50-State Surveys › Domestic LLC Formation Filing Requirements by State
Domestic LLC Formation Filing Requirements by State
What must an ordinary domestic LLC file to be formed in this state, who may sign as organizer, what information must the formation record contain, when does the LLC legally exist, and what publication or immediate follow-up filing is required?
51 of 51 jurisdictions verified
every entry statute-checked, oldest 2026-07-29
What this survey covers
An LLC begins with a public state filing, but the filing is not called the same thing or built the same way everywhere. A state may use articles of organization, a certificate of formation, or another constitutive record. The organizer may need to disclose only the company and agent, or the filing may also make managers, members, governors, or significant owners part of the public record.
This survey isolates that formation filing. It covers the organizer and signer, required public fields, permitted extra clauses, current official submission route and fee, the legal effective date, and any publication or immediate follow-up filing. It does not duplicate the separate surveys for registered-agent eligibility, operating agreements, recurring reports, foreign registration, or dissolution.
How to read the table
Start with the filing-record and organizer columns. They identify the document that creates the LLC and who signs it. An organizer is not necessarily an owner; the statute may allow a person or entity to organize the company without becoming a member.
Next, read the required-term, address, and management-disclosure columns together. Those columns show what becomes part of the public filing. They do not answer the separate questions of who may serve as agent, how members vote, or who may bind the LLC after formation.
Finish with the method, effective-date, and follow-up columns. Fees and filing channels are dated procedural facts. The effective-date column identifies when the LLC legally exists, while the final column catches one-time duties that may arrive shortly afterward, such as publication, proof of publication, or an initial statement.
Where states differ most
Most states call the constitutive filing articles of organization. A smaller group uses a certificate of formation or certificate of organization. In most states, one or more organizers may sign without becoming members, so the signer on the filing is not necessarily an owner.
Public disclosure varies much more than the document name. Many states require the LLC name, office or mailing address, and registered-agent information but no owner or manager names. Others require a management election or public names and addresses for managers, members, governors, or significant owners. Arizona, for example, requires management information and disclosure of each member owning at least 20 percent in a manager-managed LLC. A.R.S. § 29-3201. Delaware illustrates the opposite, minimal-certificate model. 6 Del. C. § 18-201.
A delay of no more than 90 days is the dominant effective-date pattern. New York and Illinois use 60-day limits, Delaware permits 180 days, and several states do not state a maximum. California, Hawaii, Minnesota, and Nevada do not give ordinary original formation filings the usual delayed-date option. California instead forms the LLC when the Secretary of State files the articles. Cal. Corp. Code §§ 17702.01 and 17702.05.
Publication is exceptional rather than routine. New York requires six weeks in two newspapers and a later proof filing; Arizona uses newspaper publication or Commission database publication depending on the county; Nebraska requires three successive weeks and filed proof. N.Y. LLC Law §§ 203 and 206 and A.R.S. § 29-3201. More common follow-up outliers are an initial statement or report: California uses 90 days, Washington 120 days, Alaska six months, Louisiana files its initial report with the articles, and Nevada requires its initial list and business license with formation.
Fees, online-versus-paper routes, attachments, and follow-up forms change more often than the core formation statutes. Treat those values as dated procedural facts. The effective-date column describes legal existence, not an agency's processing estimate, and the final column keeps one-time publication or initial filings separate from later recurring reports.
Get this answered for your state
This survey compares every state side by side. Ezel applies your state's law to your specific situation and answers with citations to the statutes.
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| State | Governing law and filing record | Organizer and signature | Required entity and purpose terms | Addresses and service fields | Management and owner disclosure | Optional and restricted provisions | Filing method, fee, and attachments | Formation and effective date | Publication and initial follow-up |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Alabama verified 2026-07-29 | Alabama LLC Law; Secretary of State Certificate of Formation for an ordinary domestic LLC (Ala. Code §§ 10A-1-1.08(e), 10A-5A-2.01) |
One or more organizers execute; organizer need not be owner/member; at least one organizer signs; agent or attorney-in-fact may sign (§§ 10A-1-1.03(67), 10A-5A-2.04) |
Compliant LLC name/designator and statement that at least one member exists; no purpose or duration field required; any lawful activity permitted (§§ 10A-1-5.06, 10A-5A-1.04(c), 10A-5A-2.01(a)) |
Alabama registered-office street address and county; registered-agent name. No principal-office, mailing-address, or owner-address field required (§ 10A-5A-2.01(a)(2)-(3)) |
No management election or manager/member/owner names required; certificate states only that at least one member exists (§ 10A-5A-2.01(a)(4)) |
Members may add other matters; series statement applies only if relevant and is outside this ordinary non-series scope (§ 10A-5A-2.01(a)(5)-(6)) |
Online or mail; $200 certificate plus mandatory $25 name reservation; paper form requires 2 copies and attached reservation certificate (SOS, as of July 29, 2026) |
Formed when certificate becomes effective; ordinarily actual receipt, or stated future date/time no later than 90 days after delivery (§§ 10A-5A-2.01(b), 10A-1-4.11 to -4.12) |
No ordinary statewide publication, proof filing, or non-tax initial report identified in the current formation statute and March 2026 SOS form |
| Alaska verified 2026-07-29 | Alaska Limited Liability Company Act, AS ch. 10.50; Department of Commerce, Community, and Economic Development Articles of Organization (§§ 10.50.070–.080) |
One or more persons may organize and need not be members. Organizer signs before organization; signer states name/capacity; attorney-in-fact allowed without filed authority (§§ 10.50.070, .840) |
Distinguishable name with limited liability company, L.L.C., or LLC; state purpose, which may be any lawful affairs. No duration term (§§ 10.50.020, .025, .075) |
State registered-office mailing address and registered-agent name; agent and office must be maintained in Alaska (§§ 10.50.055, .075(3)) |
State manager management if applicable; otherwise member management is default. No manager, member, or owner names required in articles (§§ 10.50.075(4), .110) |
May add internal-affairs provisions consistent with Alaska law; articles may restrict or eliminate members' power to adopt, amend, or repeal an operating agreement (§§ 10.50.075(5), .095) |
Online articles or PDF Form 08-0484; $250. Submit separate initial-activity identification codes with the articles (§§ 10.50.078, .810, .850; DCCED forms index) |
Organized when conforming articles are delivered to the department for filing; statute provides no delayed-effective-date option (§§ 10.50.080, .820) |
No formation publication. File the initial biennial report within six months after organization; official forms index offers online initial report (§ 10.50.760(d); DCCED) |
| Arizona verified 2026-07-29 | Arizona Limited Liability Company Act; Articles of Organization filed with the Corporation Commission (A.R.S. § 29-3201) |
One or more persons may organize; at least one organizer signs. Organizer need not be a member or manager; an authorized agent may sign (§§ 29-3201(A), 29-3203(A)(2), (B)-(C)) |
Compliant name with LLC/LC designator; no purpose or duration term required in ordinary articles (§§ 29-3112, 29-3201(B)) |
Principal address; statutory-agent name plus Arizona street and mailing addresses (§ 29-3201(B)(2)-(3)); paper form makes agent acceptance M002 mandatory |
Choose manager- or member-managed. Manager-managed: every manager and each member owning at least 20%; member-managed: every member, with names/addresses (§ 29-3201(B)(4)) |
Other statements allowed, but articles cannot vary § 29-3105(C)-(D) protections inconsistently (§ 29-3201(C)) |
$50 base; ABC online or paper by fax, mail, or walk-in. Paper packet uses cover sheet, M002 agent acceptance, and L040 manager or L041 member attachment; optional faster service costs extra (ACC, July 29, 2026) |
Formed when articles become effective: delivery time if compliant, stated later time, or delayed date/time up to 90 days; date-only means 12:01 a.m. MST. Timely 30-day cure can preserve delivery time (§§ 29-3201(D), 29-3207) |
Within 60 days after filing: three consecutive newspaper publications in agent-address county, or ACC database posting if county population exceeds 800,000. Publication affidavit is optional; no separate initial report listed (§ 29-3201(G)) |
| Arkansas verified 2026-07-29 | Arkansas Uniform LLC Act; Secretary of State Certificate of Organization (Ark. Code § 4-38-201) |
1+ persons may organize; initial certificate signed by at least one organizer, who need not already be a member. Signer states name/capacity and affirms accuracy under penalty of perjury (§§ 4-38-201, -203, -205, -206) |
Distinguishable name with Arkansas LLC designator; no purpose or duration clause required. Any lawful purpose; perpetual duration (§§ 4-38-108, -112, -201) |
Principal-office street AND mailing addresses; commercial agent name only, or noncommercial agent/office-position name and Arkansas street/mailing address (§§ 4-38-201(b), 4-20-104–105) |
Statute requires no management election or owner list; current LL-01 nevertheless asks for one member or manager name/title for franchise-tax purposes (SOS form, rev. 1/25) |
Other statements allowed, but cannot override § 4-38-105(c)–(d); certificate cannot operate as a statement of authority. Delayed date may be stated (§§ 4-38-201(c), -207) |
Online $45 or paper $50; current paper LL-01 includes the no-fee franchise-tax contact page. No separate ordinary-LLC formation attachment listed (SOS, as of July 29, 2026) |
Formed when certificate is effective AND at least one person is a member or manager; filing-time or later time/date up to 90 days. Pending delayed filing may be withdrawn (§§ 4-38-201(d), -207, -208) |
No formation publication or separate initial report. File no-fee franchise-tax contact registration with LL-01; first franchise tax is due May 1 of the year after formation (SOS form, rev. 1/25) |
| California verified 2026-07-29 | California Revised Uniform LLC Act; Secretary of State Articles of Organization (Cal. Corp. Code § 17702.01) |
One or more persons may organize; organizer signs and delivers prescribed articles. No member-status condition stated (§ 17702.01(a)) |
Lawful-purpose statement; compliant LLC name/designator; no duration term required (§§ 17701.08, 17702.01(b)(1)-(2)) |
Initial principal-office street address; different mailing address; individual agent name + street address, or § 1505 corporate agent name only (§ 17702.01(b)(3)-(4)) |
State manager-managed status and whether only one manager; articles do not name owners/managers. Initial 90-day statement later names managers or members (§§ 17702.01(b)(5)-(6), 17702.09(a)(5)) |
Other lawful provisions allowed, but a filed clause barred from the operating agreement by § 17701.10 is likewise ineffective (§§ 17702.01(c), 17701.12(c)) |
Online-only Articles of Organization; $70 base fee; no separate ordinary-LLC formation attachment listed (SOS, as of July 29, 2026) |
Formed when SOS files articles; original articles cannot specify a delayed date. Dishonored fee payment can trigger statutory cancellation (§§ 17702.01(d), (f), 17702.05(c)) |
No statewide publication/proof filing; $20 Statement of Information due within 90 days, then biennially (§ 17702.09(a); SOS, as of July 29, 2026) |
| Colorado verified 2026-07-30 | Colorado Limited Liability Company Act, C.R.S. Title 7 Article 80; Articles of Organization filed with Secretary of State (§§ 7-80-203 to -204) |
One or more organizers; an individual organizer must be 18+, and organizers need not become members. Every organizer's true name/mailing address is public. No signature or execution is a filing condition; an individual causing delivery supplies name/address and makes the § 7-90-301.5 affirmation (§§ 7-80-203, -204; 7-90-301) |
Compliant distinguishable name with an LLC designator; no purpose or duration statement required in ordinary articles, and an LLC may conduct any lawful business (§§ 7-80-103, -204; 7-90-601) |
Initial principal-office physical street address plus optional mailing; initial agent name, Colorado physical street address and optional mailing; required agent-consent affirmation (§§ 7-80-204, 7-90-701; SOS instructions) |
Choose manager- or member-management and affirm at least one member. No member, manager, or owner names required; organizer names are disclosed separately (§ 7-80-204) |
May add other matters relating to the LLC or its articles; optional delayed effective date/time is permitted up to 90 days (§§ 7-80-204(h), 7-90-304) |
$50, online only. More than one organizer requires an attachment listing each additional organizer; no separate agent-acceptance attachment or signature page (SOS, accessed July 30, 2026) |
LLC forms when articles become effective: ordinarily at filing, or at a stated later time/date capped at 90 days; date-only means 11:59 p.m. (§§ 7-80-207, 7-90-304) |
No publication, proof filing, or immediate initial report. First Periodic Report is due by the last day of the second month after the first anniversary of the formation month (§ 7-90-501(4)(c)(I)) |
| Connecticut verified 2026-07-29 | Connecticut Uniform LLC Act, Chapter 613a; Secretary of the State Certificate of Organization (§§ 34-243, 34-247) |
1+ persons; individual or entity, and need not be a member. Initial certificate signed by at least 1 organizer; form requires organizer name/signature under false-statement penalties (§§ 34-243a(21)–(22), 34-247(a), 34-247b; form) |
Distinguishable LLC name/designator; no purpose or duration field. Any lawful purpose permitted and duration is perpetual (§§ 34-243g, 34-243h, 34-243k, 34-247(b)) |
Principal-office street + mailing addresses; agent name + CT street/mailing addresses; individual agent also gives business/residence/mailing addresses and signs acceptance (§§ 34-243n(d), 34-247(b)(2)–(3); form) |
No management-structure election, but publicly name/title at least 1 manager or member with business + residence addresses; good-cause business-address substitute available. Member-managed by default (§§ 34-247(b)(4), 34-255f(a); form) |
May add other statements, but cannot inconsistently vary § 34-243d(c)'s nonwaivable rules, including SOTS filing/agent requirements, loyalty/care limits, good faith, or specified misconduct liability (§§ 34-243d(c), 34-247(c)) |
Online or paper; $120. Agent acceptance is part of certificate; attach 8½×11 pages only if more space is needed. No seal, attestation, acknowledgment, or verification (§§ 34-243u(a)(3), 34-247e; form, as of July 29, 2026) |
Formed when SOTS files certificate; initial certificate cannot use the general delayed-date option and may be withdrawn only before it takes effect (§§ 34-247(d), 34-247f–.247g) |
No formation publication or separate initial report. First $80 annual report is online Jan. 1–Mar. 31 of following year; then same window annually (§§ 34-243u(a)(15), 34-247k; form) |
| Delaware verified 2026-07-29 | Delaware Limited Liability Company Act, 6 Del. C. ch. 18; Division of Corporations Certificate of Formation for ordinary domestic LLC (§ 18-201) |
1+ authorized persons execute; no member-status condition. Any certificate may be signed by agent/attorney-in-fact; authorization need not be written/filed. Execution is oath/affirmation under perjury penalty (§§ 18-201, -204) |
Compliant name with “Limited Liability Company,” “L.L.C.,” or “LLC.” No purpose or duration term in the minimal certificate; LLC agreement must separately exist (§ 18-201; Division form) |
Delaware registered-office street address and registered-agent name/address; agent business office identical with registered office. No principal, mailing, organizer, or member address (§§ 18-104, -201) |
No management election, manager/member identity, owner address, control-person field, or ownership percentage in ordinary certificate (§ 18-201; Division form) |
Members may add other matters. Current template form contains only statutory basics and directs custom drafting for additional permitted information (§ 18-201(a)(3); Division form) |
Document-upload submission service or paper/mail with required cover memo; upload is not direct online filing. $110 base charge. No ordinary attachment; 8.5×11-inch, typed black-ink document requested (Division) |
Formed on filing or stated later date/time if certificate substantially complies; delayed effectiveness capped at 180 days (§§ 18-201(b), 18-206(b)) |
No formation publication or one-time initial report under current Act/form. Annual tax is due June 1 following the calendar year in which the certificate becomes effective; confirm the then-current amount (Division form) |
| District of Columbia verified 2026-07-29 | D.C. Uniform LLC Act; Mayor through DLCP. Statute: certificate of organization; agency Form DLC-1: Articles of Organization (§ 29-802.01) |
One or more persons organize and sign; form asks organizer name, address, signature, and date. Filing states signer name/capacity; no seal, acknowledgment, or verification (§§ 29-802.01(a), 29-102.01(a)) |
Compliant distinguishable name plus current form's statement that the LLC has at least one member. No ordinary-LLC purpose or duration statement (§§ 29-103.01, 29-103.02(f), 29-802.01(b), (d); DLC-1) |
Initial principal-office street and mailing addresses; commercial-agent name, or noncommercial-agent name and D.C. street/mailing address or internal position/address (§§ 29-802.01(b)(2), 29-104.03–.04) |
No member/manager-management election. Disclose each >10% direct/indirect owner and any person controlling financial/operational decisions or day-to-day operations (§ 29-102.01(a)(6)–(8); DLC-1) |
Other statements allowed, but not as a statement of authority; a provision barred in an operating agreement remains ineffective in the certificate (§§ 29-802.01(c), 29-801.09(c)) |
CorpOnline or paper Form DLC-1 by mail; $99 base fee. Current ordinary-LLC form lists no separate attachment; optional expedite costs extra (DLCP, as of July 29, 2026) |
Formed when Mayor files the certificate, it becomes effective, and at least one person becomes a member. Filing-time, later same-day time, or delayed date/time ≤90 days (§§ 29-802.01(d), 29-102.03) |
No statewide publication or proof filing. First $300 biennial report due April 1 after the calendar year the formation record became effective; then every second year (§ 29-102.11(c); DLCP) |
| Florida verified 2026-07-29 | Florida Revised LLC Act; Department of State Articles of Organization (Fla. Stat. §§ 605.0201, .0203) |
One or more persons act as authorized representatives; at least one signs. Agent/attorney may sign if authorized and capacity stated (§§ 605.0201(1), .0203) |
Compliant LLC name/designator required; no ordinary-LLC purpose or duration term in statutory minimum (§§ 605.0112, .0201(2)) |
Principal-office street + mailing addresses; initial agent name, Florida street address, and written acceptance (§§ 605.0201(2)(b)-(c), .0203(1)(b)) |
Optional at formation: manager-managed declaration and one or more managers or members with addresses; no required owner/manager list in articles (§ 605.0201(3)) |
May add management, manager/member, authority-limit, and other relevant statements, but cannot vary § 605.0105(3)'s nonwaivable rules (§ 605.0201(3)) |
Online credit-card filing or signed PDF by mail; $100 articles + required $25 agent fee = $125. Agent acceptance included/attached; paper instructions request cover letter (Sunbiz, as of July 29, 2026) |
Formed when articles become effective and ≥1 member exists; default acceptance time, prior date ≤5 business days, or delayed date/time ≤90 days (§§ 605.0201(4), .0207) |
No statewide publication or immediate filing; first annual report is due Jan. 1-May 1 of calendar year after articles become effective (§ 605.0212(3)) |
| Georgia verified 2026-07-29 | Georgia Limited Liability Company Act; Secretary of State Articles of Organization (O.C.G.A. §§ 14-11-203–14-11-204) |
One or more organizers; organizer need not be a member. Organizer, member, qualifying manager, or attorney-in-fact signs, states name/capacity; no notary (§§ 14-11-203, 14-11-205; SOS) |
Articles state compliant LLC name only; no purpose or duration term required. Default purpose is any lawful activity (§§ 14-11-201, 14-11-204, 14-11-207) |
Supply each organizer's name/address, registered-office street address + county, initial agent name, and principal-office mailing address (§ 14-11-203(a)) |
Manager-management statement optional; no manager, member, or owner name/percentage required in articles (§ 14-11-204) |
Articles may state manager-management and any other provision not inconsistent with law (§ 14-11-204(b)) |
Online, mail, or in person; $100 statutory base. Paper uses CD 030 + mandatory CD 231 and currently totals $110 (§ 14-11-1101; Georgia.gov, June 2026) |
Formed when articles become effective: filing date/time or specified delayed date/time ≤90 days. Timely 30-day cure preserves delivery time (§§ 14-11-203(c), 14-11-206(d)-(f)) |
No formation publication/proof or immediate report; first Annual Registration due Jan. 1–Apr. 1 of next calendar year (§ 14-11-1103(c)) |
| Hawaii verified 2026-07-29 | Hawaii Uniform Limited Liability Company Act, HRS ch. 428; DCCA Business Registration Division Articles of Organization, Form LLC-1, for ordinary domestic LLC (§§ 428-202 to -203) |
1+ persons organize; list each organizer and address. At least 1 organizer signs/certifies with date, name, office title/capacity; attorney-in-fact states principal's name (§§ 428-202, -203(a)(3), -205; LLC-1) |
Name with “limited liability company,” “L.L.C.,” or “LLC”; no purpose clause. Choose at-will or specified term/expiration (§§ 428-101, -105, -203(a)(1), (4), (d)) |
Principal-office mailing address and physical address if different; agent type/name/jurisdiction as applicable plus Hawaii business street address. Appointment affirms agent consent (§§ 428-107, 428-203(a)(2), 425R-4; LLC-1) |
Choose manager/member management. Manager-managed: all initial managers + addresses and initial-member count; member-managed: all initial members + addresses. State member-liability election (§ 428-203(a)(5)–(6)) |
May add operating-agreement provisions or other lawful matters; cannot vary § 428-103(b). Agreement controls insiders; articles control relying outsiders (§ 428-203(b)–(c)) |
Online, email, mail, fax, or service window. $50 nonrefundable + $1 archives fee; no ordinary attachment. Email/fax requires card details/form; optional expedite $25 (DCCA; HRS §§ 26-9(l), 94-8(c)) |
Existence begins when DCCA files compliant articles. Original articles cannot delay; § 428-206(d)'s ≤30-day delay applies only to termination, conversion, and merger records (§§ 428-202(b), 428-206(c)–(e)) |
No formation publication or same-year initial report. Annual report starts in a later year, due by quarter-end matching organization quarter; current fee $15 (§ 428-210(d); DCCA) |
| Idaho verified 2026-07-29 | Idaho Uniform Limited Liability Company Act within Uniform Business Organizations Code; SOS Certificate of Organization for ordinary domestic LLC (Idaho Code §§ 30-25-101, -201) |
1+ persons organize; at least 1 organizer signs, or authorized agent signs and affirms authority. Signature affirms material truth under perjury penalties (§§ 30-25-201(a), -203; 30-21-209) |
Distinguishable name with “limited liability company,” “limited company,” “L.L.C.,” “LLC,” “L.C.,” or “LC.” No purpose or duration clause; Act supplies broad powers (§§ 30-21-301, -302(d); 30-25-109, -201) |
Principal-office street/mailing addresses or narrow consenting commercial-agent substitute; agent filing information; paper form also requires correspondence mailing address (§§ 30-25-201(b)(2)–(3), 30-21-403 to -404; SOS) |
Name and mailing address of 1+ governor—manager if manager-managed, member if member-managed. Form need not identify which; no ownership percentage (§§ 30-21-102(19), 30-25-201(b)(4); SOS form) |
May attach other statements, including delayed date, but not operating agreement. Certificate cannot vary § 30-25-105(c)/(d) limits or act as statement of authority (§ 30-25-201(c); SOS form) |
SOSBiz online $100; typed paper form by mail/in person $120 including $20 manual fee. No ordinary attachment; professional LLC material excluded. Unpaid filing may be deleted (SOS form/page) |
Formed when certificate is effective: filing time, later same-day time, or delayed date/time ≤90 days. Before effectiveness, signers may file withdrawal (§§ 30-25-201(d), 30-21-203 to -204) |
No formation publication or initial report under current statute/form. Annual report first due by end of formation anniversary month beginning 1 year after effectiveness (§ 30-21-213(c); SOS) |
| Illinois verified 2026-07-29 | Illinois Limited Liability Company Act; Secretary of State Articles of Organization, Form LLC-5.5 (805 ILCS 180/5-5) |
One or more persons other than natural persons under 18; need not be members. Organizer(s) sign; signer name/capacity and organizer address stated (§§ 5-1(a), 5-45) |
Compliant LLC name; principal business address; lawful-business purpose; member-at-effectiveness confirmation; duration (perpetual unless otherwise stated) (§§ 1-10, 5-5(a)) |
Principal place-of-business address; registered-agent name; Illinois registered-office street/road or rural-route address. P.O. box/c-o alone barred (§ 5-5(a)(1), (3); LLC-5.5) |
List all managers and every member having manager authority, with business addresses; other members/owners are not listed merely as owners (§ 5-5(a)(5)) |
Other lawful internal-affairs/operating-agreement provisions allowed; nonperpetual duration and dissolution date may be stated (§ 5-5(a)(5.5), (8); LLC-5.5) |
Eligible ordinary LLCs may file online; paper Form LLC-5.5 filed in duplicate with ≥1 original signature. $150 base fee; no ordinary attachment listed (SOS, as of July 29, 2026) |
Organized on SOS filing or stated later date ≤60 days; later filing may be withdrawn on/before that date (§§ 5-5(b), 5-40) |
No ordinary-LLC formation publication/proof filing stated. $75 annual report due in 60 days before first day of anniversary month, beginning first annual cycle (§§ 50-1, 50-10; SOS) |
| Indiana verified 2026-07-29 | Indiana Business Flexibility Act plus Uniform Business Organizations Administrative Provisions Act; Articles of Organization filed with Secretary of State (IC 23-18-2-4; 23-0.5-2) |
At least one person organizes; organizer need not be a member before or after formation. Authorized signer states name/capacity; current form signs and verifies under perjury penalties (IC 23-18-2-4(a); 23-0.5-2-1(a)(4)-(5)) |
LLC name with required designator; perpetual duration or latest dissolution date. Any business, personal, nonprofit, or lawful purpose allowed; no purpose clause required unless narrowing it (IC 23-0.5-3-2(d); 23-18-2-1, -4(b)) |
Current form requires principal-office address or remote-business contact option with Form 9900382; commercial agent name only, or noncommercial agent name + Indiana street address; agent email optional (IC 23-18-2-4(b)(2); Form 49459) |
State whether managers will manage; no manager, member, or owner names required. Optional single-member indicator on current form (IC 23-18-2-4(b)(4); Form 49459) |
Other matters members agree to include are allowed if consistent with the Act, including matters permitted in an operating agreement; articles may narrow purpose or set latest dissolution date (IC 23-18-2-1, -4(b)(3), (5)) |
$75 electronic through INBiz; $100 paper by mail/hand. Paper form permits attachments; remote-business contact option requires Form 9900382. No other ordinary-LLC attachment listed (IC 23-0.5-2-1; 23-0.5-9-19; Form 49459, July 29, 2026) |
Effective on filing, later filing-day time, or delayed date/time up to 90 days; date-only takes effect 12:01 a.m. Pre-effective record may be withdrawn under all-signer/agreement rule (IC 23-0.5-2-3 to -4) |
No newspaper/database publication, proof filing, or separate initial report; later biennial reports are recurring maintenance filings |
| Iowa verified 2026-07-29 | Iowa Uniform LLC Act, Iowa Code ch. 489; Secretary of State Certificate of Organization uploaded as PDF (§§ 489.101, .201; SOS Fast Track guide) |
1+ individuals or entities; organizer need not be a member. Initial certificate signed by at least 1 organizer or agent; signer name/capacity required, with no seal, attestation, acknowledgment, or verification (§§ 489.102(21), .201, .203, .206) |
Distinguishable LLC name/designator; no purpose or duration clause required. Any lawful purpose allowed and duration perpetual (§§ 489.108, .112, .201) |
Principal-office street + mailing addresses; registered agent name + Iowa street and mailing addresses/place of business. Designation affirms agent consent (§§ 489.115, .201(2)) |
No management election or manager/member/owner names required in certificate. Member-managed by default unless operating agreement selects managers (§§ 489.201, .407) |
May add other statements, but not an effective statement of authority and not terms inconsistent with § 489.105's nonwaivable filing, agent, duty, and misconduct limits (§§ 489.105, .201(3)) |
Fast Track online upload of signed Certificate PDF; $50. Statute permits custom records and no ordinary owner/manager or agent-acceptance attachment; SOS workflow separately collects filing data (§§ 489.122(1)(c), .206; SOS, as of July 29, 2026) |
Formed when certificate becomes effective; filing-effective by default or at stated later date/time up to 90 days; date without time = 12:01 a.m. (§§ 489.201(4), .207) |
No formation publication or separate initial report. First biennial report Jan. 1–Apr. 1 of first odd-numbered year after formation; $30 online/$45 paper (§ 489.212; SOS) |
| Kansas verified 2026-07-29 | Kansas Revised Limited Liability Company Act; Secretary of State Articles of Organization, Form DL, for an ordinary domestic LLC (K.S.A. 17-7662, 17-7673) |
1+ authorized persons execute and sign under penalty of perjury; no member-status condition or authority proof. Facsimile, conformed, electronic, or transmitted signatures allowed (K.S.A. 17-7673(a), 17-7910(a), (e); Form DL) |
Name plus “limited liability company,” “limited company,” “L.L.C.,” “L.C.,” “LLC,” or “LC.” No purpose or duration term; any lawful activity is permitted (K.S.A. 17-7668, 17-7673(a), 17-7920) |
Resident-agent name and Kansas registered-office street address; no PO box on Form DL. No principal-office, mailing, or organizer address in ordinary articles (K.S.A. 17-7673(a)(2), 17-7924; Form DL) |
No member/manager-management election, manager or member names, or ownership percentages in ordinary articles; the authorized signer is public (K.S.A. 17-7673(a); Form DL) |
Members may add other matters. Professional and series LLCs require additional statutory matter and use different forms outside this row; similar-name consent Form CN is conditional (K.S.A. 17-7673(a)(3)–(5); Form DL) |
File online for $85 or mail Form DL for $90. No ordinary attachment; submit Form CN only if relying on consent to a similar name. Paper credit-card cover page is payment-dependent (Form DL, rev. 2/27/26) |
Substantial compliance plus filing forms the LLC; articles may state a later date up to 90 days. Before then, file a certificate of termination or amendment to cancel/change the delay (K.S.A. 17-7673(b), 17-7911) |
No general publication or one-time initial report under the ordinary formation statute/form. Regular information reports come later; specified foreign principals with covered nearby real property have a separate 90-day AG registration (SOS) |
| Kentucky verified 2026-07-29 | Kentucky LLC Act, KRS ch. 275, plus ch. 14A filing rules; Secretary of State Articles of Organization (KRS 275.020–.025) |
One or more organizers; organizer need not be a member; preformation filing signed by an organizer. Current form requires organizer signature, printed name/title, date, and perjury declaration; no acknowledgment/notary (§§ 275.020, 14A.2-020; Form KLC) |
Compliant LLC name/designator; no purpose field. Perpetual unless articles state another duration (§§ 275.025(1)–(2), 14A.3-010(1), (3)) |
Kentucky registered-office street address; initial agent name + written consent; initial principal-office mailing address may use P.O. box (§ 275.025(1)(b)–(c); Form KLC) |
Must choose manager- or member-management; articles do not name managers, members, or owners (§ 275.025(1)(d); Form KLC) |
May state nonperpetual duration and other matters permitted in an operating agreement and consistent with law; no member gains vested property right from an articles provision (§ 275.025(2), (4)–(5)) |
FastTrack online (no copies) or mail/in person (1 copy); $40. Qualifying veteran-owned business pays no articles fee and submits redacted ownership evidence; agent consent may be on form or attachment (§ 14A.2-165; Form KLC) |
Exists when SOS files articles, or at stated delayed date/time no later than 90 days after filing; date without time = 5 p.m. Frankfort time (§§ 275.020(2), 14A.2-070) |
No formation publication or separate initial report. First annual report is the following calendar year and belongs to the recurring-report survey (Form KLC) |
| Louisiana verified 2026-07-29 | Louisiana LLC Law, Title 12 ch. 22; file Articles of Organization and Initial Report together with SOS (La. R.S. 12:1304–1305) |
One or more persons capable of contracting may form; at least 1 executes and need not be member/manager; a signer acknowledges, or use authentic act. Every articles signer signs initial report, or attached-authority agent does (§§ 12:1304–1305) |
Written English articles; compliant name/designator; specific purpose or lawful-activity clause; state whether L3C. Perpetual by default, but current Form 365 asks duration (§§ 12:1303, 12:1305–1306) |
Initial report: registered-office location + municipal address, each agent's full name + municipal address, no P.O.-box-only; each agent gives notarized acceptance (§ 12:1305(E)) |
Current form chooses member- or manager-management. If selected, initial report publicly names/addresses first managers or, for member-management, members; otherwise supplemental report due when selected (§§ 12:1305(E)(4), 12:1312) |
May add authority limits, manager-management/restrictions, dissolution date, certificate-reliance clause, and other provisions not inconsistent with law (§ 12:1305(C)) |
GeauxBIZ online or mail/express/fax; 14 named parishes must file available documents online. Articles + Initial Report + notarized agent acceptance; $100 through Sept. 30, 2026, $125 Oct. 1 (SOS; Act 921) |
Certificate issuance completes organization; existence begins at filing, or at acknowledgment/authentic-act execution if filed within 5 days excluding legal holidays. May deliver up to 30 days ahead for specified filing date/time (§ 12:1304) |
No formation publication. Initial Report is filed with articles; if first managers/members were not selected, $25 Supplemental Initial Report is due as soon as selected ($30 Oct. 1) (§ 12:1305(E)(4); SOS) |
| Maine verified 2026-07-29 | Maine Limited Liability Company Act, 31 M.R.S. ch. 21; Secretary of State Certificate of Formation, Form MLLC-6, for ordinary domestic LLC (§§ 1501, 1531) |
1+ authorized persons execute; initial certificate signed by at least 1 authorized person. Agent/attorney-in-fact allowed; POA not filed. Form requires original signature, name/title, date, and oath/affirmation (§§ 1531, 1676; MLLC-6) |
Distinguishable name with LLC designator. Ordinary certificate has no purpose or duration term; low-profit/professional designations are optional special-status fields outside ordinary scope (§§ 1508, 1531; MLLC-6) |
Commercial-agent name/CRA number, or noncommercial-agent name, Maine physical address, and different mailing address if any. No principal-office or organizer-address field (§ 1531; 5 M.R.S. § 105; MLLC-6) |
No management election, manager/member name, owner address, or ownership percentage in ordinary certificate. Agreement and 1+ members must exist separately (§ 1531) |
May attach statement of authority or other matters members determine to include. Current form offers optional low-profit/professional designations, excluded here (§§ 1531, 1673; MLLC-6) |
Current public route is fillable paper MLLC-6 printed and mailed/delivered; $175. Packet includes customer-contact cover letter. No substantive ordinary attachment unless adding optional authority/other matters; expedite optional (§§ 1673, 1680; SOS) |
Formed at filing or stated later date/time if § 1531 substantially complied with; delay capped at 90 days. No-time delayed date is 12:01 a.m.; filing ineffective until fee paid (§§ 1531, 1674, 1680) |
No formation publication or one-time initial report under current Act/form. First annual report is Jan. 1–June 1 of year after formation; recurring fee currently $85 (§§ 1665, 1680) |
| Maryland verified 2026-07-29 | Maryland Limited Liability Company Act, Md. Code, Corps. & Ass'ns Title 4A; Articles of Organization accepted by SDAT (§§ 4A-202, 4A-204) |
Any person may form; articles signed by at least one individual authorized by the persons forming the LLC. Attorney-in-fact allowed; current form separately requires resident-agent consent signature (§§ 4A-202(a), 4A-206; 05/2026 form) |
Distinguishable name with LLC designator. No purpose or duration term required; current form marks purpose optional, and any lawful activity except acting as insurer is allowed (§§ 1-502(b), 1-504, 4A-201, 4A-204) |
Maryland principal-office address plus resident-agent name and Maryland physical address; no P.O. box on current form. Return address suggested, not required (§§ 4A-204(a)(2), 4A-210; 05/2026 form) |
No management election and no member, manager, or owner names required. Filing may optionally limit members' authority to act solely because they are members (§ 4A-204(a)(3); 05/2026 form) |
May add any provision not inconsistent with law, including a member-authority limitation; enumerated statutory powers need not be repeated. A later effective time may be stated (§§ 4A-202(b), 4A-204(a)(3), (b)) |
$100 standard filing online through Maryland Business Express, by mail, or by hand delivery. Resident-agent consent is signed in the articles; no separate ordinary attachment. Expedite fees are optional (§ 1-203(b)(4); 05/2026 form, July 29, 2026) |
Forms when SDAT accepts the articles for record or at a later time stated in them, assuming substantial compliance; no maximum delay stated. SDAT endorses and acknowledges acceptance date/time (§§ 4A-202(b), 4A-207(c)) |
No newspaper/database publication, proof filing, or separate initial report. Maryland's annual report is a later recurring filing, not part of formation (§ 4A-911(c); 05/2026 form) |
| Massachusetts verified 2026-07-29 | Massachusetts Limited Liability Company Act, G.L. c. 156C; Certificate of Organization filed with Secretary of the Commonwealth (§ 12) |
One or more authorized persons execute; before formation, signer is person(s) forming LLC. Agent may sign; authorization need not be written/filed. Signature affirms truth under perjury penalties (§§ 12(a), 15) |
FEIN if available; compliant LLC name; general character of business; latest dissolution date only if specified (G.L. c. 156C §§ 3, 12(a); 950 CMR 112.11) |
Massachusetts records-office street address; resident-agent name/street address; agent's written consent in or attached to certificate (§ 12(a)(2)-(3); 950 CMR 112.11) |
List every manager and address if managers exist. If none, say so and name at least one other person authorized to file documents; member/owner names otherwise not required (§ 12(a)(5)-(6); 950 CMR 112.11) |
May name real-property instrument signers and include other authorized-person-selected matters. Certificate/written agreement may set indemnity and liability limits, but not indemnify an adjudicated lack of good faith (§§ 8, 12(a)(8)-(9)) |
$500 base; file electronically, by authorized fax, mail, or personal/courier delivery. Agent consent may be on certificate or attached; no ordinary-LLC cover sheet or other mandatory attachment listed (950 CMR 112.09-.11; Secretary, July 29, 2026) |
Formed when initial certificate is filed/approved, or on a later date certain stated in certificate, after substantial compliance. No maximum delay stated (§ 12(b); 950 CMR 112.10) |
No newspaper/database publication, proof filing, or separate initial report. § 12(c) requires later recurring annual reports, not an immediate post-formation report |
| Michigan verified 2026-07-29 | Michigan Limited Liability Company Act; LARA Corporations Division Articles of Organization, Form 700 (MCL §§ 450.4101-.4102, 450.4202-.4203) |
One or more persons may organize and need not become members; original articles signed as organizers with names printed beneath/opposite signatures (MCL §§ 450.4103(1), 450.4202(1)) |
Compliant LLC name/designator and lawful-purpose statement required; duration stated only if other than perpetual (MCL §§ 450.4201-.4204) |
Resident-agent name; Michigan registered-office street address and different mailing address. No principal-office or organizer address required (MCL § 450.4203(1)(c); Form 700) |
State manager-management only if applicable; otherwise member-managed by default. No member, owner, manager, or organizer address disclosed (MCL §§ 450.4203(1)(d), 450.4401) |
May add any provision not inconsistent with Michigan law, including permitted operating-agreement terms; may state nonperpetual duration and delayed effectiveness (MCL §§ 450.4202-.4203, 450.4104(6)) |
Online, mail, or in person; $50 base fee; no ordinary mandatory attachment. Veteran-majority waiver requires affidavit plus qualifying discharge records (MCL §§ 450.4104(1), 450.5101; Form 700) |
Existence begins when articles take effect: endorsement time or stated later time ≤90 days after delivery (MCL §§ 450.4104(6), 450.4202(2)) |
No publication/proof filing. First Annual Statement due next Feb. 15, except formation after Sept. 30 skips that immediately following date; $25 through Sept. 30, 2027, then $15 (MCL §§ 450.4207(3), 450.5101(1)(g)) |
| Minnesota verified 2026-07-29 | Minnesota Revised Uniform LLC Act, ch. 322C; Articles of Organization filed with Secretary of State (Minn. Stat. § 322C.0201) |
One or more persons may organize; each organizer's name/street address is public and at least one organizer signs. Organizer may be an individual or entity and need not become a member (§§ 322C.0102, .0201, .0203) |
English-character name with 'limited liability company' or 'LLC'; no purpose term required, any lawful purpose allowed, and duration is perpetual (§§ 322C.0104, .0108, .0201) |
Minnesota registered-office street address required; P.O. box alone barred. Agent is optional and, if designated, only the agent name is stated at that office (§§ 5.36, 322C.0113, .0201) |
No member/manager/board election and no owner, member, manager, or governor names required. Organizer disclosure does not establish ownership (§ 322C.0201(2), (4)(c)) |
Other statements allowed, but an operating-agreement-forbidden clause is ineffective and an articles clause cannot itself serve as a statement of authority (§§ 322C.0112(3), .0201(3)) |
$135 by mail; $155 online or expedited in person. No ordinary attachment; name-conflict consent is conditional. Form also collects official-notice email and filing contact (SOS, July 29, 2026) |
Forms when articles are filed with the $135 payment; original articles are excepted from the general delayed-date rule, and the current form has no delayed-date field (§§ 322C.0201(4), .0205(3)) |
No publication, proof filing, or separate initial report. Free annual renewal begins the next calendar year and is due by December 31 (§ 322C.0208(b); SOS, July 29, 2026) |
| Mississippi verified 2026-07-29 | Revised Mississippi LLC Act; Secretary of State Certificate of Formation, Form F0100 (Miss. Code §§ 79-29-101, -201) |
No organizer title or member-status condition. 1+ authorized persons sign; state signer name, capacity, street and mailing address. Agent/attorney-in-fact may sign (§ 79-29-207) |
Distinguishable name with “limited liability company,” “L.L.C.,” or “LLC”; no purpose clause. Any lawful business; optional latest dissolution date (§§ 79-29-109, -117, -201) |
Commercial agent name only; otherwise noncommercial agent name, address, and email. No principal-office address required in certificate (§§ 79-29-201(1)(b), 79-35-5(a)) |
Certificate requires no management election, manager/member names, or owner percentages. Recurring annual report later names managers or at least 1 member (§§ 79-29-201, -215) |
Members may add other matters and a dissolution date; certificate/operating agreement remain subject to § 79-29-123's nonwaivable limits (§§ 79-29-201(1)(c), (2), 79-29-123(3)) |
Create filing in SOS online system; submit/pay online or print and mail with payment. $50; no ordinary-LLC attachment required by statute or current fee/filing instructions (§ 79-29-1203; SOS) |
Formed on filing of a substantially compliant certificate, or stated later date/time up to 90 days; no filing is effective until fee is paid (§§ 79-29-201(3), -1203(1)) |
No formation publication or one-time initial report. $0 annual report recurs online by April 15; failure may cause administrative dissolution (§§ 79-29-215, -1203(1)(j); SOS) |
| Missouri verified 2026-07-29 | Missouri Limited Liability Company Act; Articles of Organization filed with Secretary of State (Mo. Rev. Stat. §§ 347.037, .039; Form LLC-1) |
Any person may organize, whether or not a member or manager; every organizer signs and is publicly named/addressed. Power-of-attorney execution allowed; signing affirms truth and authority (§§ 347.037, .039(1)(6), .047) |
Compliant LLC name; purpose, including any/all lawful business; dissolution events, stated years, or perpetual duration (§§ 347.020, .039(1)(1)-(2), (5)) |
Registered-office street address and registered-agent name required; every organizer gives physical business/residence address. Principal office is optional on current form (§ 347.039(1)(3), (6); LLC-1) |
Choose manager- or member-management. Ordinary articles do not name members, managers, or owners; organizer names are disclosed but organizer status need not mean ownership (§§ 347.037(1), .039(1)(4), (6)) |
May include operating-agreement provisions that are not inconsistent with law or the LLC Act; current form also permits an optional principal-office field. Ordinary series terms are outside scope (§ 347.039(3); LLC-1) |
$45 online or $100 paper base fee; Secretary may add $5 technology fee through Dec. 31, 2026. Current paper LLC-1 total is $105. No ordinary attachment; series election needs LLC-1A (§§ 347.179, .740; LLC-1, July 29, 2026) |
Forms when articles are filed or on a stated later date no more than 90 days after filing; filed copy is conclusive evidence of formation conditions (§ 347.037(2)-(3)) |
No newspaper/database publication, proof filing, or separate initial report; Missouri LLCs do not file annual reports with Secretary of State (current LLC-1 and SOS Startup Guide) |
| Montana verified 2026-07-29 | Montana Limited Liability Company Act, MCA tit. 35 ch. 8; Secretary of State online Articles of Organization for ordinary domestic LLC (§§ 35-8-101, -201 to -202) |
1+ persons sign/file and need not be members before or after formation. Preformation signer is person forming; state name/capacity. Attorney-in-fact allowed; POA not filed (§§ 35-8-201, -204) |
Compliant LLC name; state whether term company and, if so, the term. No purpose clause required; statutory powers need not be restated (§§ 35-8-103, -202(1)(a)–(b), (2)) |
Complete business mailing address of principal office; commercial-agent name or noncommercial-agent name/address. Appointment affirms agent consent (§§ 35-8-202(1)(c)–(d), 35-7-105) |
Choose manager/member management; list all initial managers or initial members with business mailing addresses. State whether any member assumes company debts; no ownership percentages (§ 35-8-202(1)(e)–(f)) |
May add lawful provisions, including authority limits; cannot vary § 35-8-109 nonwaivable rules. Agreement controls insiders; articles control reasonably relying outsiders (§ 35-8-202(1)(k), (3)) |
Online SOS portal; $35 for ordinary LLC. No ordinary attachment; series operating agreements and $50-per-series charges are outside scope. Optional 24-hour $20 or 1-hour $100 processing (SOS) |
Existence begins when articles are filed unless a delayed effective date is specified; § 35-8-201 states no maximum delay. Filing requires compliant documents and paid fees (§§ 35-8-201, -205) |
No formation publication or one-time initial report under current Act/portal. First annual report is Jan. 1–Apr. 15 of year after formation; current on-time fee is waived (§ 35-8-208; SOS) |
| Nebraska verified 2026-07-29 | Nebraska Uniform Limited Liability Company Act; Secretary of State Certificate of Organization for an ordinary domestic LLC (Neb. Rev. Stat. §§ 21-101, 21-117) |
1+ persons may organize; initial certificate signed by at least 1 organizer, and an agent may sign. Organizer need not be the member required at formation (§§ 21-102(15)–(16), 21-117(a), (d)(1), 21-119) |
Name with “limited liability company,” “limited company,” “L.L.C.,” “LLC,” “L.C.,” or “LC.” No purpose/duration term; lawful purpose and perpetual duration default (§§ 21-104, 21-108, 21-117(b)) |
Initial designated-office street and mailing addresses; agent name plus street, mailing, and any PO-box address. Both Nebraska street addresses appear on current form (§§ 21-113, 21-117(b)(2); SOS form) |
No member-/manager-management election, manager/member names, or ownership percentages. Organizer printed name/signature is public; formation separately requires at least 1 member (§ 21-117; SOS form) |
May add other matters, but certificate is not a statement of authority and a term barred from the operating agreement remains ineffective in the record (§§ 21-112(c), 21-117(c)) |
Upload signed PDF through eDelivery for $100, or submit in office/by mail for $110. No ordinary attachment; professional registration certificate is outside scope (§§ 21-117(a), 21-192(1)(a); SOS) |
SOS filing + at least 1 member; specified time on filing date allowed, or delayed date/time capped at 90 days. Before effectiveness, all initial organizers may sign/file cancellation (§§ 21-117(d), 21-119(a)(4), 21-121(c)) |
Publish required certificate fields 3 successive weeks in a legal newspaper of general circulation near designated office; file proof. No fixed deadline; cure validates prior/later acts. Proof fee $25 online/$30 written (§ 21-193; SOS) |
| Nevada verified 2026-07-29 | Nevada LLC Act, NRS ch. 86; Secretary of State Articles of Organization (§§ 86.151, .161, .201) |
1+ persons; signer need not become a member. Every organizer signing is publicly named/addressed and signs under the form's perjury/false-instrument declaration (§§ 86.151, .161(1)(c); SOS packet) |
Distinguishable name with Nevada LLC designator; no purpose clause. Perpetual unless articles state an optional latest dissolution date (§§ 86.161–.171; SOS packet) |
Registered-agent choice plus Nevada street/mailing address and signed acceptance; every organizer address; every initial manager or member address. No ordinary principal-office field (§§ 77.300–.310, 86.161; SOS packet) |
Must elect manager- or member-management and publicly name/address ALL initial managers or, for member-management, ALL initial members; initial list repeats all managers/managing members (§§ 86.161(1)(d), .263(1)) |
May add lawful internal-affairs provisions and optional dissolution date; series/restricted elections only when chosen. Statutory powers and ordinary contracting-authority clauses need not be restated (§ 86.161(2)–(3); SOS packet) |
SilverFlume or paper packet; $75 articles + mandatory $150 initial list + $200 state business license = $425. Agent acceptance and customer-order instructions accompany paper filing (§§ 76.100, 86.263, 86.561; SOS) |
Legally organized when SOS files articles AND required fees are paid; no delayed-effective-date option for original articles. Filing alone does not mean business commenced (§§ 86.151(2)–(3), .201) |
No formation publication or proof filing. Initial list and state business license accompany articles; annual list/license renew in formation-anniversary month thereafter (§§ 76.100, 86.263; SOS packet) |
| New Hampshire verified 2026-07-29 | New Hampshire Revised Limited Liability Company Act, RSA ch. 304-C; Secretary of State Certificate of Formation, Form LLC-1, for ordinary domestic LLC (§ 304-C:31) |
1+ authorized persons deliver. Manager, member if no manager, fiduciary, or—unless the operating agreement says otherwise—any authorized person may sign; state signer name/capacity (§§ 304-C:28, :31) |
Compliant LLC name; specific primary business nature or purpose required—current form rejects only “any lawful activity.” No duration field (§§ 304-C:21, :31–:32; LLC-1) |
Registered-agent name/address and identical New Hampshire registered-office street address required. Principal office/mailing, phone, email, and reminder election are optional (§§ 304-C:31, :36; LLC-1) |
Mandatory member- versus manager-management election. Current form makes manager/member names, business addresses, and titles optional; no ownership percentages (§ 304-C:31; LLC-1) |
May add other information and any other matters members or managers choose, subject to lawful-purpose limits. Extra pages allowed (§§ 304-C:21, :28, :31; LLC-1) |
Online or 1-original paper filing. $100 base fee; electronic payment adds $2, so $102 online. No ordinary attachment; paper must be black ink on 8.5×11-inch paper (§ 5:10-a; SOS/LLC-1) |
Formed at filing, electronic acceptance, a later time that day, or specified delayed date/time ≤90 days; no-time delayed date is effective at close of business (§§ 304-C:29, :31) |
No formation publication or one-time initial report under current Act/form. Annual reporting ordinarily starts Jan. 1–Apr. 1 after the formation year; Dec. 1–Apr. 1 formations skip that current-year report (§ 304-C:194) |
| New Jersey verified 2026-07-29 | New Jersey Revised Uniform Limited Liability Company Act; online Certificate of Formation filed with Treasury's Division of Revenue and Enterprise Services (N.J.S.A. §§ 42:2C-2, -18) |
One or more persons may organize; at least one organizer signs, and an agent including an attorney-in-fact may sign. 'Person' includes individuals and legal or commercial entities (§§ 42:2C-2, -18, -20) |
Certificate requires the compliant LLC name only; lawful purpose and perpetual duration are statutory defaults, not required certificate terms (§§ 42:2C-4, -8, -18) |
Initial registered office street and mailing addresses plus initial service-of-process agent name; no principal-office or organizer address in the statutory minimum (§ 42:2C-18(b)) |
No management election and no member, manager, or owner names or addresses in the statutory required-content list (§ 42:2C-18(b)) |
Additional statements permitted; a certificate statement is not effective as a statement of authority. A delayed effective date may be stated (§§ 42:2C-18(c), -22(c)) |
Online. Treasury posts $100 as of July 1, 2026, while § 42:2C-93(a)(4) still says $125; the Act states no mandatory formation attachment |
Formed when DORES files the certificate, or on its delayed date, and the company has at least 1 member; no statutory delay cap, and pre-effective dissolution prevents formation (§§ 42:2C-18(d)-(e), -22(c)) |
No newspaper/database publication or separate initial entity report. Treasury separately directs filing NJ-REG after the certificate; that tax/employer registration is outside this survey |
| New Mexico verified 2026-07-29 | New Mexico Limited Liability Company Act, Ch. 53, Art. 19; Secretary of State Articles of Organization for an ordinary domestic LLC (NMSA 1978 §§ 53-19-1, -7 to -10) |
1+ persons may form; organizer need not be a member. Preformation document is signed by a forming person, stating name and capacity; attorney-in-fact allowed without filing POA (§§ 53-19-7, -12) |
Compliant name and any different NM transaction name; no purpose clause. State duration only if not perpetual; lawful business allowed (§§ 53-19-3, -6, -8(A), (C)) |
Initial agent name, registered-office street address, and principal-business street address if different. Separate signed agent acceptance accompanies articles (§§ 53-19-5, -8(B), -9(A)(2)) |
State if management is vested to any extent in a manager and if LLC may operate as single-member. No manager/member names or ownership percentages required (§ 53-19-8(D)–(E)) |
Signers may add other provisions, including internal-affairs rules; other laws still govern a specially regulated purpose. Different-name, duration, manager, and single-member statements are conditional (§§ 53-19-6, -8) |
Online-only SOS business filing; $50. Statutory package includes signed articles and separate signed registered-agent acceptance; portal replaces paper original/duplicate workflow (§§ 53-19-9, -63(A); SOS) |
Formed on filing or any later date/time stated in articles, if substantially compliant. Act states no maximum delay; filed-stamped copy conclusively proves compliance and organization (§ 53-19-10) |
No formation publication, proof, annual/biennial report, or one-time initial report in the complete LLC Act or current SOS formation route; dissolution publication is a separate later-life rule (§ 53-19-46) |
| New York verified 2026-07-29 | New York Limited Liability Company Law; Department of State Articles of Organization (§ 203) |
One or more persons may organize; any person or business entity may serve and need not be a member. Organizer signs; signer name and capacity required (§§ 203(a)-(b), 207) |
Name with Limited Liability Company, L.L.C., or LLC; purpose is optional; dissolution date stated only if a specific date is chosen (§§ 203(e), 204(a)) |
New York county of office; SOS designation; process-forwarding postal address; optional service-notice email and private registered agent; filer name/mailing address (§ 203(e); DOS-1336-f) |
No manager, member, management-choice, or ownership list required in ordinary articles; optional authority limits or member-liability election may be stated (§ 203(e)(6)-(7)) |
Specific dissolution date, private registered agent, member-liability election, purpose, authority limits, and other lawful internal-affairs terms allowed (§ 203(e)(3), (5)-(7)) |
Online filing available; DOS also publishes paper Form DOS-1336-f. $200 base fee; current form includes a cover sheet and lists no separate ordinary-LLC attachment (DOS, as of July 29, 2026) |
Formed on filing or a stated later time no more than 60 days after filing; at least one member required at formation (§ 203(c)-(d)) |
Within 120 days after effectiveness: publish once weekly for 6 successive weeks in 2 county-clerk-designated papers, then file $50 Certificate of Publication + both affidavits; omission suspends business authority (§ 206) |
| North Carolina verified 2026-07-29 | North Carolina LLC Act; Secretary of State Articles of Organization, Form L-01 (N.C. Gen. Stat. §§ 57D-1-01, 57D-2-20–57D-2-21) |
One or more persons cause formation; articles executed by organizer(s), member(s), or organizing-entity representatives. List every executor's name/address/capacity; all listed sign; no notary (§§ 57D-1-20, 57D-2-21, 55D-10) |
Compliant LLC name; no purpose term required for ordinary LLC. Statutory duration is perpetual and default business is any lawful business (§§ 55D-20–55D-21, 57D-2-01) |
Initial agent name; registered-office street + mailing addresses and county; principal-office street/mailing addresses and county if one exists (§ 57D-2-21(a)) |
Every executor publicly identifies as member or organizer; no general owner/manager list. Initial members and company officials may be listed optionally (§§ 57D-2-21, 57D-3-01; L-01) |
Any provision permitted in an operating agreement may be included; purpose, initial members, and company officials may be added (§ 57D-2-21(b); L-01) |
Online or paper Form L-01; $125 base fee. Paper cover sheet BE-01 is recommended, not mandatory; no ordinary required attachment (§§ 57D-1-22(a)(1), 55D-10; SOS) |
Formed when filed articles take effect; filing date/time or specified date/time ≤90 days. Date without time = 11:59:59 p.m. Raleigh time (§§ 57D-2-20(b), 55D-13) |
No publication/proof filing; first $200 Annual Report due April 15 of year after formation (§§ 57D-2-24(b), 57D-1-22(a)(28)) |
| North Dakota verified 2026-07-29 | North Dakota Uniform Limited Liability Company Act, N.D.C.C. ch. 10-32.1; Secretary of State Articles of Organization for an ordinary domestic LLC (§ 10-32.1-20) |
One or more organizers: an individual must be at least 18; another person may also organize. List every organizer's name/address; at least one organizer signs (§§ 10-32.1-02(49), -20) |
State a compliant, distinguishable name using limited liability company, L.L.C., or LLC. No purpose or duration statement required (§§ 10-32.1-11, -20(2)) |
Commercial-agent name only, or noncommercial-agent name and North Dakota address; principal executive office; every organizer's address (§ 10-32.1-20(2); ch. 10-01.1) |
No management election and no manager, governor, member, or ownership disclosure required in the ordinary articles; formation alone does not make anyone a member (§ 10-32.1-20(2), (4)(d)) |
May add a delayed date and other statements, but articles cannot supply a statement of authority or make effective a term barred by § 10-32.1-13(3) (§§ 10-32.1-15(3), -20(2)–(3)) |
File through FirstStop; $135. No routine ordinary-LLC attachment, except consent or a North Dakota judgment if using an otherwise indistinguishable name (§§ 10-32.1-11(3), -92(1); SOS) |
Formed when the Secretary files the articles or on a stated later date, no more than 90 days after filing; conforming filing and full fee are required (§§ 10-32.1-20(4), -86) |
No formation publication or one-time initial report. First annual report is due before Nov. 16 in the calendar year after the articles' effective-date year (§ 10-32.1-89(3); SOS) |
| Ohio verified 2026-07-29 | Ohio Revised LLC Act; Secretary of State Articles of Organization (Ohio Rev. Code §§ 1706.02, 1706.16) |
One or more persons execute; at least one person signs. An agent, including an attorney-in-fact, may sign (§§ 1706.16(A), 1706.17) |
Compliant LLC name/designator; no purpose or duration field required; statutory duration is perpetual (§§ 1706.07(A), 1706.16(A), 1706.04(B)) |
Statutory-agent name and Ohio street address, plus agent-signed written acceptance (§§ 1706.16(A)(2), 1706.09(B)-(C)) |
No manager, member, or owner disclosure required in ordinary articles (§ 1706.16(A)) |
Other matters organizers or members choose may be included; series statement only if applicable (§ 1706.16(A)(3)-(4)) |
Online through Ohio Business Central or paper Form 610; $99 base fee; signed statutory-agent acceptance required (SOS, as of July 29, 2026; § 111.16(F)) |
Formed on filing or specified later date/time; delayed date capped at 90 days (§§ 1706.16(B), 1706.172(D)) |
No publication, proof, or initial report; ordinary LLCs file no annual or biennial report (SOS, as of July 29, 2026) |
| Oklahoma verified 2026-07-29 | Oklahoma Limited Liability Company Act, 18 O.S. §§ 2000–2060; Secretary of State Articles of Organization (§§ 2004–2007) |
One or more persons may form; at least 1 signer, who need not be a member. Attorney-in-fact permitted without proof of authority; signature affirms truth under perjury penalties (§§ 2004(A), 2006) |
Compliant distinguishable LLC name/designator and term, which may be perpetual; no purpose clause required (§§ 2005(A), 2008) |
Principal-place street address wherever located; registered agent name + Oklahoma street address identical to registered office. Agent email added Nov. 1, 2026 (§ 2005(A)(3); 2026 O.S.L. ch. 277) |
No management election or manager/member/owner names required in articles. Manager-managed by default; articles or operating agreement may instead provide no designated managers (§§ 2005, 2013, 2015) |
May include any other matters members choose, including management terms and permitted liability/indemnification clauses; cannot eliminate loyalty, good faith/fair dealing, or specified misconduct liability (§§ 2005(C), 2017) |
Electronic filing or official form submission; 1 signed copy; $100 base fee. Cited ordinary-LLC filing provisions require no separate agent acceptance, cover sheet, or owner/manager attachment (§§ 2006–2007, 2055; Oklahoma.gov, as of July 29, 2026) |
Formed when SOS files articles, unless they state a date/time no later than 90 days after filing; SOS filing is conclusive evidence of formation (§§ 2004(B), 2007(B)) |
No formation publication, proof filing, or separate initial report. First $25 annual certificate is due on the filing anniversary and belongs to the recurring-report survey (§ 2055.2) |
| Oregon verified 2026-07-29 | Oregon LLC Act, ORS ch. 63; Corporation Division Articles of Organization (ORS 63.044–.051) |
One or more age-18+ individuals or entities; need not be members. Articles signed by/on behalf of forming persons; each organizer named/addressed and signs with name, capacity, and perjury declaration (§§ 63.004, 63.044, 63.047(1)(e)) |
Compliant LLC name/designator; perpetual statement or latest dissolution date. No purpose clause for ordinary LLC; any lawful business permitted (§§ 63.047(1)(a), (f), 63.074, 63.094) |
Registered-office Oregon street address + different mailing address; agent name; state-notice mailing; principal-office physical street + different mailing; every organizer address; direct-knowledge person's address (§ 63.047(1)(b), (c), (e), (h), (i)) |
State manager-management if used; current form requires member/manager choice. Publicly name/address 1 member, manager, or authorized representative with direct knowledge; no full owner/manager roster or percentages required (§ 63.047(1)(d), (i); SOS form) |
Other lawful internal-affairs provisions allowed; current form offers benefit-company and indemnification elections. Professional-service statement applies only if relevant and is outside ordinary scope (§ 63.047(1)(g), (2); SOS form) |
Online or paper by mail/fax; $100 nonrefundable processing fee. Ordinary form has no separate mandatory attachment; attach extra pages only for added provisions or fields (SOS, as of July 29, 2026) |
Exists when SOS files articles, or at stated delayed date/time no later than 90 days after filing; date without time = 12:01 a.m. (§§ 63.011, 63.051) |
No formation publication, proof filing, or separate initial report. Annual renewal is later and belongs to the recurring-report survey (ORS ch. 63; SOS fee schedule) |
| Pennsylvania verified 2026-07-29 | Pennsylvania Uniform Limited Liability Company Act of 2016; Department of State Certificate of Organization (§§ 8811, 8821) |
One or more associations or individuals age 18+ may organize; every organizer is named and signs. Entity organizer uses authorized representative (§§ 8821(a), 8823(a)(2); form) |
Compliant name with company/limited/limited liability company designator; lawful purpose need not be stated for ordinary for-profit LLC; duration is perpetual (§§ 204(c), 8818(b)-(c), 8821(b)) |
Pennsylvania registered-office street/rural-route address + county, or CROP name + county; return address/email and separate tax-responsible-party mailing address also collected (§§ 109, 135(c); forms) |
Certificate requires no manager/member, management-choice, or owner list. Organizer names are filed; separate docketing statement names a tax-responsible individual but is not a filed document (§§ 134, 8821(b)) |
Other statements allowed but cannot vary § 8815(c)-(d) inconsistently; future effective date and additional provisions allowed. Special benefit/professional terms are outside ordinary scope (§ 8821(c); form) |
Business Filing Services online or paper by mail; $125. Completed DSCB:15-134A docketing statement required; name consent/agency approvals and veteran-exemption proof only when applicable (form, as of July 29, 2026) |
Formed when certificate becomes effective: delivery/filing by default or specified future date/time; no maximum delay stated. Filing may be abandoned before effectiveness (§§ 136(c), 141, 8821(f)) |
No ordinary-LLC formation advertisement stated. First annual report due next calendar year by Sept. 30; $7 for-profit LLC fee (§§ 146(c)(2), 153(a)(18); DOS) |
| Rhode Island verified 2026-07-29 | Current Rhode Island Limited Liability Company Act, ch. 7-16; Department of State Articles of Organization, Form 400, for ordinary domestic LLC. Replacement ch. 7-16.1 starts Jan. 1, 2028 (§§ 7-16-1, -6; 2026 ch. 247) |
Articles signed by 1+ authorized persons who need not be members; state signer name/address. Attorney-in-fact allowed; POA not filed. Execution affirms truth; Form 400 uses perjury declaration (§§ 7-16-6(a)(7), -7) |
Distinguishable name ending “limited liability company” or “L.L.C.”; mandatory intended federal tax-treatment choice. Lawful-business/perpetual defaults unless articles limit purpose/duration (§§ 7-16-3, -6(a)(1), (3), (5), 7-16-9) |
Resident-agent name and Rhode Island street address required; principal-office address if determined, otherwise current form permits “not yet determined.” Signer address and required filer-contact sheet are public/packet fields (§§ 7-16-6, -11; Form 400) |
Choose member or manager management. If managers exist at formation, list each name/address; member-managed filing lists no members. No ownership percentages (§ 7-16-6(a)(6); Form 400) |
May add lawful provisions, including limited purpose/duration and operating-agreement provisions; attachments allowed. Statutory powers need not be restated (§ 7-16-6(a)(5), (b); Form 400) |
Online $150 + $6 enhanced fee = $156; paper by mail or in person $150. Filer Contact Information sheet required. No substantive ordinary attachment unless adding optional provisions (SOS fee schedule/Form 400) |
Effective when Department issues certificate/evidence of accepted filing, or on stated later date ≤90 days after filing. Form 400 offers date received or later date (§ 7-16-8(f)–(g)) |
No formation publication or one-time initial report under current Act/form. First annual report is Feb. 1–May 1 of year after formation; $50 base fee. Recheck under replacement act for 2028 filings (§§ 7-16-65 to -66; 2026 ch. 247) |
| South Carolina verified 2026-07-29 | South Carolina Uniform LLC Act of 1996, Title 33 ch. 44; Articles of Organization filed with Secretary of State (S.C. Code §§ 33-44-202 to -203) |
One or more persons may organize; each organizer's name/address is public and current form requires every listed organizer to sign. Signer name/capacity required; attorney-in-fact allowed (§§ 33-44-101, -202, -203, -205) |
Distinguishable name with LLC/limited-company designator; no purpose statement required and any lawful purpose allowed. State a term only for a term company; otherwise at-will (§§ 33-44-101, -105, -112, -203) |
South Carolina initial designated-office address plus agent name and South Carolina street address; current form requires agent signature. No principal or mailing address in minimum articles (§§ 33-44-108, -203; Form F0006) |
State whether manager-managed; if yes, name/address every initial manager. No ordinary member/owner list; member names appear only if electing personal liability (§ 33-44-203(a)(6)-(7)) |
May elect term-company status, member liability, delayed date, and other lawful or operating-agreement provisions; articles cannot vary § 33-44-103(b)'s nonwaivable rules (§ 33-44-203(b)-(c)) |
$110 online or paper. Paper checklist requires two completed copies and self-addressed stamped return envelope; added provisions use an attachment, but no routine separate attachment (§ 33-44-1204; Form F0006, July 29, 2026) |
Exists when articles are filed unless delayed; filing record may specify date/time up to 90 days after filing. Accepted filing is endorsed with effective time (§§ 33-44-202(b), -206(c)-(d)) |
No formation newspaper/database publication, proof filing, or separate initial report under current Chapter 44 or Form F0006 (verified July 29, 2026) |
| South Dakota verified 2026-07-29 | South Dakota LLC Act, SDCL ch. 47-34A; Secretary of State Articles of Organization for ordinary domestic LLC (§ 47-34A-203) |
List every organizer name/address. Preformation filing signed by organizer with adjacent name/capacity; attorney-in-fact allowed and POA retained, not filed (§§ 47-34A-203(a)(4), -205; SOS form) |
Distinguishable name with permitted LLC designator; purpose optional. State duration only if not perpetual (§§ 47-34A-105, -203(a)(1), (5); SOS form) |
Initial designated-office street/mailing address; commercial agent or noncommercial agent with South Dakota street/mailing address. Form also offers optional email (§§ 47-34A-203(a)(2)–(3), 59-11-6; SOS form) |
Choose member/manager management; manager-managed filing lists every initial manager/address. Statute also requires member-liability election; current paper form omits dedicated field. Beneficial-owner list optional (§ 47-34A-203(a)(6)–(7); SOS form) |
May add operating-agreement provisions or other lawful matters; cannot vary § 47-34A-103(b). Agreement controls insiders; articles control reasonably relying outsiders (§ 47-34A-203(b)–(c)) |
Online $150; paper $165 including $15 paper fee. No ordinary attachment, but use added provision/custom route for required liability statement if current workflow lacks field. Optional expedite $50 (SOS) |
Effective at filing, later time that day, or specified delayed date/time ≤90 days; no-time delayed date is close of business (§ 47-34A-206(c)–(d)) |
No formation publication or one-time initial report under current Act/form. First annual report is due before Feb. 1 of year after formation; current fee $55 online/$70 paper (§§ 47-34A-211 to -212; 59-11-25; SOS) |
| Tennessee verified 2026-07-29 | Tennessee Revised LLC Act; Articles of Organization filed with Secretary of State (Tenn. Code Ann. §§ 48-249-101, -201 to -202; Form SS-4270) |
One or more persons act as organizers; current form requires organizer signature/date/name. Filing signer states name and capacity; authorized representative may execute (§§ 48-249-201, -1005; SS-4270) |
Distinguishable name with LLC designator; fiscal year-end month; up to 3 NAICS codes/descriptions. Duration is perpetual unless limited; prohibition on Tennessee business stated only if elected (§§ 48-249-104, -106, -202; SS-4270) |
Principal-office street/city/state/ZIP/county; different mailing address; LLC business email; Tennessee agent name, street/city/ZIP/county, and email. No P.O. box for principal or agent street fields (§ 48-249-202(a)(2)-(3); SS-4270) |
Choose member-, manager-, or director-managed; state exact member count for current form/fee. No member, manager, director, or owner names required in ordinary articles (§ 48-249-202(a)(4)-(5); SS-4270) |
May add lawful governance provisions, limited duration, ≤90-day future date/event, Tennessee-business prohibition, and narrow director-liability limits; may not vary § 48-249-205(b) nonwaivable rules (§ 48-249-202(b)-(d)) |
$50 per member; $300 minimum/$3,000 maximum. E-file, mail, or walk-in; electronic/in-person payment has convenience fee. No ordinary attachment; optional name-consent or obligated-member elections need their stated attachment (§ 48-249-1007(d); SS-4270, July 29, 2026) |
Forms on filing, stated future date, or specified event, never more than 90 days after initial filing. Filing/later date is conclusive proof; event route permits proof certificate within 30 days and has day-120 presumption rule (§ 48-249-201) |
No publication or separate initial report. If formation depends on a future event, organizer/member may file a Certificate of Formation within 30 days after event; if none by day 120, rebuttable presumption places formation on day 90 (§ 48-249-201(c)) |
| Texas verified 2026-07-29 | Texas Business Organizations Code chapters 3, 4, and 101; Secretary of State Certificate of Formation—LLC, Form 205 (§§ 3.001-.010) |
Any person with capacity to contract; each organizer signs and is named/addressed. One is enough; no Texas residency; no notarization (§§ 3.004, 3.005(a)(7); Form 205) |
Entity name/type; lawful purpose; duration only if not perpetual. Name needs an organizational designation (§§ 3.003, 3.005(a)(1)-(4); Form 205) |
Initial registered-office street address, initial agent name, initial mailing address, and each organizer's address (§ 3.005(a)(5)-(7)) |
State whether managers exist; list every initial manager, or every initial member if no managers, with addresses (§ 3.010) |
Other lawful organization, ownership, governance, business, or affairs terms allowed; limited duration may be added (§§ 3.003, 3.005(b); Form 205) |
SOSUpload PDF or duplicate mail/courier filing; $300 base fee. Agent consent required but copy not attached; credit-card fee is separate (Form 205, as of July 29, 2026) |
Existence begins when filing takes effect: on filing by default, or stated date/time or future event within 90 days; event route needs follow-up statement (§§ 3.001(c), 4.051-.056) |
No statewide publication or separate immediate SOS report stated in formation code/Form 205; initial mailing address routes Comptroller tax correspondence (Form 205) |
| Utah verified 2026-07-29 | Through Sept. 30, 2026: Utah Revised Uniform LLC Act, Title 48 ch. 3a; Division Certificate of Organization (§§ 48-3a-101, -201). Recodified into Title 16 on Oct. 1 (2026 Utah Laws ch. 93) |
1+ individuals or entities; organizer need not be a member. Initial certificate signed by at least 1 organizer or authorized agent; individual signer states name/capacity and affirms accuracy under perjury penalty (§§ 48-3a-102(17)–(18), -201, -203, -205, -210(3)) |
Distinguishable LLC name/designator; no purpose or duration field required. Any lawful purpose permitted and duration is perpetual; form offers optional purpose/duration (§§ 48-3a-104, -108, -201; Division instructions) |
Principal-office street + mailing addresses; commercial-agent name, or noncommercial-agent name + Utah street/rural-route and different mailing address, or office/position + business-office address (§§ 48-3a-201(2), 16-17-202–.203) |
No management election or manager/member/owner names required; Division instructions make names/addresses optional. Member-managed by default unless operating agreement selects managers (§§ 48-3a-201, -407; instructions) |
May add lawful statements, including purpose, duration, or optional managers/members; cannot create a statement of authority or vary § 48-3a-112(3)'s nonwaivable filing, agent, duty, or misconduct rules (§§ 48-3a-112, -201(3)) |
Online through UtahID or submit a paper filing; $59 nonrefundable. 1 original/true copy; extra exact copy + stamped return envelope only if filer requests a returned copy. No separate agent acceptance (§ 48-3a-205; Division, as of July 29, 2026) |
Formed when certificate is effective AND at least 1 person becomes a member; filing-effective by default or stated later date/time up to 90 days. Delayed filing withdrawable before effect (§§ 48-3a-201(4), -206–.207) |
No formation publication or separate initial report. First $18 annual report is due in the certificate's anniversary month in the following calendar year; then annually (§ 48-3a-212; FY2026 fee schedule) |
| Vermont verified 2026-07-29 | Vermont Limited Liability Company Act, 11 V.S.A. ch. 25; Secretary of State Articles of Organization for an ordinary domestic LLC (§§ 4022–4023) |
One or more organizers; need not be members at formation or later. List each organizer name/address; signer states name/capacity and affirms accuracy under perjury penalty (§§ 4022(a), 4023(a)(4), 4025) |
Distinguishable name with LLC designator; state if no members at filing and whether company is an L3C. No ordinary purpose or duration term; lawful purpose and perpetual duration are statutory defaults (§§ 4005, 4011(b)–(c), 4023(a)) |
Initial designated-office address, which may be outside Vermont; agent name, email, Vermont street and mailing addresses. Agent designation attests consent (§§ 4007, 1655, 4023(a)(2)–(3)) |
No management election or required manager/member list. Articles may optionally give name, email, and address for owners, officers, or other principals (§ 4023(b)(2)) |
May add operating-agreement provisions and other lawful matters; cannot vary § 4003(b)'s nonwaivable rules. Agreement controls insiders; articles control detrimental outsider reliance (§ 4023(b)–(c)) |
Online Business Service Center; paper form by request. $155; paper statute calls for signed original plus duplicate, with electronic equivalents allowed (§§ 4012(a)(1), 4026(a), (f); SOS) |
Existence begins when articles are filed unless delayed; stated time or delayed date/time allowed, capped at 90 days. No-time delayed date is 12:01 a.m. (§§ 4022(b), 4026(d)–(e)) |
No formation publication or proof filing. First $45 annual report due within three months after the first fiscal-year end; then annually (§§ 4012(a)(15), 4033) |
| Virginia verified 2026-07-29 | Virginia Limited Liability Company Act; Articles of Organization filed with the State Corporation Commission, current Form LLC1011 (Va. Code §§ 13.1-1010 to -1011) |
One or more organizers; organizer need not become a member. Current form requires all listed organizers to sign; print signer name/capacity, and entity-organizer block identifies entity plus individual signer/title (§§ 13.1-1003, -1010; Form LLC1011) |
Compliant LLC name; no purpose clause required. Any lawful business is permitted and duration is perpetual unless articles provide otherwise (§§ 13.1-1009, -1011 to -1012) |
Principal-office physical address; initial registered-agent name and qualification; Virginia registered-office physical address plus city/county locality (§ 13.1-1011; Form LLC1011) |
No management election or member/manager/owner names required. Members manage unless articles or a written operating agreement provides for managers (§§ 13.1-1011, -1022) |
Articles may include any matter permitted in an operating agreement and need not restate statutory powers; delayed effectiveness is optional. Prescribed form accepts no attachments, so custom provisions require self-prepared articles (§§ 13.1-1011, -1004; Form LLC1011) |
$100; file online through CIS, mail, or deliver in person. Form LLC1011 says send only the form and no attachments (§ 13.1-1005; SCC) |
Existence begins when SCC issues the Certificate of Organization; delayed time/date capped at earlier stated time or 11:59 p.m. on day 15 after issuance. All article parties may cancel before effectiveness (§ 13.1-1004) |
No newspaper/database publication, proof filing, or separate initial entity report in the current Act or formation package |
| Washington verified 2026-07-29 | Washington LLC Act plus chapter 23.95 RCW; Certificate of Formation delivered to the Secretary of State, current form revised June 2025 (RCW 25.15.071) |
One or more executors; each original certificate is executed by the person(s) forming the LLC and states every executor's name/address. Filing states each individual signer's name and capacity; form requires signature/date (RCW 25.15.071(1)(f), .086; 23.95.200) |
Compliant LLC name; duration selection with perpetual default or stated end; no purpose clause required, and any lawful purpose is allowed (RCW 23.95.305(5); 25.15.031, .071) |
Registered agent name/address and signed consent; principal-office physical address; email required for registered agent and principal office; existing UBI if assigned, otherwise state issues one (RCW 23.95.415; SOS form) |
Certificate requires no management election or owner names. Initial Report within 120 days names the LLC's governors: managers if manager-managed, members if member-managed (RCW 23.95.105(12), .255) |
Specific dissolution date, up-to-90-day delayed date, and other member-selected matters permitted. Online system accepts a prepared certificate or uploaded 'other provisions' but not an operating agreement (RCW 25.15.071; 23.95.210; SOS) |
$180 base; paper mail or CCFS online, with an online processing fee. Optional priority service adds $100; executor list/other provisions may be attached as needed (SOS, revised June 2025) |
Formed when Secretary files certificate; delayed effective date/time allowed up to 90 days after filing, with 12:01 a.m. default if date only. Filing conclusively proves formation conditions (§§ 25.15.071(2), 23.95.210) |
No publication. Initial Report due within 120 days; free with formation or $10 separately; lists entity/jurisdiction, agent, principal office, governors, business nature, and UBI (RCW 25.15.106; 23.95.255; SOS form) |
| West Virginia verified 2026-07-29 | West Virginia Uniform Limited Liability Company Act, Ch. 31B; Secretary of State Articles of Organization, Form LLD-1, for ordinary domestic LLC (§§ 31B-2-202 to -203) |
1+ persons organize; preformation record signed by organizer, stating adjacent name/capacity. Attorney-in-fact allowed; POA retained by company, not filed (§§ 31B-2-202, -205; Form LLD-1) |
Compliant name; required purpose(s); choose at-will or term and state term. Any lawful purpose subject to regulated-business law (§§ 31B-1-105, -112; 31B-2-203(a)(5), (8)) |
Principal mailing address; any WV designated office and private process agent; email unless technically impossible. LLD-1 also requests principal street/county and designated-office mailing (§ 31B-2-203(a)(2), (3), (9); SOS) |
Every organizer and member authorized to execute; manager-managed election and all initial managers. LLD-1 requires all members if member-managed or all managers if manager-managed, plus member-liability election (§ 31B-2-203(a)(4), (6), (7); SOS) |
May add operating-agreement provisions or other lawful matters, but cannot vary § 31B-1-103(b). Articles control outsiders who reasonably rely when agreement conflicts (§ 31B-2-203(b)–(c)) |
WV One Stop online or paper original; $100. Ordinary filing has no universal attachment; paper packet says include Customer Order Request. DD214 supports veteran waiver; regulated/professional attachments excluded (§ 59-1-2; SOS) |
Existence begins on filing unless delayed; record may state time that day or future date/time, capped at 90 days. No-time delayed date is effective at close of business (§§ 31B-2-202(b), 31B-2-206(c)–(d)) |
No formation publication or one-time initial report under current Act/form. Annual or elected biennial reporting applies after initial registration; first annual window is Jan. 1–July 1 after formation year (§ 31B-1-108(c); SOS) |
| Wisconsin verified 2026-07-29 | Wisconsin Uniform Limited Liability Company Law, ch. 183; Articles of Organization filed with Department of Financial Institutions (Wis. Stat. § 183.0201; Form 502) |
One or more persons may organize; at least one organizer signs. Every organizer's name/address is public; signer name/capacity required, and Wisconsin-executed paper form identifies drafter (§§ 183.0201, .0203, .0206; Form 502) |
Distinguishable name with LLC/limited-company designator plus statement LLC is organized under ch. 183. Purpose is optional; any lawful purpose allowed and duration is perpetual (§§ 183.0108, .0112, .0201(2)-(3)) |
Principal-office street and mailing addresses; initial agent name plus street, mailing, and email addresses. Registered office is Wisconsin physical street location; principal office may be elsewhere (§§ 183.0115, .0201(2)(c)-(d); Form 502) |
Manager-management statement optional; no member, manager, or owner names required. Every organizer is named/addressed, but organizer status need not mean ownership (§§ 183.0102(14)-(15), .0201(2)(e), (3)(a)) |
May add manager-management, purpose, governance, power limits, par value, written-operating-agreement provisions, and delayed date; clauses must be consistent with law (§ 183.0201(3); Form 502) |
$130 online; $170 paper Form 502 by mail, with optional $100 expedite. No ordinary attachment, but extra provisions use labeled pages; qualifying all-student startup may receive statutory fee waiver (§ 183.0122(2); Form 502, July 29, 2026) |
Articles normally effective on DFI receipt date at stated time or close of business; delayed date/time allowed up to 90 days. LLC forms when articles become effective; filing is conclusive proof (§§ 183.0201(4), .0207) |
No publication or separate initial report. Annual report starts in the year after the articles' effective calendar year, due in the anniversary quarter (§ 183.0212(3)(a); Form 502) |
| Wyoming verified 2026-07-29 | Wyoming Limited Liability Company Act, W.S. ch. 17-29; Secretary of State Articles of Organization for an ordinary domestic LLC (§ 17-29-201) |
One or more persons may organize; at least one organizer signs. Current form asks signature, printed name, and date; a filing may be signed by an agent (§§ 17-29-201(a), 17-29-203(a)(ii), (b)) |
Compliant LLC name; current form asks whether close-LLC status is elected. No ordinary purpose or duration statement required (§§ 17-29-108, 17-29-201(b); SOS form) |
Statute: initial registered-office street address and agent name. Form adds company mailing/principal addresses, contact email, electronic-service consent, and agent physical/email/mailing fields (§§ 17-29-201(b)–(c), 17-28-104(e); SOS form) |
No management election and no member, manager, or beneficial-owner list in ordinary articles. Public form still exposes addresses, contact information, certifications, and signatures (§ 17-29-201(b); SOS form/guide) |
May add other statements subject to § 17-29-112(c), but articles cannot function as a statement of authority. Current ordinary form separately asks whether close-LLC status is elected (§ 17-29-201(d); SOS form) |
WyoBiz online or paper mail; $100 base fee. Signed registered-agent consent required; online filer certifies consent was obtained and keeps it. Online card/debit adds convenience fee (§§ 17-29-201(c), 17-29-210(a)(i); SOS) |
Formed when articles become effective: receipt/filing time, later same-day time, or delayed date/time ≤90 days. All original organizers may cancel before delayed effect (§§ 17-29-201(e), 17-29-205(c), 17-16-123) |
No formation publication or proof filing. First annual report due by first day of first anniversary month; current license fee is ≥$60, based on Wyoming assets (§ 17-29-209(a); SOS) |
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