California: Tenant Abandoned Property Notice, Storage, and Disposal Requirements

Requirements one by one

Governing law, trigger, and routes

California's Chapter 5 procedure is optional. Under Cal. Civ. Code
§ 1981(a), (e), it applies when personal property remains after the tenancy has
ended and the tenant has vacated. If the landlord does not satisfy the chapter,
ordinary rights and liabilities remain in place rather than disappearing.

There are two important adjacent routes. Cal. Civ. Code § 1965(a)(1), (3)-(4)
allows a former residential tenant to request surrender in writing within 18
days after vacating, before the Chapter 5 disposition process has been initiated
or completed. For a statutory belief-of-abandonment process, Cal. Civ. Code
§ 1991 permits the § 1983 property notice to be sent or combined with the
separate § 1951.3 notice even though termination occurs only after that notice's
response period.

After an eviction writ, Cal. Code Civ. Proc. § 715.010(b)(3) gives the tenant 15
days after the landlord takes possession to pay reasonable storage costs and
take the property. Cal. Code Civ. Proc. § 1174(f)-(i) requires § 1983 notice to
an apparent owner other than the tenant, safekeeping, release on the applicable
claim-and-cost terms, and § 1988 disposition if the property remains unclaimed.

Initial handling, inventory, and storage

Cal. Civ. Code § 1986 permits the property to remain on the vacated premises or
be stored in a place of safekeeping. The landlord must use reasonable care and
is protected from loss not caused by a deliberate or negligent act.

The chapter does not prescribe an inventory, photograph, witness, or sealed-box
procedure. The practical record begins with the notice description. Under
§ 1983(a)-(c), it must be reasonably adequate to identify the property, but a
locked, fastened, or tied container that deters immediate access may be
described as a container without listing its contents.

Property reasonably believed to be lost follows the lost-property process
under Cal. Civ. Code § 1982. The landlord may use Chapter 5 only if the
appropriate police or sheriff's department refuses to accept it.

Notice recipients, method, and contents

Cal. Civ. Code § 1983(a)-(c) requires written notice to the former tenant and to
each other person the landlord reasonably believes owns the property. Records
are presumed to belong to the tenant for this process.

The notice describes the property, states where it may be claimed, warns that
reasonable storage costs may be charged, and gives the claim deadline. It is
personally delivered or sent first-class mail to the person's last known
address and any other known address where receipt is reasonably expected. A
mailed notice to the tenant also goes to the vacated premises. Email is an
optional additional method if the former tenant provided an email address.

Cal. Civ. Code §§ 1984-1985 supply substantially compliant forms for the former
tenant and an apparent owner other than the tenant. A form still has to describe
the actual property and use the correct delivery-based dates.

Claim and retrieval deadlines

The ordinary § 1983 notice date is at least 15 days after personal delivery or
18 days after the notice is mailed. That is the deadline stated for taking
possession, not a generic 15-day clock regardless of service method.

The separate § 1965 route uses three clocks: the tenant's written request is due
within 18 days after vacating; a written, itemized landlord demand for removal
and storage costs is due within five days after actual receipt of the request;
and agreed pickup occurs no later than 72 hours after tender of those costs.

Under Cal. Civ. Code § 1987(a)-(c), a tenant can still stop a noticed public sale
before the property is sold by paying the accrued reasonable storage,
advertising, and sale costs. The post-writ tenant deadline is the 15-day period
printed in the writ, while another apparent owner follows the deadline in the
landlord's § 1983 notice.

Retrieval conditions and storage charges

Cal. Civ. Code § 1990(a)-(c) separates who pays what. A former tenant may be
charged reasonable storage costs for all remaining property; another owner may
be charged only for the property in which that person claims an interest. The
landlord cannot charge two people for the same cost.

When storage remains on the premises, the charge is the fair rental value of
the space reasonably required. No storage cost may be assessed if property left
in the dwelling is reclaimed within two days after vacancy. Under § 1987, later
release generally requires the reasonable storage cost, and a claim made after
the noticed deadline but before auction also includes advertising and sale
costs already incurred.

Low-value, lost, and specially routed property

Cal. Civ. Code § 1988(a)-(c) uses the landlord's reasonable belief about the
total resale value of all unreleased property. If it is below $700, the landlord
may retain the property or dispose of it in any manner after completing the
required procedure. The chapter states no separate short route for medicine,
papers, photographs, or keepsakes, although records are presumed tenant-owned
and every item disposed of should be covered by the notice description.

Under Cal. Civ. Code § 1981(b)-(d), Chapter 5 does not cover utility-service
property owned by a public utility, manufactured homes, mobilehomes, commercial
coaches and their contents, or animals governed by the cited animal-disposition
laws. Lost property follows § 1982 rather than the abandoned-property route
unless law enforcement refuses it.

Sale or disposal method

Property outside the under-$700 shortcut is sold at public sale by competitive
bidding under § 1988. The landlord and tenant may bid. Sale notice is published
under Government Code § 6066 in a county newspaper of general circulation; the
last publication is at least five days before the sale, and publication cannot
begin before the final claim deadline in the § 1983 notice.

Proceeds, accounting, and unclaimed funds

Section 1988(c) permits deduction of storage, advertising, and sale costs. Any
unclaimed balance goes to the county treasury where the sale occurred within 30
days after sale. The former tenant or another owner then has one year after the
county payment to apply for the balance.

Remedies, liability, and special limits

Chapter 5's protections depend on compliance. Cal. Civ. Code § 1989(c) limits
liability after a § 1988 disposition for properly notified people and for
certain unknown owners, while § 1981(e) preserves ordinary rights and
liabilities when the chapter's requirements are not satisfied.

The earlier tenant-request route has its own remedy. Cal. Civ. Code § 1965(e)
allows actual damages up to the property's value, up to $250 for each bad-faith
violation, and a discretionary award of reasonable attorney's fees and costs.
The post-writ route has parallel compliant-release and disposition protections
in Code of Civil Procedure § 1174.

What trips people up

Belongings do not establish abandonment. Section 1951.3's statutory
abandonment route requires at least 14 consecutive days of unpaid rent, a
reasonable belief of abandonment, and the prescribed notice and response
period. The property-disposition notice does not itself end the tenancy.

Starting Chapter 5 changes the early-request route. Under § 1965(c), the
early-request process does not apply once Chapter 5 disposition has been
initiated or completed. A landlord should identify which route is operating
before calculating an 18-day request, 15/18-day notice, or writ deadline.

The $700 test is total resale value. It is not $700 per item and not the
tenant's purchase price or sentimental value. The statute uses the landlord's
reasonable belief about the total resale value of the unreleased property.

Notice must cover what is disposed of. Section 1983 warns that § 1989's
liability protection does not reach property omitted from the notice, apart
from the rule permitting a locked or fastened container to be described without
opening it.

Common questions

Can the landlord throw property away immediately if it looks inexpensive?

No. The under-$700 rule changes the final disposition method after the required
procedure; it does not erase the trigger, notice, claim period, or storage duty.

Is email alone enough for the notice?

No. Section 1983 permits email as an additional method when the tenant provided
an email address, but requires personal delivery or first-class mail.

Can the tenant retrieve property without paying storage?

Yes, when property remained in the dwelling and is reclaimed within two days
after vacancy. Later claims generally require the reasonable costs assigned by
§§ 1987 and 1990.

What if someone other than the tenant owns an item?

The landlord must notify an apparent other owner and may release the property to
that person. The other owner may be charged reasonable storage only for the
property in which that owner claims an interest.

Statutes and sources

• Cal. Civ. Code §§ 1965 and 1980-1991. Early written-request route and the
  optional post-tenancy notice, storage, retrieval, sale, proceeds, and
  liability procedure. Official Chapter 5
  and official § 1965
  (accessed July 22, 2026).
• Cal. Civ. Code §§ 1951.3 and 1991. Coordination with the statutory belief-
  of-abandonment process. Official § 1951.3
  and official § 1991
  (accessed July 22, 2026).
• Cal. Code Civ. Proc. §§ 715.010 and 1174. Writ warning, 15-day tenant
  claim, other-owner notice, safekeeping, release, and disposition after
  eviction. Official writ section
  and official post-judgment section
  (accessed July 22, 2026).