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Pennsylvania Bar Association Ethics Opinions

Free plain-English summaries of legal ethics opinions issued by the Pennsylvania Bar Association, with full citations and source links on every page.

21 opinions · Updated June 1, 2026
5 opinions Client Communication

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Does a Pennsylvania lawyer have to put the fee in writing for every client?

Almost always. The opinion concludes that under Rule 1.5(b) the basis or rate of the fee must be communicated in writing, before or within a reasonable time after starting work, unless the lawyer has …

2025

Does a Pennsylvania workers' comp lawyer have to ask for Section 440 counsel fees?

Not in every case, but the lawyer must raise it with the client. The opinion concludes the decision whether to seek Section 440 fees implicates the client's substantive rights, so the lawyer must disc…

June 9, 2022

Does a Pennsylvania lawyer have to encrypt email to clients?

Not always, but more than before. The opinion concludes lawyers may still use email but must evaluate its security risks, that some highly sensitive information should not be sent by email without pre…

2022

When a client hires a new contingent fee lawyer, must that lawyer tell the client the prior lawyer may still claim a fee?

Yes. The opinion concludes that successor counsel in a contingent fee matter must inform the client in writing that predecessor counsel may have a claim for compensation and explain how that claim aff…

March 26, 2020

Can a Pennsylvania lawyer copy or blind-copy a client on emails to opposing counsel, and can opposing counsel reply to all?

The opinion concludes that copying or blind-copying a client on email to opposing counsel risks disclosing confidential information and a client reply-all, so lawyers should limit it, flag it, and spe…

January 22, 2020

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Legal ethics opinions from the Pennsylvania Bar Association interpret the rules of professional conduct for working lawyers, in response to inquiries from members and committees. They are not binding like court discipline decisions, but courts and discipline boards treat formal opinions as substantial guidance on how the rules apply. Every opinion above has a plain-English question and short answer, plus a link to the original source on the bar's site.

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