the notice. 'The notices required by NRS 40.251 to 40.260, inclusive, must be served by the sheriff, a constable, a person who is licensed as a process server ... or the agent of an attorney licensed to practice in this State' (§ 40.280(1)). The server delivers it to the tenant personally where possible, with substituted delivery plus mailing, or posting plus mailing, as fallbacks, and files proof of service before any removal order can issue (§ 40.280(4)). A landlord who serves it personally has not made valid service |
The statutory periods are a floor the lease cannot cut. '(1) It is unlawful for a landlord to attempt by contract or other agreement to shorten the specified periods of notice and any such contract or agreement is void' (§ 40.252). A lease may provide a longer notice, but any provision shortening the 30-day (or 7-day or 5-day) period is unenforceable |
No statewide just-cause law. A properly served 30-day no-cause notice ends a month-to-month tenancy for any reason or none (subject to fair-housing and NRS ch. 118A retaliation limits). Two consequences matter. First, a tenant 60 or older or with a physical or mental disability (non-weekly tenancy) 'may request to be allowed to continue in possession for an additional 30 days' with a written request and proof (§ 40.251(2)); if the landlord refuses, the tenant 'may petition the court' (§ 40.251(6)). Second, removal is a court process — after the notice expires the landlord serves a 5-day unlawful-detainer notice (§ 40.254) and obtains a court removal order (§ 40.280(4)); a landlord cannot lock the tenant out. Some cities may add local requirements |
| New Hampshire verified 2026-07-15 | RSA ch. 540 governs residential tenancy termination. Sections 540:1-a and 540:2 split property into 'nonrestricted' rentals, where a landlord may terminate without cause, and 'restricted' rentals, where a landlord may terminate only for a listed good-cause ground. RSA 540:11 separately governs a tenant's month-to-month notice |
30 days' written eviction notice (§§ 540:2-540:3). For nonrestricted property, the landlord may terminate without cause. For restricted property — most residential rentals — 30 days is only the clock; the landlord must also have a § 540:2, II ground such as nonpayment, a material lease breach, health/safety conduct, or other good cause |
30 days' written notice (§ 540:11, I-II). The tenant's right does not depend on whether the property is restricted or nonrestricted. If the named termination date is not a rent-due date, the tenant remains responsible for rent through the next rent-due date unless the lease provides otherwise |
The tenancy may terminate on a date 30 days after notice; § 540:11 expressly contemplates a tenant date that does not coincide with the rent-due date. But a tenant choosing a mid-cycle date generally owes rent for the rest of that rental month through the next rent-due date, unless the lease changes that rent-liability rule |
Written notice is required from either side (§§ 540:2, 540:11). A landlord's eviction notice must state the reason with specificity and contain the information requested on the district court's form (§§ 540:3, III; 540:5, II). A restricted-property notice must identify a valid good-cause ground. Section 540:11 prescribes no comparable form fields for a tenant beyond written termination notice |
Section 540:11, I requires the tenant to give notice 'in the same manner as the lessor.' Under § 540:5, a notice may be served by any person, personally or by leaving it at the recipient's last and usual place of abode; proof uses a true and attested copy plus an affidavit of service, which need not be sworn |
The lease may change the tenant's rent-through-next-due-date consequence: § 540:11, II applies it 'unless the terms of the lease provide otherwise.' The statutes do not expressly authorize shortening the 30-day residential notice, and a landlord cannot contract around the restricted-property good-cause requirement or the statutory notice/form/service rules |
Statewide good cause applies to 'restricted property,' meaning residential property other than the listed small-owner, owner-occupied, and foreclosure categories (§ 540:1-a). A restricted-property landlord may terminate 'only for' a § 540:2, II reason; 'other good cause' includes a legitimate business or economic reason (§ 540:2, V). Nonrestricted property is exempt and may be ended without cause on 30 days' notice |
| New Jersey verified 2026-07-15 | Two regimes decide the answer. For most residential rentals the Anti-Eviction Act (N.J.S.A. 2A:18-61.1) bars a landlord from removing a tenant except on an enumerated 'good cause,' with the written-notice period for each ground set by § 2A:18-61.2 — so a covered month-to-month tenancy has NO no-cause termination. Only tenancies the Act does not cover — chiefly owner-occupied premises with not more than two rental units, and hotel/motel/transient/seasonal rentals — fall under the older dispossess statute (§§ 2A:18-53, 2A:18-56), which allows a no-reason one-month notice to quit. Scope here is a no-fault termination |
For a COVERED tenancy there is no no-cause option — the landlord must establish a statutory ground and give its notice; the nearest no-fault grounds carry long clocks: two months to hand a unit to an owner-occupier buyer, 18 months to permanently retire the building from residential use, and three years for a condominium or cooperative conversion (§ 2A:18-61.2(f), (d), (g)). For a tenancy NOT covered by the Act, one month's notice to quit ends a month-to-month tenancy with no reason required (§ 2A:18-56(b)) |
One month. A month-to-month tenant may end the tenancy on one month's notice — the period the dispossess statute fixes for a month-to-month tenancy (§ 2A:18-56(b)) — and needs no reason: the Anti-Eviction Act's good-cause bar restrains landlords, not tenants |
For the no-cause path, § 2A:18-56 requires a full one month's notice to quit; the statute fixes the length but not, in its text, a calendar-aligned end date, so count a complete month and, to be safe, set the end date at the end of a rental period. For a covered tenancy the tenancy does not end on the notice date at all — the ground's notice must run, then the landlord must win a judgment for possession and a warrant of removal in the Special Civil Part |
Written, under both regimes. A covered-tenancy notice 'shall specify in detail the cause of the termination of the tenancy' (§ 2A:18-61.2) — a notice that states no valid statutory ground is defective. A non-covered holdover notice must be a 'written notice ... for delivery of possession' (§ 2A:18-53(a)). Because a no-cause notice to a covered tenant states no valid ground, it is a legal nullity |
For a covered tenancy the § 2A:18-61.2 notice must be served 'either personally upon the tenant ... or by leaving a copy thereof at his usual place of abode with some member of his family above the age of 14 years, or by certified mail; if the certified letter is not claimed, notice shall be sent by regular mail.' A non-covered holdover notice under § 2A:18-53(a) is served personally or left at the usual abode with a family member above 14 |
The Act's protections cannot be signed away: 'Any provision in a lease whereby any tenant covered by section 2 of this act agrees that his tenancy may be terminated or not renewed for other than good cause ..., or whereby the tenant waives any other rights under this act shall be deemed against public policy and unenforceable' (§ 2A:18-61.4). So a lease clause purporting to allow a no-cause termination of a covered tenancy is void. For a non-covered tenancy the lease may set its own notice period |
New Jersey has one of the country's broadest just-cause laws. For a covered tenancy a landlord may not remove a tenant 'except upon establishment of one of the following grounds as good cause' — an enumerated list running from nonpayment and disorderly conduct through owner personal occupancy, permanent retirement, and conversion (§ 2A:18-61.1(a)-(r)). A bare no-cause notice establishes no ground and cannot support a judgment of possession. Coverage is broad: the Act reaches all residential tenancies EXCEPT owner-occupied premises with not more than two rental units and hotel/motel/transient/seasonal rentals (§ 2A:18-61.1). Local ordinances may add more |
| New Mexico verified 2026-07-15 | NMSA 1978, § 47-8-37, the notice-of-termination section of the New Mexico Uniform Owner-Resident Relations Act (§§ 47-8-1 to 47-8-52). It applies statewide to residential rental agreements and uses 'owner' and 'resident' for landlord and tenant. New Mexico has no statewide just-cause law. This cell states the state-law floor. (Enacted by Laws 1975, ch. 38, § 37; not amended since.) |
At least 30 days for a month-to-month residency. 'The owner or the resident may terminate a month-to-month residency by a written notice given to the other at least thirty days prior to the periodic rental date specified in the notice' (§ 47-8-37(B)). A week-to-week residency takes at least 7 days (§ 47-8-37(A)). No reason is required. Because the end date must be a periodic rental date, a notice given fewer than 30 days before the next rental date takes effect at the end of the following period |
The same 30 days — the clock is symmetric. Section 47-8-37(B) names 'the owner or the resident' interchangeably, so a resident ends a month-to-month residency on the same 30 days' written notice an owner must give (7 days for week-to-week, § 47-8-37(A)). A resident who moves out on short notice still owes rent through the next rental date (Bruce v. Attaway) |
The end date is keyed to the 'periodic rental date' — the day rent comes due — with the notice given 'at least thirty days prior' to it (§ 47-8-37(B)). This is not a free-floating 'any day 30 days out' rule. The New Mexico Supreme Court has held that a notice giving less than the required 30 days is not void but 'only took effect at the end of [the] rental period following [the] thirty-day interval' (T.W.I.W., Inc. v. Rhudy, 96 N.M. 354 (1981)) — so a late notice simply rolls the move-out to the next rent date, and the resident owes rent until then |
Written notice is mandatory — § 47-8-37 requires 'a written notice' for both week-to-week and month-to-month terminations, so an oral notice does not end the residency. The notice must identify the periodic rental date on which the residency will end ('the periodic rental date specified in the notice'). New Mexico courts also require the notice to be definite enough to make clear the sender wants the other to vacate (T.W.I.W. v. Rhudy). The statute prescribes no stated reason for a no-cause termination |
The statute requires a 'written notice given to the other' (§ 47-8-37); the Act's separate service-of-notice section (§ 47-8-13) governs how notices are delivered, and general law otherwise applies. The statute sets no receipt-adds-days rule for this notice. Because the 30 days run before the chosen periodic rental date, use a method that proves delivery and its date — personal delivery or certified mail with a return receipt |
The 30-day and 7-day periods are floors — the statute requires 'at least' that much notice (§ 47-8-37(A)-(B)) — so a lease may require longer notice but not less. And the period cannot be signed away: NMSA 1978, § 47-8-16 provides that 'no rental agreement may provide that the resident or owner agrees to waive or to forego rights or remedies under the law.' The Act's protections are a floor the lease cannot cut |
No statewide just-cause law. A timely, properly given notice ends a month-to-month residency for any reason or none (subject to federal and state fair-housing law). Ending the residency on paper does not remove the resident: if the resident holds over without the owner's consent, 'the owner may bring an action for possession and if the resident's holdover is willful and not in good faith the owner, in addition, may recover the damages sustained by him and reasonable attorney's fees' (§ 47-8-37(C)); the owner proceeds by a petition for restitution in court (§ 47-8-40 et seq.). The remedy is a court action, not a self-help lockout. Some cities may add local requirements |
| New York verified 2026-07-15 | N.Y. Real Prop. Law § 226-c sets the landlord's tiered notice for non-renewing or ending a residential tenancy; § 232-a routes New York City month-to-month terminations to those same tiers, and § 232-b governs month-to-month tenancies outside the city (the tenant's one-month notice). Overlaid on all of it is the 2024 'good cause eviction' law (Article 6-A), which § 226-c cross-references. Scope here is an ordinary residential month-to-month tenancy ended with no fault |
A sliding scale based on the tenant's cumulative occupancy (§ 226-c(2)): 'at least thirty days' notice' if the tenant has occupied under a year with no lease of a year or more; 'at least sixty days' notice' for one to two years; and 'at least ninety days' notice' for two years or more. This applies in New York City via § 232-a and statewide via § 226-c — § 232-b's one-month rule expressly does not cover a residential landlord |
About one month. Outside New York City a month-to-month tenancy 'may be terminated by the tenant ... at least one month before the expiration of the term' (§ 232-b); the § 226-c 30/60/90-day tiers bind the landlord, not the tenant, so a tenant's notice does not lengthen with occupancy. Within New York City a month-to-month tenant likewise gives about a month's notice under the general rule |
Notice must precede the end of the term by the required number of days, and short notice does not cut the tenancy off. If a landlord 'fails to provide timely notice, the occupant's lawful tenancy shall continue under the existing terms ... from the date on which the landlord gave actual written notice until the notice period has expired' (§ 226-c(1)(a)). So an under-notice termination simply rolls forward until the full 30/60/90 days run, rather than ending early or being void |
Written notice is required (§ 226-c; § 232-a requires 'a notice in writing'). For a unit covered by the good cause eviction law, § 226-c(1)(a) requires the notice to state whether the unit is subject to Article 6-A (and if exempt, why), and, if the landlord is not renewing a covered unit, 'the lawful basis for such non-renewal.' A New York City notice must state that the landlord elects to terminate and will bring summary proceedings if the tenant does not leave by the date designated (§ 232-a) |
In New York City the termination notice must be served 'in the same manner in which a notice of petition in summary proceedings is now allowed to be served by law' (§ 232-a). Section 226-c requires the notice to be in writing and treats the notice period as running from when 'the landlord gave actual written notice' (§ 226-c(1)(a)). Outside the city, a § 232-b tenant notice must be given at least one month before the term expires |
The landlord's notice cannot be waived by the lease. If timely notice is not given, the tenancy continues until the notice period expires 'notwithstanding any provision of a lease or other tenancy agreement to the contrary' (§ 226-c(1)(a)). A lease cannot shorten the 30/60/90-day landlord tiers below the statutory floor. Section 232-b adds that 'no notification shall be necessary to terminate a tenancy for a definite term' — i.e., a fixed-term lease ends on its own date |
New York enacted a 'good cause eviction' law (Real Prop. Law Article 6-A) in 2024. Section 226-c(1)(a) requires a termination or non-renewal notice for a covered unit to state 'the lawful basis for such non-renewal,' so for covered units enough days is not enough — the landlord needs a lawful ground. Whether a given unit is covered, and the many exemptions, are set by Article 6-A itself. The consequence of defective landlord notice is continuation of the tenancy until the notice period runs (§ 226-c(1)(a)), not a fixed penalty; there is no relocation-assistance requirement |
| North Carolina verified 2026-07-15 | N.C. Gen. Stat. § 42-14 ('Notice to quit in certain tenancies') fixes the notice for periodic tenancies: month-to-month is 7 days, year-to-year is one month, week-to-week is two days. There is no broader periodic-tenancy termination code and no statewide just-cause statute. Scope here is an ordinary residential month-to-month tenancy ended with no fault; the 60-day rule the same section sets for manufactured-home lot rentals is outside this survey |
7 days. A month-to-month tenancy may be terminated 'by ... a like notice of seven days' (§ 42-14) — i.e. a notice to quit given at least seven days before the end of the current rental month. No occupancy-length tier and no longer landlord-only clock; state law adds no just-cause requirement |
7 days — symmetric. Section 42-14 says the tenancy 'may be terminated by' the seven-day notice without distinguishing the parties, so the tenant's clock equals the landlord's. A tenant may end the tenancy for any reason on the same seven days' notice |
End-of-period. The seven-day notice must be given before the end of the current month of the tenancy, so the tenancy ends at the close of that rental period. A notice served with fewer than seven days left in the month cannot end that period and pushes the effective termination to the end of the following month. Count back seven days from the last day of the rental period, not forward from the day you serve |
Section 42-14 prescribes no form and no required contents — it calls only for 'a notice to quit' of the stated length and does not say it must be written or state any particular language. A written notice is strongly advisable for proof, but the statute imposes no mandatory contents |
The statute is silent on how the notice must be delivered; there is no statutory posting-and-mailing or certified-mail procedure for the § 42-14 notice to quit. Delivery therefore follows the lease and general law. (The formal service rules for a later summary-ejectment court case are separate and do not govern this pre-suit notice.) |
Section 42-14 supplies a default and contains no anti-waiver clause. A written lease commonly sets its own notice period — often 30 days — and courts enforce the agreed term; the seven-day figure governs only where the lease is silent. Because the statute states a floor for the length of notice rather than an unwaivable right, read the lease first |
None statewide. North Carolina has no just-cause termination law; under § 42-14 a landlord may end a month-to-month tenancy for any reason, or none, with a proper seven-day notice. Separate anti-discrimination and anti-retaliation rules still limit the landlord's motive, and a city could add local requirements, but no statute requires a stated cause |
| North Dakota verified 2026-07-16 | N.D. Cent. Code § 47-16-15, the lease-termination-notice section of the chapter on Leasing of Real Property (Title 47, ch. 16). It applies statewide to residential (and other) leases. North Dakota has no statewide just-cause law and preempts local rent control (§ 47-16-02.1). This cell states the state-law floor. (The period is stated as 'one calendar month,' not a flat day count.) |
At least one calendar month. For an ordinary month-to-month tenancy, 'unless the parties have otherwise agreed in writing to a longer notice period or a different notice time, either party may terminate the tenancy by giving at least one calendar month's written notice at any time' (§ 47-16-15(2)). 'One calendar month' is measured by the calendar, not a flat 30 days. No reason is required. A different rule applies to a tenancy that became month-to-month by holdover — see when termination takes effect |
The same one calendar month — the clock is symmetric. Section 47-16-15(2) names 'either party,' so a tenant ends a month-to-month tenancy on the same one calendar month's written notice a landlord must give. One exception favors the tenant: if the landlord has changed the lease terms under § 47-16-07, the tenant may instead terminate at the end of the month on at least 25 days' notice (§ 47-16-15(3)) |
Two patterns. For an ordinary month-to-month tenancy the notice may be given 'at any time' and the tenancy ends on the termination date named in it, with 'rent ... due and payable to and including the date of termination' (§ 47-16-15(2)) — a free-floating end date, prorated to that day, not forced onto the first or last of a month. But if the tenancy became month-to-month by holding over after a lease expired (a conversion under § 47-16-06 or § 47-16-06.1), 'either party may terminate the lease on the last day of a month with at least one calendar month's notice' (§ 47-16-15(5)) — an end-of-month rule. Know which kind of month-to-month you have |
Written notice is mandatory — § 47-16-15 requires 'written notice' to terminate, so an oral notice does not end the tenancy. The notice states the intended termination date. The statute prescribes no other required contents and no stated reason for a no-cause termination |
Section 47-16-15 requires a 'written notice' but does not prescribe a particular method or manner of service for a periodic-tenancy termination; delivery follows the lease and general law. Because the one-month clock runs to the termination date, use a method that proves delivery and its date — personal delivery or certified mail |
A lease may set a 'longer notice period or a different notice time' (§ 47-16-15(2)) — but not shorter than the one-calendar-month floor. North Dakota adds a consumer-protection formality: any residential-lease term requiring the tenant to give notice that 'exceeds one month from the end of a month' must state that requirement and 'provide space for the lessee to initial next to' it; if the tenant does not initial it, the tenant 'may terminate the lease on the last day of a month with at least one calendar month's notice' regardless (§ 47-16-15(4)). So a longer tenant-notice term is unenforceable unless it was separately initialed |
No statewide just-cause law. A timely, properly given notice ends a month-to-month tenancy for any reason or none (subject to fair-housing law). North Dakota also bars local rent control — 'a political subdivision may not enact, maintain, or enforce an ordinance or resolution that would have the effect of controlling the amount of rent charged' (§ 47-16-02.1) — so the state floor is largely uniform statewide. Ending the tenancy on paper does not remove a holdover tenant: the landlord's remedy is a court eviction action, not a self-help lockout. Some cities may add other local requirements |
| Ohio verified 2026-07-15 | Ohio Rev. Code § 5321.17 ('Termination of tenancy'), in the Landlords and Tenants Act (Chapter 5321). Subsection (B) governs a month-to-month tenancy and, unusually, treats landlord and tenant identically. Ohio has no statewide just-cause law layered on top. Scope: a no-fault end of a month-to-month tenancy; the section 'does not apply to a termination based on the breach of a condition of a rental agreement or the breach of a duty ... imposed by law' (§ 5321.17(D)), so for-cause removals — and the separate three-day notice to leave that precedes an eviction filing — belong to the eviction survey |
At least 30 days. 'The landlord or the tenant may terminate or fail to renew a month-to-month tenancy by notice given the other at least thirty days prior to the periodic rental date' (§ 5321.17(B)). A week-to-week tenancy takes 7 days (§ 5321.17(A)). The clock is symmetric — the landlord owes no more than the tenant — and there are no occupancy-length tiers. (A three-day termination applies only to the narrow drug-activity ground in § 5321.17(C), a for-cause exception.) |
The same 30 days. Section 5321.17(B) names 'the landlord or the tenant' together, so a tenant ending a month-to-month tenancy gives the identical notice: at least 30 days before the periodic rental date. Ohio does not give the landlord a longer clock than the tenant |
End-of-period, keyed to the 'periodic rental date.' The 30 days must run 'prior to the periodic rental date' (§ 5321.17(B)) — the day rent periodically comes due — so the tenancy ends on a rental date, not on a free-floating counted-out day. If rent is due the first of the month, the notice must be given at least 30 days before the first to end the tenancy on that date; a notice given fewer than 30 days before the next rental date pushes the termination to the following period. Count backward from the rental date, not forward from the notice |
Notice is required, but § 5321.17 does not, in its text, say it must be in writing or prescribe any contents — subsection (B) requires only 'notice given the other at least thirty days prior to the periodic rental date.' Written, dated notice is strongly advisable and is needed to prove timing, but the statutory writing requirement in Ohio's eviction chapter attaches to the separate three-day notice to leave, not to this termination notice |
Not specified by § 5321.17. The section says the notice must be 'given' to the other party at least 30 days before the periodic rental date but prescribes no method of delivery and no receipt rule, so delivery follows the lease and general law. Keep proof of when and how the notice was given — both the 30-day count and the periodic-rental-date deadline turn on that date. (The formal three-day notice to leave that starts an eviction has its own service rules; this termination notice does not.) |
The lease cannot shorten or waive it. 'No provision of this chapter may be modified or waived by any oral or written agreement except as provided in division (F)' (§ 5321.13(A)), and (F) covers only a landlord assuming a tenant's maintenance duty. Because the 30-day termination rule is a provision of Chapter 5321, a lease term cutting it below 30 days or waiving it is not recognized. A lease may require a longer notice, but the statutory 30 days is a floor, not a ceiling the lease can lower |
No statewide just-cause law. Ohio does not restrict a landlord's reason for ending a month-to-month tenancy; a timely 30-day notice needs no cause under state law. Subsection (D) confirms § 5321.17 is the no-fault route — it 'does not apply to a termination based on the breach of a condition of a rental agreement or the breach of a duty ... imposed by law.' There is no statewide just-cause rule and no relocation-payment requirement; check any local ordinance for additional requirements |
| Oklahoma verified 2026-07-15 | 41 Okla. Stat. § 111, the termination section of the Oklahoma Residential Landlord and Tenant Act (Title 41, §§ 101 et seq.). It applies statewide to residential periodic and at-will tenancies. A fixed-term lease instead expires on its ending date without notice (§ 111(C)). Oklahoma has no statewide just-cause law; this cell states the state-law floor |
At least 30 days. 'When the tenancy is month-to-month or tenancy at will, the landlord or tenant may terminate the tenancy provided the landlord or tenant gives a written notice to the other at least thirty (30) days before the date upon which the termination is to become effective' (§ 111(A)). A tenancy 'less than month-to-month' (e.g., week-to-week) takes at least 7 days (§ 111(B)). No reason is required |
The same 30 days — the clock is symmetric. Section 111(A) treats 'the landlord or tenant' identically, so a tenant ending a month-to-month tenancy gives the same 30 days' written notice a landlord must give (7 days for a less-than-monthly tenancy under § 111(B)). Neither side owes more than the other |
Counted from service, and free-floating — the end date is any date at least 30 days out, not tied to a rent-period boundary. The 30 days must fall 'before the date upon which the termination is to become effective,' and 'the thirty-day period to terminate shall begin to run from the date notice to terminate is served as provided in subsection E' (§ 111(A)). So you count 30 days forward from valid service; if service is by posting-and-mailing, the clock still starts on the service date the statute fixes |
Written notice is mandatory for every tenancy the Act covers — § 111 requires 'a written notice' in each case, so an oral notice does not terminate a month-to-month tenancy. The statute requires the notice to be in writing and to identify the effective termination date; it prescribes no particular language or stated reason for a no-cause termination |
Service is prescribed by § 111(E) and is stricter than most states. The notice 'shall be served on the tenant or landlord personally unless otherwise specified by law.' If the tenant cannot be located, it may be delivered 'to any family member of such tenant over the age of twelve (12) years residing with the tenant.' Only if neither personal nor family-member service works may the landlord post the notice 'at a conspicuous place on the dwelling unit' — and a posted notice must also be mailed to the tenant 'by certified mail or by mailing such notice through the Firm Mailing Book for Accountable Mail.' A notice to the landlord that cannot be served personally is sent by certified mail. Posting alone, without the paired mailing, is not valid service |
The statutory periods are floors: § 111(A) and (B) require 'at least' 30 or 7 days, so a lease may set a longer notice period but cannot cut below the statutory minimum, and the section provides no option to agree to a shorter period. If a landlord accepts a holdover tenant's continued occupancy, § 111(D) creates a new month-to-month tenancy 'unless the parties otherwise agree' |
No statewide just-cause law. A timely, properly served 30-day notice ends the tenancy for any reason or none; the landlord need not justify it (subject to the Act's retaliation prohibition and federal fair-housing law). If the tenant stays past the effective date, the landlord may 'immediately bring an action for possession and damages,' and a willful bad-faith holdover exposes the tenant to 'an amount not more than twice the average monthly rental, computed and prorated on a daily basis, for each month or portion thereof' the tenant remains (§ 111(D)) — enforced through a court eviction, never a self-help lockout. Some cities may add local requirements |
| Oregon verified 2026-07-15 | Or. Rev. Stat. § 90.427, part of the statewide Oregon Residential Landlord and Tenant Act (ORS ch. 90) — Oregon's rules apply statewide, not by local adoption. Since Senate Bill 608 (2019), Oregon is a just-cause state: a landlord's no-cause termination power is confined to the tenant's first year of occupancy. Manufactured-dwelling and floating-home space tenancies (ORS 90.505–90.850) follow separate rules and are outside this survey (§ 90.427(13)) |
Depends on tenure. During the 'first year of occupancy,' a landlord may end a month-to-month tenancy with 30 days' written notice and no cause (§ 90.427(3)(b)). After the first year, the landlord 'may terminate the tenancy only' for a tenant cause or a 'qualifying landlord reason,' which needs at least 90 days' notice (a 60-day track exists for a qualifying sale) and, for most landlords, a one-month relocation payment (§ 90.427(3)(c), (5), (6)). A week-to-week tenancy takes 10 days (§ 90.427(2)). Three days are added when the notice is mailed |
At least 30 days, at any time — 'the tenant may terminate the tenancy by giving the landlord notice in writing not less than 30 days prior to the date designated in the notice' (§ 90.427(3)(a)). A week-to-week tenant gives 10 days (§ 90.427(2)). The tenant's clock is a flat 30 days and never changes; only the landlord's obligations shift after the first year, so after year one the two sides are asymmetric |
Free-floating from the notice, not pinned to a rental-period boundary. Each period runs 'not less than 30 days prior to the date designated in the notice for the termination of the tenancy' (§ 90.427(3)) — the party picks the end date and counts back the required days; it need not be the last day of a rent month. A post-first-year qualifying-reason termination counts back 90 (or 60) days instead. If the notice is delivered by first class mail, three days are added to the period (ORS 90.155, 90.150) |
Written notice is required in every case (§ 90.427(2), (3)). A no-cause first-year notice needs only the termination date. A post-first-year qualifying-reason notice must do more: the landlord 'shall … [s]pecify in the termination notice the reason for the termination and supporting facts' (§ 90.427(6)(a)(A)). A notice that omits the required reason and facts is not a valid basis to terminate after the first year |
Governed by ORS 90.155. Written notice 'shall be executed by one or more of the following methods: (a) Personal delivery to the landlord or tenant' (§ 90.155(1)), or by first class mail, or by first-class-mail-and-attachment ('nail and mail') where the rental agreement provides for it in both directions. When notice is delivered by first class mail, three days are added to the notice period (ORS 90.150, 90.155) |
The statutory periods are floors, not ceilings — § 90.427 states each as 'not less than' a number of days, so a lease may require longer notice but cannot shorten it, and Oregon provides no agreed-shorter option. The just-cause structure itself cannot be contracted around: after the first year a landlord 'may terminate the tenancy only' for the listed causes or a qualifying reason (§ 90.427(3)(c)), so a lease clause purporting to allow a no-reason termination after year one is unenforceable against that mandate |
Oregon is a just-cause state (SB 608, 2019). No-cause termination by a landlord is allowed only in the tenant's first year (§ 90.427(3)(b)); after that the landlord needs a tenant cause or one of four 'qualifying landlord reasons' (§ 90.427(5)(a)): intent to demolish or convert the unit; repairs/renovations that make it 'unsafe or unfit for occupancy'; the landlord or an immediate family member moving in as a primary residence; or an accepted good-faith purchase offer from a buyer who will occupy it. Each requires at least 90 days' notice (60 days for the sale track), a statement of the reason and supporting facts, and payment of 'an amount equal to one month's periodic rent' as relocation assistance — except that this payment does not apply to a landlord who owns 'four or fewer residential dwelling units' (§ 90.427(5), (6)). A landlord who terminates in violation 'shall be liable to the tenant in an amount equal to three months' rent in addition to actual damages' (§ 90.427(9)). A narrow exemption in § 90.427(8) lets a landlord who lives on a property of two or fewer units terminate after the first year. Some cities (Portland, Eugene, Milwaukie) add longer notice or larger relocation payments |
| Pennsylvania verified 2026-07-15 | Pennsylvania's Landlord and Tenant Act of 1951 § 501 ('Notice to Quit'), 68 P.S. § 250.501. There is no separate statute fixing a periodic-tenancy notice period; a landlord ends a month-to-month tenancy by serving the § 250.501 notice to quit, which the statute frames for 'a landlord desirous of repossessing real property from a tenant.' It sets clocks by lease length, treats a month-to-month as an 'indeterminate time,' and carves out mobile-home-park lots (subsection (c), separate rules). Scope here is a no-fault end of a month-to-month tenancy; the same section's shorter clocks for lease-breach forfeiture and nonpayment run to the separate eviction survey |
15 days. Where the lease 'is for any term of one year or less or for an indeterminate time' — a month-to-month tenancy is 'indeterminate' — the notice 'shall specify that the tenant shall remove within fifteen days from the date of service thereof' (§ 250.501(b)). A lease of more than one year gets 30 days; a 10-day clock applies to nonpayment (out of scope). This is the notice a landlord must give before filing to recover possession — but subsection (e) lets the lease shorten or waive it, so it is a fallback, not a floor |
Not set by the statute. Section 250.501 speaks only of 'a landlord desirous of repossessing'; the Landlord and Tenant Act fixes no notice period for a tenant ending a month-to-month tenancy. A tenant's notice is governed by the lease, and where the lease is silent, by common law — traditionally a full rental period's (one month's) notice. Because this is not statutory, the lease terms control; confirm them |
Counted from service, not snapped to a rental period. The notice to quit makes the tenant 'remove within fifteen days from the date of service thereof' (§ 250.501(b)) — the 15 days run from the day the notice is served, and the statute does not require the removal date to fall on the first or last of a month. So a notice served on the 10th sets a removal date about the 25th, unlike states that force the end date to the end of a rental period |
Written, specifying the removal date. The landlord must 'notify, in writing, the tenant to remove' (§ 250.501(a)), and the notice must 'specify' the removal deadline (§ 250.501(b)). The statute prescribes no other mandatory contents and no particular form for a no-fault termination |
Three statutory methods. The notice 'may be served personally on the tenant, or by leaving the same at the principal building upon the premises, or by posting the same conspicuously on the leased premises' (§ 250.501(f)). The 15-day clock runs from the date of that service |
The lease can shorten or eliminate it. 'The notice above provided for may be for a lesser time or may be waived by the tenant if the lease so provides' (§ 250.501(e)). Many Pennsylvania residential leases waive the notice to quit outright, letting the landlord file for possession at the end of the term with no advance notice. Unlike the same Act's security-deposit rules (expressly non-waivable), the notice-to-quit period has no anti-waiver protection |
No statewide just-cause law. Pennsylvania does not limit a landlord's reason for ending a month-to-month tenancy; a properly served, timely notice to quit — or a lease that waives it — needs no cause under state law. Some Pennsylvania cities add their own just-cause or longer-notice ordinances on top of the state floor, so check local law. A defective notice is a defense to the landlord's recovery-of-possession action, not a source of statutory damages |
| Rhode Island verified 2026-07-15 | Rhode Island Residential Landlord and Tenant Act, R.I. Gen. Laws Title 34, ch. 18; § 34-18-37 governs periodic termination, § 34-18-56(c) supplies the required form, § 34-18-14 defines notice, § 34-18-17 bars tenant waiver, and §§ 34-18-38.2 and 34-18-46 add foreclosure just-cause and retaliation protections |
At least 30 days' written notice before the date specified in the notice (§ 34-18-37(b)). The substantially similar § 34-18-56(c) form directs termination on the first day after the current rental period ends. No reason is required for an ordinary tenancy, subject to foreclosure and retaliation protections |
The same minimum 30 days in writing (§ 34-18-37(b)). The tenant likewise should select the first day after the final rental period and deliver the notice at least 30 days before that date |
End-of-period. Section 34-18-56(c)'s statutory termination form identifies the handover date as 'the first day after the end of your current rental period.' Because § 34-18-37 requires a substantially similar form, a notice that misses the 30-day window for the current period must use the next period boundary |
Written notice in a form substantially similar to § 34-18-56(c) is required (§ 34-18-37). The landlord form identifies the tenant and premises, the handover date, the termination purpose, the duty to pay rent through that date, the possibility of eviction for holding over, and the tenant's right to raise defenses. No separate tenant-issued form is provided, but the tenant's notice must clearly state the termination and date |
Under § 34-18-14(b), notice is given by steps reasonably calculated to inform the other in the ordinary course and is received when it comes to the person's attention or is delivered in hand or sent by first-class mail to the designated receipt address or last-known residence. The 30 days must precede the specified termination date |
A rental agreement may contain lawful terms (§ 34-18-15), but it may not make the tenant waive or forego Chapter 34-18 rights; a prohibited waiver is unenforceable (§ 34-18-17). Thus a lease cannot cut the tenant's statutory 30-day protection when the landlord terminates or require the tenant to surrender the statutory right to terminate on proper notice; it may give the tenant greater protection |
No general statewide just-cause rule for ordinary periodic tenancies. Narrow exception: a foreclosing owner generally may not evict a tenant except for just cause under § 34-18-38.2. Separately, § 34-18-46 prohibits retaliatory possession actions, gives the tenant a defense and statutory remedies, and creates a six-month presumption after specified protected conduct |
| South Carolina verified 2026-07-15 | The South Carolina Residential Landlord and Tenant Act governs. S.C. Code § 27-40-770(b) fixes the month-to-month termination notice; § 27-40-310(d) makes any periodic tenancy without a fixed term month-to-month (week-to-week only for a weekly-paying roomer); § 27-40-240 defines how notice is given and received. Scope here is a no-fault termination; holdover, nonpayment, and lease-breach remedies elsewhere in the Act are outside this survey |
At least 30 days' written notice. 'The landlord or the tenant may terminate a month-to-month tenancy by a written notice given to the other at least thirty days before the termination date specified in the notice' (§ 27-40-770(b)). There is no occupancy-length tier and no longer landlord-only clock. A week-to-week tenancy instead takes at least seven days (§ 27-40-770(a)) |
The same — at least 30 days' written notice. Section 27-40-770(b) applies to 'the landlord or the tenant' alike, so the clock is symmetric: either side gives at least 30 days before the termination date it names |
Free-floating. The 30 days is measured 'before the termination date specified in the notice' (§ 27-40-770(b)) — the notice picks its own end date, and that date only has to be at least 30 days after the notice is given. Unlike some states, South Carolina does NOT require the end date to fall on a rent-due date or the last day of a rental period; count 30 days from the notice to the date you choose |
Written, and it must state a termination date. Section 27-40-770(b) requires 'a written notice' and measures the 30 days 'before the termination date specified in the notice,' so a specific end date is a necessary part of the notice. The Act prescribes no other required language for a no-fault month-to-month termination |
Governed by § 27-40-240. A party 'gives' notice 'by taking steps reasonably calculated to inform the other in ordinary course whether or not the other actually comes to know of it.' A tenant 'receives' it when delivered in hand or 'mailed by registered or certified mail' to the address the tenant holds out or the last known residence, and 'proof of mailing pursuant to this subsection constitutes notice without proof of receipt'; a landlord receives it at the business address through which the agreement was made |
The rental agreement may set the term and other conditions 'not prohibited by this chapter' (§ 27-40-310(a)), so the parties can create a fixed-term lease (which ends on its own terms) or a weekly period (7-day notice) rather than a month-to-month. Section 27-40-770(b) states the 30-day figure for a month-to-month tenancy; treat it as the governing period for that arrangement, and note a lease may require longer notice |
South Carolina has no statewide just-cause law. Section 27-40-770 lets 'the landlord or the tenant' end a month-to-month tenancy by proper written notice for any reason or none; no cause need be stated and no relocation payment is required. If the tenant holds over after termination, the landlord 'may bring an action for possession,' and may recover attorney's fees for a bad-faith holdover and up to three months' rent (or twice actual damages) plus fees for a willful violation (§ 27-40-770(c)). A city or county may add requirements on top of this state floor |
| South Dakota verified 2026-07-15 | SDCL ch. 43-32 governs leases of real property; § 43-32-15 supplies the default periodic-tenancy termination rule, while §§ 43-32-27 to -28 prohibit and remedy specified retaliatory notices to vacate. This cell states the state-law floor for an ordinary residential month-to-month tenancy |
Default: one full monthly rental period before expiration, because § 43-32-15 requires notice at least as long as the hiring term, capped at one month. The rule is symmetric and is not a flat 30-calendar-day formula |
The same default one full rental period (§ 43-32-15). The section applies when 'one of the parties' gives notice to the other, so landlord and tenant use the same clock unless the lease specifies another requirement |
End-of-period. Notice must be given at least one full rental period before the tenancy's last day (§ 43-32-15); for a month-to-month tenancy, a mid-period notice ordinarily targets the end of the following full monthly period rather than a free-floating date |
Section 43-32-15 requires 'notice' but does not itself require writing, a statutory form, a cause statement, or prescribed contents for an ordinary termination. The lease may impose written-notice or content requirements; written notice identifying the premises and final date provides proof |
No delivery method or receipt rule appears in § 43-32-15. Follow the lease's notice clause and use a method that proves delivery and timing; the statutory clock is measured backward from expiration, not by a separate mailing-adds-days rule |
The one-period rule is a default for a hiring whose term or renewal notice was not specified by the parties (§ 43-32-15). South Dakota's Attorney General states that leases can vary the termination-notice time, so the lease may set a different period or form; if it is silent, the full-rental-period default controls |
No general statewide just-cause condition. But § 43-32-27 creates a retaliation claim when a landlord gives a no-breach notice to vacate after listed good-faith code complaints, repair notice, or tenant organizing; remedies incorporate § 43-32-6's 2 months' rent plus advance rent and deposit, and the court may award attorney's fees (§ 43-32-28) |
| Tennessee verified 2026-07-15 | Tenn. Code Ann. § 66-28-512(b), part of the Uniform Residential Landlord and Tenant Act (URLTA), governs ending a month-to-month tenancy. That act 'applies only in counties having a population of more than seventy-five thousand (75,000)' (§ 66-28-102(a)) — the metro counties. In the smaller counties the act does not apply and a periodic tenancy is ended under common law. Notice mechanics come from § 66-28-106, permitted lease terms from § 66-28-201, and unwaivable tenant protections from § 66-28-203. Scope here is a no-fault termination; nonpayment and lease-breach terminations follow separate sections |
At least 30 days in a covered county. The landlord 'may terminate a month-to-month tenancy by a written notice given to the other at least thirty (30) days prior to the periodic rental date specified in the notice' (§ 66-28-512(b)). There is no longer landlord-only clock and no occupancy-length tier |
At least 30 days — the same as the landlord's. Section 66-28-512(b) applies to 'the landlord or the tenant' alike, so the clock is symmetric: a tenant gives the identical 30 days' written notice |
The termination date must be a 'periodic rental date' — the day the next rent installment comes due — and the notice must be given at least 30 days before it (§ 66-28-512(b)). For a tenancy with rent due on the first, a notice must reach the other side at least 30 days before a first-of-the-month rent date; a notice too late for the next such date rolls the termination to the following one |
Written notice, always ('a written notice,' § 66-28-512(b)). Notice of a fact is given by 'actual knowledge' or by 'written notice' (§ 66-28-106(a)). The statute requires the notice to specify the periodic rental date that is the termination date; beyond writing and that date, it prescribes no particular form or required language for a no-cause month-to-month termination |
The act's notice rule is short: 'All parties must give written notice to the last known or designated address contained in the lease agreement' (§ 66-28-106(b)). Unlike some URLTA states, this section sets no certified-mail method and no deemed-receipt-after-mailing rule; deliver the written notice to the other side's lease address. A landlord who has not disclosed an address becomes an agent for receiving notices under § 66-28-302 |
The lease may include 'terms and conditions not prohibited by this chapter or other rule of law' (§ 66-28-201(a)), but 'the tenant cannot agree to waive or forego rights or remedies under this chapter' (§ 66-28-203(b)); a prohibited provision 'is unenforceable' (§ 66-28-203(a)-(b)). So the 30-day statutory notice is a floor the lease cannot cut against the tenant |
Tennessee has no statewide just-cause law. Under § 66-28-512(b) either party may end a month-to-month tenancy with 30 days' notice for any reason or none; no stated cause and no relocation payment are required. A tenant who holds over faces 'an action for possession, back rent and reasonable attorney's fees,' plus actual damages and fees if the holdover 'is willful and not in good faith' (§ 66-28-512(c)). Local governments may add requirements; in a non-URLTA county the answer is set by common law and the lease rather than by this section |
| Texas verified 2026-07-15 | Tex. Prop. Code § 91.001 ('Notice for Terminating Certain Tenancies'), in Chapter 91's general landlord-tenant provisions. It applies to 'a monthly tenancy or a tenancy from month to month' and treats landlord and tenant the same. Texas has no statewide just-cause statute layered on top. Scope here is an ordinary residential month-to-month tenancy ended with no fault; the 2025 rewrite of eviction procedure (SB 38, Property Code ch. 24) did not touch § 91.001 |
At least one month for a monthly tenancy. Either party may terminate 'by giving notice of termination to the other' (§ 91.001(a)); where 'the rent-paying period is at least one month,' the tenancy terminates on the later of the date named in the notice or 'one month after the day on which the notice is given' (§ 91.001(b)). No occupancy-length tiers and no longer landlord-only clock — but the lease can change this entirely |
The same as the landlord's — the statute is symmetric. A monthly tenancy 'may be terminated by the tenant or the landlord' on the same one-month terms (§ 91.001(a)-(b)). For a rent-paying period shorter than a month, the period instead equals 'the number of days in the rent-paying period' (§ 91.001(c)) |
Counted from the notice, not snapped to the end of a rental period. For a monthly tenancy the tenancy ends on the later of the day named in the notice or one month after notice is given (§ 91.001(b)); Texas does not require the end date to fall at the end of a rent-paying period. If it lands mid-period, 'the tenant is liable for rent only up to the date of termination' (§ 91.001(d)) — rent is prorated, not rounded up to a full period |
The statute prescribes none. Section 91.001 requires only 'giving notice of termination' and does not say it must be in writing or state any particular contents. Written notice is still the practical norm and most leases require it — but the mandatory-writing and required-statement rules some states impose (like California's abandoned-property statement) have no counterpart here |
Not specified by statute. Section 91.001 says nothing about how notice must be delivered or when it is effective, so the method follows the lease and general law; there is no statutory certified-mail or posting requirement. Keep proof of when and how notice was given, because the one-month clock in § 91.001(b) runs from 'the day on which the notice is given' |
The lease controls and can override the statute completely. Subsections (a)-(d) 'do not apply if ... a landlord and a tenant have agreed in an instrument signed by both parties on a different period of notice to terminate the tenancy or that no notice is required' (§ 91.001(e)(1)). A signed lease can lengthen, shorten, or eliminate the notice — the most lease-deferential rule of the four models in this survey. There is no anti-waiver provision |
None by state law. Texas has no statewide just-cause requirement, so a no-cause month-to-month termination needs no reason — meeting the § 91.001 notice is enough. The statute's rules also step aside where 'there is a breach of contract recognized by law' (§ 91.001(e)(2)), which routes a for-cause termination to the separate eviction process. A defective notice is a contract/common-law problem, not a statutory-penalty one; there is no relocation-assistance requirement. Local rules may add requirements, though Texas law limits many city-level tenant protections |
| Utah verified 2026-07-15 | Utah Code § 78B-6-802, the unlawful-detainer section of Utah's Forcible Entry and Detainer Act (Title 78B, ch. 6, pt. 8), with service governed by § 78B-6-805. Utah frames periodic-tenancy termination from the owner's side: to end a month-to-month tenancy with no cause, a landlord serves a 15-day notice to quit. Applies statewide; no just-cause law. A fixed-term lease instead ends at its term 'without notice' (§ 78B-6-802(1)(a)). This cell states the state-law floor. (Current text effective 5/6/2026, amended by 2026 Ch. 401.) |
At least 15 calendar days, ending the tenancy at the end of the rental month or period. For real property leased 'for an indefinite time with monthly or other periodic rent,' the owner must, '15 calendar days or more before the end of that month or period,' serve 'notice requiring the tenant to quit the premises at the expiration of that month or period' (§ 78B-6-802(1)(b)(i)). A tenancy at will (no set rent interval) takes 'not less than five calendar days' (§ 78B-6-802(1)(b)(ii)). No reason is required |
Not fixed by statute. Section 78B-6-802 sets only the owner's no-cause notice; it prescribes no notice period for a tenant ending a month-to-month tenancy. A tenant's notice is therefore governed by the lease (Utah leases commonly require 30 days) and common law, not a state statute. Where the lease is silent, a tenant should give at least a full rental period's notice to avoid owing the next month's rent. This is an asymmetry — the 15-day figure is the landlord's, not a symmetric both-ways clock |
End-of-period. The tenancy ends 'at the expiration of that month or period,' and the notice must be served '15 calendar days or more before the end of that month or period' (§ 78B-6-802(1)(b)(i)). So the move-out date is the last day of a rental month, not a free-floating counted day, and a notice served with fewer than 15 days left in the period cannot end that period — it rolls to the end of the next one. Count backward from the period's end, not forward from service |
A written notice 'requiring the tenant to quit the premises' at the end of the period (§ 78B-6-802(1)(b)(i)); § 78B-6-805 speaks throughout of delivering, mailing, or affixing 'a copy,' so a written notice is contemplated. The statute prescribes no particular form, wording, or stated reason for a no-cause periodic-tenancy notice beyond identifying that the tenant must quit at the period's expiration |
Section 78B-6-805 lists the permitted methods: personal delivery of a copy to the tenant; 'registered mail, certified mail, or an equivalent means' to the tenant's residence, leased property, or usual place of business; if the tenant is absent, leaving a copy with 'a person of suitable age and discretion' at those places; and, only 'if a person of suitable age or discretion cannot be found,' affixing a copy 'in a conspicuous place on the leased property.' Posting is a last resort, not a first option |
The 15-day figure is a floor — the statute requires '15 calendar days or more,' so a lease may set a longer landlord notice (30 days is common in Utah leases) but cannot cut the landlord's no-cause notice below 15 days. Because the statute fixes no tenant period, the lease controls the tenant's notice. A fixed-term lease that rolls over to month-to-month is governed by these same periodic-tenancy rules once it does |
No statewide just-cause law. A timely 15-day notice ends a month-to-month tenancy for any reason or none; the owner need not justify it (subject to fair-housing and anti-retaliation law). Ending the tenancy on paper does not remove the tenant: if the tenant stays past the period, the landlord brings a court unlawful-detainer action and regains possession only through 'an order of restitution as provided by Section 78B-6-812' (§ 78B-6-802(5)(b)), with damages accruing under § 78B-6-811 — never a self-help lockout. Some cities may add local requirements |
| Vermont verified 2026-07-16 | 9 V.S.A. § 4467, the termination-of-tenancy section of the Residential Rental Agreements Act (Title 9, ch. 137), sets the landlord's notice; the tenant's own notice is § 4456(d). It applies statewide to residential rentals. A no-fixed-term (periodic) tenancy is treated as one with no written rental agreement, and § 4467(c) governs a landlord's no-cause termination of it. Vermont has no statewide just-cause law, but Burlington and Winooski impose local overlays. This cell states the state-law floor. (§ 4467 added 1985; text per the current edition.) |
Tiered by how long the tenant has lived there — Vermont's distinctive feature. For a periodic tenancy with no written rental agreement, a landlord ending it for no cause with monthly rent must give 'at least 60 days' for tenants of two years or less and 'at least 90 days' for tenants of more than two years (§ 4467(c)(1)); a weekly tenancy takes at least 21 days (§ 4467(c)(2)). If there is instead a written rental agreement, the no-cause notice is at least 30 days before the end of the stated term (two years or less) or 60 days (more than two years), and 7 days for a written week-to-week agreement (§ 4467(e)). A landlord who has contracted to sell the building may use a 30-day notice (§ 4467(d)) |
Shorter and flat: one full rental payment period. 'Unless inconsistent with a written rental agreement or otherwise provided by law, a tenant may terminate a tenancy by actual notice given to the landlord at least one rental payment period prior to the termination date specified in the notice' (§ 4456(d)). So a monthly tenant gives one month and a weekly tenant one week — the tenant is not bound by the landlord's 60/90-day tiers. In a shared-occupancy arrangement (renting a room in the landlord's own home), either party gives 15 days if rent is monthly, 7 days if weekly (§ 4467(h)) |
The notice must state a specific termination date — 'in all cases, the termination date shall be specifically stated in the notice' (§ 4467(f)) — and for a no-written-agreement tenancy the clock runs as a count of days 'after the date of the actual notice' to that stated date: a free-floating end date, not one forced onto a rent date. (Under a written agreement, § 4467(e) instead measures the no-cause notice 'before the end or expiration of the stated term.') A separate deadline bites the landlord: a termination notice 'shall be insufficient to support a judgment of eviction unless the proceeding is commenced not later than 60 days from the termination date' (§ 4467(k)) |
Notice must be 'actual notice,' which § 4451(1) defines as 'receipt of written notice hand-delivered or mailed to the last known address' — so it must be written. The notice must specifically state the termination date (§ 4467(f)). For a no-cause termination the statute requires no stated reason; the required content is the date |
Delivery is governed by the 'actual notice' definition: written notice 'hand-delivered or mailed to the last known address' (§ 4451(1)). If the sender proves it was sent by first-class mail, 'a rebuttable presumption that the notice was received three days after mailing is created' (§ 4451(1)). Because the long no-cause periods run from the date of actual notice, use a method that proves the mailing date; posting on the door alone is not a listed method |
A written lease can vary the tenant's clock — the one-period tenant notice under § 4456(d) applies only 'unless inconsistent with a written rental agreement' — but it cannot cut below the tenant's statutory protections. Section 4454 voids any rental-agreement provision that 'attempts to circumvent or circumvents obligations and remedies established by this chapter'; 'any such provision shall be unenforceable and void.' So the landlord's minimum no-cause notice periods in § 4467 are floors a lease cannot shorten |
No statewide just-cause law: a landlord may end a periodic tenancy for no cause, provided the long tiered notice (60/90 days monthly, 21 days weekly) is given (§ 4467(c)). But some Vermont cities — Burlington and Winooski, for example — add local just-cause or longer no-cause notice rules, so inside those cities the statewide figures do not fully apply; check local law. Ending the tenancy does not remove the tenant: the landlord recovers possession only through a court ejectment action, and the notice supports a judgment only if the action is 'commenced not later than 60 days from the termination date' (§ 4467(k)) — not a self-help lockout |
| Virginia verified 2026-07-15 | Va. Code § 55.1-1253, part of the Virginia Residential Landlord and Tenant Act (VRLTA), governs ending a periodic tenancy: either party ends a month-to-month tenancy on at least 30 days' written notice before the next rent due date (seven days for week-to-week), 'unless the rental agreement provides for a different notice period.' There is no statewide just-cause law. Scope here is a no-fault termination; nonpayment and lease-breach terminations follow other VRLTA sections |
At least 30 days. 'The landlord or the tenant may terminate a month-to-month tenancy by serving a written notice on the other at least 30 days prior to the next rent due date' (§ 55.1-1253(A)). One special rule: an owner of a multifamily property that declines to renew the greater of 20, or 50 percent, of its month-to-month tenancies within a 30-day window must give each such tenant at least 60 days' notice (§ 55.1-1253(B)) |
At least 30 days — symmetric. The same sentence lets 'the landlord or the tenant' end the tenancy on 30 days' written notice before the next rent due date (§ 55.1-1253(A)). A tenant may leave for any reason on that notice |
Keyed to the rent due date. The 30 days are counted backward from 'the next rent due date,' so a valid termination lands on a rent due date, and a notice served fewer than 30 days before it rolls the end to the following rent due date. Example: rent due the 1st, notice served the 10th — under 30 days before the next 1st, so the tenancy ends on the 1st after that. Count back 30 days from a rent due date, not forward from the day you serve |
Written notice is required — the statute says 'serving a written notice' (§ 55.1-1253(A)). Beyond a writing and an end date tied to a rent due date, § 55.1-1253 prescribes no particular contents for a no-fault termination. (Separate content rules apply to public-housing and voucher tenancies, and to nonpayment notices under § 55.1-1202 — not to an ordinary no-fault notice.) |
The VRLTA's general notice rule, § 55.1-1202, governs delivery: notice to the tenant is served 'at the tenant's last known place of residence, which may be the dwelling unit,' and the parties may use electronic notice if the rental agreement so provides and the tenant has not elected paper. Keep proof of delivery |
The lease can change the period. Section 55.1-1253(A) sets the 30-day default 'unless the rental agreement provides for a different notice period,' so a written lease may lengthen or shorten it, and the parties 'may agree in writing to an early termination.' There is no unwaivable floor on the notice length for an ordinary month-to-month tenancy — read the lease first |
None statewide. Virginia has no just-cause termination law; either party may end a month-to-month tenancy for any reason with a proper 30-day notice. If the tenant holds over after termination, the landlord may sue for possession plus actual damages, attorney fees, and court costs, and the lease may set a liquidated holdover penalty up to 150 percent of the per-diem rent (§ 55.1-1253(C)). Local ordinances may add requirements |
| Washington verified 2026-07-15 | Two sections of the Residential Landlord-Tenant Act govern. RCW 59.18.650 (added by 2021 c 212) bars a landlord from ending a month-to-month or other periodic tenancy 'except for the causes enumerated in subsection (2)' — Washington has no no-cause landlord termination. RCW 59.18.200 sets the tenant's 20-day notice and a few landlord notice periods tied to specific building changes. Scope here is a no-fault termination; the at-fault causes (nonpayment, breach, nuisance) belong to the separate eviction survey |
There is no no-cause option. A landlord may end a periodic tenancy only on a statutory cause (RCW 59.18.650(2)); the no-fault causes carry long clocks — 90 days for the owner or immediate family to occupy the unit as a principal residence (2)(d); 90 days for the owner to sell a single-family home (2)(e); 120 days to demolish, substantially rehabilitate, or change the use of the premises (2)(f) via RCW 59.18.200(2)(c); and 60 days for 'other good cause' that is a legitimate economic or business reason (2)(m). An owner who shares a kitchen or bathroom with the tenant may give 20 days (2)(i) |
20 days, no reason. A month-to-month tenancy 'shall end by written notice of 20 days or more, preceding the end of any of the months or periods of tenancy, given by the tenant to the landlord' (RCW 59.18.200(1)(a)). The tenant's clock is far shorter than the landlord's and needs no cause; a service member who receives change-of-station or deployment orders may give even less (RCW 59.18.200(1)(b)) |
For the tenant, end-of-period: the 20 days must precede 'the end of any of the months or periods of tenancy,' so a tenant's notice ends the tenancy at the close of a rental period and must be given at least 20 days before it (RCW 59.18.200(1)(a)). For a landlord cause, the ground's notice period runs to the end date the landlord specifies; the tenancy does not actually end until that date, and if the tenant stays, a court unlawful-detainer judgment is required |
Written, both ways. A tenant's notice must be a 'written notice' (RCW 59.18.200(1)(a)). A landlord's cause notice must be in writing and 'identify the facts and circumstances known and available to the landlord at the time of the issuance of the notice that support the cause ... with enough specificity so as to enable the tenant to respond and prepare a defense' (RCW 59.18.650(6)(b)). A landlord notice that states no valid statutory cause is ineffective |
A landlord's cause notice must be 'served in a manner consistent with RCW 59.12.040' (RCW 59.18.650(6)(a)) — the statute governing service of notices in unlawful-detainer cases. RCW 59.18.200 does not itself prescribe a delivery method for the tenant's 20-day notice, so a tenant should deliver it in a provable way and keep proof of service |
The just-cause protection is mandatory; a lease cannot create a no-cause termination right for a periodic tenancy. The only without-cause ending is narrow and up front — a landlord may end an INITIAL fixed-term lease of six to 12 months at the end of that term on 60 days' notice (RCW 59.18.650(1)(b)) — but once the tenancy runs month-to-month the landlord 'may not end the tenancy except for the causes enumerated in subsection (2)' (RCW 59.18.650(1)(d)). A landlord who removes a tenant in violation owes wrongful-eviction damages (subsection (4)) |
Washington is a just-cause state. Since 2021 a landlord 'may not evict a tenant, refuse to continue a tenancy, or end a periodic tenancy except for the causes enumerated in subsection (2)' (RCW 59.18.650(1)(a)) — a list of 16 causes (a)-(p) covering tenant fault and specific no-fault owner reasons, each with its own notice period. A no-cause notice is unlawful: a landlord who removes a tenant in violation is liable for 'the greater of their economic and noneconomic damages or three times the monthly rent ..., and reasonable attorneys' fees and court costs' (RCW 59.18.650(4)). Local ordinances (e.g., Seattle) may add more |
| West Virginia verified 2026-07-15 | W. Va. Code § 37-6-5 governs notice to terminate year-to-year and shorter periodic tenancies. For an ordinary residential month-to-month tenancy, it supplies the state-law default for both landlord and tenant. It does not govern a fixed term that ends at a stated time, and local or federally regulated housing rules may add protections |
Written notice for one full rental period before the end of a rental period (§ 37-6-5). For a month-to-month tenancy, the landlord must allow one complete monthly period; this is an interval rule, not a flat 30-day rule |
The same written notice for one full rental period before the end of a rental period (§ 37-6-5). The statute permits termination by either party, so the default clock is symmetric |
End-of-period. The termination must take effect at the end of a rental period after one full period of notice. If a monthly period runs from the 1st through the last day, notice must precede the entire final month; notice given after that month begins ordinarily reaches the end of the following period (§ 37-6-5) |
Written notice stating the sender's intention to terminate. Section 37-6-5 requires notice 'in writing' of the intention to terminate but prescribes no additional statewide form, warning, or cause statement |
For a landlord's notice, § 37-6-5 permits service on the tenant or anyone holding the leased premises, or any part, under the tenant. For a tenant's notice, it permits service on anyone who then owns all or part of the premises, the owner's agent, or according to common law. The current text supplies no mail-specific or posting method |
Expressly variable by special agreement. Section 37-6-5 does not apply where the parties fix a different notice period or agree that no notice is required; no notice is required when a fixed term ends at a certain time |
No statewide just-cause condition appears in § 37-6-5: either party may terminate through the prescribed written notice, and the statute requires no reason or cause statement. A landlord still must satisfy the full-period timing and service rules; local ordinances and special housing programs may add stricter limits |
| Wisconsin verified 2026-07-15 | Wis. Stat. § 704.19 governs terminating a periodic tenancy (including month-to-month) or a tenancy at will with no cause; § 704.21 fixes how the notice must be delivered. Scope here is an ordinary no-fault termination. Terminations for nonpayment or a lease breach run under § 704.17 instead (which by its own terms does not even apply to month-to-month tenants, § 704.17(2)(d)) and are outside this survey |
At least 28 days' written notice — a Wisconsin distinctive; it is 28, not 30. '(3) Length of notice. At least 28 days' notice must be given except in the following cases: If rent is payable on a basis less than monthly, notice at least equal to the rent-paying period is sufficient' (§ 704.19(3)). So a monthly tenancy takes 28 days; a weekly one takes a week. There is no longer landlord-only clock and no occupancy-length tier |
At least 28 days' written notice — the same as the landlord's. Section 704.19(2)(a) provides the tenancy 'can be terminated by either the landlord or the tenant only by giving to the other party written notice complying with this section,' and § 704.19(3) sets one 28-day figure for both. The clock is symmetric |
End of a rental period. 'A periodic tenancy can be terminated by notice under this section only at the end of a rental period' (§ 704.19(2)(b)1). So the 28 days is a floor, not the whole rule: the end date must land on the last day of a rental period. A notice whose 28th day falls mid-period is not void — under § 704.19(5) it simply takes effect on the next date it could properly have specified (the end of the next full period). Day counting: the day notice is 'given' is counted as the first day of the period (§ 704.19(7)) |
Written, but the form is forgiving. 'Notice must be in writing, formal or informal, and substantially inform the other party ... of the intent to terminate the tenancy and the date of termination. A notice is not invalid because of errors in the notice which do not mislead' (§ 704.19(4)). The two required contents are the intent to end the tenancy and a termination date; a harmless error (even omitting one of several co-tenants' names) does not sink the notice |
By one of the methods in § 704.21. A landlord may deliver personally, leave a copy with a competent person at the premises plus mail, post-and-mail, send by registered or certified mail, or serve as for a summons (§ 704.21(1)(a)-(e)); a tenant has parallel methods (§ 704.21(2)). If mailed, notice is 'given' on the 2nd day after mailing to an in-state address and the 5th day after mailing otherwise (§ 704.19(7)(c)). A notice not properly served but actually received still counts, on clear-and-convincing proof of receipt (§ 704.21(5)) |
The parties may agree on a different method of termination, but only expressly and provably. Section 704.19(2)(a) makes statutory written notice the default 'unless ... 1. The parties have agreed expressly upon another method of termination and the parties' agreement is established by clear and convincing proof,' or the tenant surrenders and the landlord accepts (subd. 2). A vague or oral variation will not carry that burden, so absent a clear written agreement the 28-day statutory notice controls |
Wisconsin has no statewide just-cause law. Section 704.19 lets 'either the landlord or the tenant' end a periodic tenancy by proper notice, requiring no stated reason and no relocation payment; a no-cause notice for any reason is enough if the days and end date are right. If the tenant stays past the termination date, the landlord removes the tenant through a court eviction (§ 704.23; ch. 799). A city or county may add requirements, though Wisconsin law preempts many local landlord-tenant rules |
| Wyoming verified 2026-07-16 | No Wyoming statute sets a notice period for ending an ordinary no-cause month-to-month (or other periodic) tenancy. The Residential Rental Property Act, Wyo. Stat. §§ 1-21-1201 to 1-21-1211, covers habitability, deposits, and abandoned property but fixes no termination-notice period; its 'termination' definition lists the ways a tenancy ends and includes no no-cause periodic notice (§ 1-21-1201(a)(v)). The only generally applicable statutory landlord notice is the 3-day pre-suit 'notice to quit' before a forcible entry and detainer action (§§ 1-21-1002, 1-21-1003). The notice to end the periodic tenancy itself is set by the lease and common law. This cell states the state-law floor |
No statutory period. Wyoming law sets no minimum number of days for a landlord to end a no-cause month-to-month tenancy — the notice is whatever the lease provides, and common law otherwise. Separately, before filing an eviction (forcible entry and detainer), a landlord must serve a written 'notice to quit' 'at least three (3) days before commencing the action' (§ 1-21-1003), but that is a uniform pre-suit notice for any cause, not a periodic-tenancy termination period |
No statutory period. Wyoming sets no minimum notice for a tenant to end a month-to-month tenancy either; it is governed by the lease and common law. Nothing in the Residential Rental Property Act supplies a tenant-side figure |
Not set by statute. No Wyoming statute fixes when a no-cause periodic termination takes effect or whether the end date must align with a rental period; that is a matter of the lease and common law. The Act's 'termination' definition (§ 1-21-1201(a)(v)) lists expiration of the rental period, mutual agreement, a repair-cost termination under § 1-21-1203(d), abandonment, and court order — but no no-cause notice mechanism |
No statute prescribes the form or contents of a no-cause month-to-month termination notice; the lease and common law govern. The one statutory notice that is specified — the pre-suit notice to quit — must be a written notice to the adverse party 'to leave the premises' (§ 1-21-1003); it sets no form for ending a periodic tenancy |
No statute sets how a no-cause termination notice must be delivered. For the separate pre-suit notice to quit, § 1-21-1003 requires 'leaving a written copy with the defendant or at his usual place of abode or business if he cannot be found,' served at least 3 days before the action; the statute names no certified-mail or posting method for that notice |
Because there is no statutory notice period, the lease effectively sets the notice for a no-cause month-to-month termination in Wyoming. The Residential Rental Property Act lets duties be assigned or modified 'by explicit written agreement signed by the parties' (§ 1-21-1202(d)) and contains no general anti-waiver bar on a notice term. The 3-day pre-suit notice-to-quit requirement (§ 1-21-1003) is a statutory minimum for filing an eviction and cannot be shortened by lease |
No statewide just-cause law. Wyoming does not restrict a landlord's right to end a no-cause periodic tenancy, and no reason is required. If a tenant holds over after the tenancy ends, the landlord's remedy is a forcible entry and detainer action after a 3-day notice to quit (§§ 1-21-1002(a)(i), 1-21-1003) — not a self-help lockout. (A separate Wyoming Safe Homes Act addresses early lease termination by domestic-violence and sexual-assault victims, which is outside this survey.) Some cities may add local requirements |
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