🧪 TEST MODE ACTIVE Use test card: 4242 4242 4242 4242

Federal agency decisions, searchable in plain English.

Workplace-safety cases from the Occupational Safety and Health Review Commission (OSHRC) and mine-safety cases from the Federal Mine Safety and Health Review Commission (FMSHRC), each with a plain-English summary, the standards it cites, and whether it counts as precedent. More agencies are coming.

5,577 decisions and counting · Latest decision July 17, 2026
5,577 decisions

No decisions match these filters

Try a different search term or clear the filters.

COMM

CSA Equipment Company, LLC

Forklift struck-by citation affirmed

CSA Equipment handled steel coils at the Port of Mobile, where a forklift struck and killed a clerk checking a coil. The Commission found that separating clerks from forklifts until coil checks were complete was a feasible way to materially reduce the struck-by hazard. CSA had successfully used…

March 19, 2019
Citations affirmed
ALJ

HCI Industrial & Marine Coatings, Inc.

Barge fall-protection items partly affirmed

HCI employees were sandblasting and painting inside a barge storage tank when an employee fell from staging and was hospitalized. The judge vacated the general fall-protection item because the Secretary did not prove that HCI knew or should have known the employee was working without fall…

March 18, 2019 ·Brian A. Duncan
Mixed result
ALJ

Packers Sanitation Services, Inc.

Drain, machine-guarding, and recordkeeping items partly affirmed

Packers Sanitation cleaned equipment at a poultry processing plant where an employee's hand was caught in an operating quill puller, causing a fingertip amputation. The judge affirmed one walking-surface instance because managers stepped over inadequately covered drains in the normal route to the…

March 18, 2019 ·Sharon D. Calhoun
Mixed result
COMM

Integra Health Management, Inc.

Workplace violence citation affirmed

Integra sent service coordinators to meet clients in homes, vehicles, shelters, and other community settings, including clients with mental illness and histories of violence. A service coordinator was killed during a meeting with a client who had a violent history. The Commission held that…

March 4, 2019
Citations affirmed
COMM

A.H. Sturgill Roofing, Inc.

Roofing heat citations vacated

A temporary employee collapsed while working on a commercial roof and later died from complications of heat stroke. The Commission found that the Secretary did not prove the worksite conditions presented a significant excessive-heat hazard, noting that the heat index reached only the lowest warning…

February 28, 2019
Citations vacated
ALJ

HRI Hospital, Inc., d/b/a Arbour-HRI Hospital

Patient-violence citation vacated

Arbour-HRI operated an inpatient behavioral health hospital where employees experienced assaults and other aggressive acts by patients. The judge found that patient-on-staff violence was a recognized hazard at the facility and could cause serious injury. HRI already used violence-prevention…

February 22, 2019 ·Covette Rooney
Citations vacated
ALJ

BHC Northwest Psychiatric Hospital LLC d/b/a Brooke Glen Behavioral Hospital

Patient-violence citation affirmed

Brooke Glen operated an inpatient psychiatric hospital where OSHA identified numerous incidents of patients assaulting staff. The judge found that patient-on-staff violence was a recognized hazard capable of causing serious injury or death. Existing controls were inadequate because communication…

February 21, 2019 ·Covette Rooney
Citations affirmed
COMM

Florida Gas Contractors, Inc.

Three excavation violations affirmed

Florida Gas employees dug a trench beneath an adjacent concrete structure while installing a gas line. The Commission held that the structure was appurtenant to the sidewalk and that undermining it without support violated the standard without separate proof that collapse was likely. The Commission…

February 21, 2019
Citations affirmed
COMM

Mid South Waffles, Inc., d/b/a Waffle House #1283

Grease-fire item vacated and cleaner PPE items affirmed

A fire occurred beneath a restaurant griddle after grease and waste accumulated in its removable drawer. The Commission vacated the general duty clause item because the Secretary did not identify the specific inspection or cleaning steps Waffle House needed beyond its existing once-per-shift rule…

February 15, 2019
Mixed result
COMM

Houston Aquarium, Inc.

Commercial-diving violations affirmed

Houston Aquarium divers regularly entered exhibit tanks to feed animals, clean surfaces, and perform public event dives. The company conceded that event dives were commercial, but argued that feeding and cleaning qualified for the scientific-diving exception. The Commission held that these routine…

February 15, 2019
Citations affirmed
ALJ

Michael Deuso v. Shelburne Limestone Corp.

Michael Deuso v. Shelburne Limestone Corp. (FMSHRC YORK 2019-0015-DM): Miner ordered to address late discrimination filing

Michael Deuso alleged that Shelburne Limestone fired him after he adjusted a stone-feeder control and requested a conveyor-belt speed sensor. He filed his Commission discrimination case almost 19 months after an MSHA supervisor had told him that MSHA could not help with his original report, which…

February 6, 2019 ·Thomas P. McCarthy
Procedural
ALJ

SJ Louis Construction of Texas LTD

Trench egress and cave-in violations affirmed

SJ Louis employees worked in a deep utility trench without a ladder, stairway, ramp, or other safe means of exit. The judge found that the improvised path required employees to climb multiple surfaces near an excavator parked at the trench edge and did not qualify as safe egress. The trench also…

February 4, 2019 ·Brian A. Duncan
Citations affirmed
COMM

Suncor Energy (U.S.A.) Inc.

Controlling-employer scaffold citation vacated

A contractor employee fell about 25 feet from an unguarded scaffold platform inside a refinery heater while not using personal fall protection. Suncor was the controlling employer but had no employees performing the work inside the confined space. The Commission found that the violative condition…

February 1, 2019
Citations vacated
COMM

Hensel Phelps Construction Co.

Case remanded after Fifth Circuit reversal

An administrative law judge had vacated a willful citation against Hensel Phelps Construction Co. The Fifth Circuit reversed that decision and returned the case to the Commission. The Commission remanded the case to the judge for further proceedings consistent with the court's opinion.

January 31, 2019
Remanded
ALJ

Swisslog Logistics, Inc., and Wal-Mart Stores East, L.P. d/b/a Distribution Center 7019

Lockout citations vacated

A Swisslog employee sustained a serious leg injury when an automated trolley moved while he was working inside Wal-Mart's monorail system. OSHA cited both companies for willfully failing to use documented lockout procedures. The judge found that the lockout standard did not apply because the…

January 16, 2019 ·Sharon D. Calhoun
Citations vacated
ALJ

Coastal Drilling East, LLC

Unsecured rig-brake citation affirmed

A drilling employee's finger was amputated when suspended pipe drifted downward after a supervisor left the rig controls without securing the drawworks brake. Coastal and the industry recognized the crushing hazard and the practice of tying down or locking the brake before leaving the controls. The…

January 14, 2019 ·Keith E. Bell
Citations affirmed
ALJ

Lake Building Products, Inc.

Repeat steel-erection fall violation affirmed

Two employees landed decking bundles about 28 feet above the ground without using fall protection. The judge held that landing and unhooking decking did not make them “connectors,” because connectors must be placing and connecting structural members or components. The connector exception and…

January 14, 2019 ·Carol A. Baumerich
Citations affirmed
ALJ

Jacobs Field Services, North America

Electrical PPE violation affirmed

An apprentice electrician suffered an arc flash while terminating wiring in a 480-volt disconnect after removing protective gloves, a face shield, and a hood under the employer’s work practice. The load side was de-energized, but energized line-side components remained inches away and the arc…

January 11, 2019 ·Brian A. Duncan
Citations affirmed
ALJ

Ontario Exteriors, Inc.

Roof fall citation affirmed with lower penalty

Ontario Exteriors directed employees to cross a steep second-story roof without fall protection when moving between the eave and peak at the start and end of each workday. The judge held that the residential construction fall-protection rule applied during those brief movements and that the company…

January 9, 2019 ·Dennis L. Phillips
Modified
ALJ

Wrangler Pumping, Inc. dba Garbage Gators

Settlement reopening request dismissed

OSHA cited Wrangler Pumping for twenty alleged violations and proposed penalties totaling $64,868. After initially contesting the citations, the company negotiated and signed an informal settlement agreement with the assistance of an attorney and a safety consultant. The agreement became a final…

December 28, 2018 ·Patrick B. Augustine
Procedural
ALJ

Magnum Contracting, Inc.

Unsecured forklift platform violation affirmed

Two Magnum Contracting foremen used a rough-terrain forklift to raise an employee on a work platform for welding. They did not secure the platform with the provided chain and moved the occupied forklift horizontally, causing the platform to slide off the forks and fall about 12 feet. The judge held…

December 27, 2018 ·Patrick B. Augustine
Citations affirmed
COMM

Ovation Plumbing, Inc.

Case remanded for settlement review

An administrative law judge had affirmed a fall-protection violation and assessed a $1,000 penalty, and that decision became a final Commission order. Ovation Plumbing petitioned the Tenth Circuit for review. The court granted the parties’ joint request for a limited remand so their settlement…

December 20, 2018
Remanded
ALJ

North Dakota Innovations, Inc.

Grain-elevator penalties reduced

North Dakota Innovations operated a five-employee flax grain elevator where OSHA found fall, machine-guarding, combustible-dust, electrical, confined-space, training, and maintenance-record violations. The company withdrew its contest to all seven serious and three other-than-serious violations…

November 29, 2018 ·Patrick B. Augustine
Modified
ALJ

K&E Builders, LLC

Contest dismissed by default

OSHA issued K&E Builders one serious citation with a proposed $3,880 penalty after inspecting a Texas construction worksite. The company filed a notice of contest but then failed to attend a pretrial conference, answer interrogatories, comply with a discovery order, respond to the Secretary’s…

November 29, 2018 ·Patrick B. Augustine
Procedural
ALJ

J.D. Eckman, Inc

Highway traffic-control citations vacated

A motorist entered J.D. Eckman’s highway construction work zone and struck the company’s superintendent. OSHA cited the company for allegedly excessive spacing between traffic cones, failure to position a truck-mounted attenuator to protect workers, and an allegedly short transition taper. The…

November 29, 2018 ·Dennis L. Phillips
Citations vacated
ALJ

Excel Modular Scaffold & Leasing Company dba Excel Scaffold & Leasing

Skiff violation affirmed, anchorage item vacated

Excel employees erected hanging scaffolds a few inches above Galveston Bay, and one employee drowned after a scaffold component collapsed and pulled him underwater. The company stipulated that it lacked an immediately available lifesaving skiff, and the judge held that the violation was serious…

November 26, 2018 ·Sharon D. Calhoun
Mixed result
COMM

Black Tie Moving Services, LLC

Incomplete settlement remanded

An administrative law judge approved the parties’ settlement, but they later discovered that the agreement inadvertently omitted one of the two citations identified in the complaint. The Secretary filed an unopposed motion to submit an amended settlement covering the missing citation. The…

November 15, 2018
Remanded
ALJ

Mulch ‘n More, Inc.

Willful injury-recording violation affirmed

A Mulch ‘n More employee suffered a chainsaw laceration at a jobsite, received stitches and an immobilizing wrap, and was sent home the next day because of the injury. The company’s owner knew the injury occurred at work, arranged transportation to the hospital, and had prior experience with OSHA…

November 9, 2018 ·Dennis L. Phillips
Citations affirmed
ALJ

Mansfield Industrial, Inc.

Chemical training and respirator items vacated

Six Mansfield Industrial employees were hospitalized after a chlorine release at a plastics facility. OSHA cited the company for allegedly inadequate hazardous-chemical training and for failing to provide one employee an annual respirator fit test. The judge found that OSHA did not identify how…

October 26, 2018 ·Patrick B. Augustine
Citations vacated
ALJ

Terrance McKitrrick d/b/a Great White Construction

Repeat roof fall violation affirmed

Four Great White Construction employees installed shingles on a residential roof about 11 feet above the ground without using available fall protection. The judge found actual and constructive knowledge based on the owner’s repeated prior fall citations, inadequate follow-up, and the foreman’s…

October 22, 2018 ·Peggy S. Ball
Modified
ALJ

Adam Ham Construction, LLC

Roof fall citation affirmed after default

An Adam Ham Construction supervisor worked for three to four hours on a snow- and ice-covered residential roof about 33 to 35 feet above the ground without fall protection. The judge found the company could have discovered the condition through reasonable diligence, and the supervisor’s own…

October 15, 2018 ·Peggy S. Ball
Mixed result
ALJ

Pharmasol Corporation

Warehouse storage violations affirmed, forklift items split

Pharmasol manufactured pharmaceutical and personal-care products and used powered industrial trucks in its warehouse. The judge vacated a general duty clause item because OSHA did not prove that the trucks could pass beneath rack beams and expose operators to the alleged crushing hazard. He…

October 4, 2018 ·Dennis L. Phillips
Mixed result
COMM

Manua’s, Inc., dba Manua’s Discount Store

Crane power-line violations affirmed

Manua’s hired a crane contractor to unload structural steel near an energized power line, and three Manua’s employees were fatally electrocuted when the crane contacted the line. The Commission affirmed summary judgment on four serious violations involving the crane work zone, the 20-foot…

September 28, 2018
Citations affirmed
COMM

Kiewit Power Constructors Co.

Construction quick-drenching citation vacated

OSHA cited Kiewit under the construction quick-drenching rule, which requires immediate eye or body flushing facilities where employees may encounter corrosive materials. The rule originated under the Walsh-Healey Act and applied to federal supply contractors, not construction employers. In a…

September 28, 2018
Citations vacated
COMM

BP Products North America, Inc., and BP-Husky Refining, LLC

Most refinery PSM items vacated

OSHA alleged 65 willful process safety management violations at BP’s Ohio refinery and proposed $2.87 million in penalties. Fifty-six items concerning pressure-relief equipment, cross-connections, and facility siting reached the Commission. The Commission vacated the pressure-relief items because…

September 27, 2018
Mixed result
ALJ

Norman W. Fries, Inc. d/b/a Claxton Poultry Farms

Conveyor guarding citation vacated

A poultry-processing employee suffered a compound forearm fracture when his glove and arm were pulled into the underside of a seasoning-line conveyor. OSHA cited Claxton Poultry for failing to guard the conveyor’s ingoing nip-point. The judge found that the accident alone did not establish that…

September 24, 2018 ·Heather A. Joys
Citations vacated
ALJ

Pro-Spec Corporation dba Pro-Spec Painting

Two worksite citation sets affirmed

Pro-Spec performed abrasive blasting and painting at water-tank projects in Easton and Quakertown, Pennsylvania. OSHA cited respiratory-protection, scaffold, fall-protection, ladder, electrical-wiring, confined-space, and recordkeeping violations after a suspended scaffold collapsed at the Easton…

September 21, 2018 ·Covette Rooney
Citations affirmed
COMM

O’Harra’s Complete Plumbing Service, LLC

Settlement approval set aside for late-contest review

A judge approved an informal settlement between OSHA and O’Harra’s Complete Plumbing Service. O’Harra’s later sent a letter claiming that it had no employees and had felt pressured to sign the agreement. The Commission treated the letter as both a late notice of contest and a request for relief…

September 11, 2018
Remanded
ALJ

Insulation-N-Coatings d/b/a Force Enterprises

Spoil-pile violation affirmed, duplicate item vacated

Force Enterprises installed sewer pipe in a roughly 10-foot-deep trench while a spoil pile sat at the trench edge instead of at least two feet back. Based on inspection video, photographs, tools and footprints in the trench, and the foreman’s earlier statements, the judge found that employees had…

September 4, 2018 ·Peggy S. Ball
Mixed result
ALJ

Nissan North America, Inc.

Conveyor lockout training violation affirmed

Three Nissan maintenance technicians inspected an overhead conveyor while a contract mechanic worked elsewhere and later restarted the conveyor, causing one technician’s hand to be pulled into a belt. The judge vacated a lockout-removal notification item because OSHA did not establish that the…

August 23, 2018 ·Heather A. Joys
Mixed result
ALJ

Berwick Electric Company

Heavy-cable training violation affirmed

Berwick electricians pulled a roughly 11,000-pound cable through rollers and sheaves at a power plant, and one employee broke his arm when a suspended section shifted while he tried to move it by hand. The judge found that general warnings about pinch points and using a buddy did not prepare…

August 16, 2018 ·Brian A. Duncan
Modified
COMM

Texas Management Division, Inc.

Late-contest relief denial remanded

Texas Management Division filed its notice of contest nearly three months late and sought relief from the citation’s final-order status based on mistake, inadvertence, or excusable neglect. The judge denied relief after a telephonic hearing, relying primarily on competing declarations. The…

July 31, 2018
Remanded
COMM

Caldwell Tanks, Inc.

Welding-ventilation citation withdrawn and vacated

An administrative law judge affirmed a serious ventilation citation after Caldwell Tanks employees welded inside a water-tower access tube and assessed a $3,400 penalty. The case was directed for Commission review. Before the Commission decided the merits, the Secretary withdrew the sole remaining…

July 30, 2018
Citations vacated
COMM

Angelica Textile Services, Inc.

Confined-space and lockout items affirmed as serious

Angelica operated interconnected commercial laundry equipment, including large combined batch washers that employees sometimes entered as permit-required confined spaces. The Commission reversed the judge and affirmed violations involving the company’s written lockout and confined-space procedures…

July 24, 2018
Modified
ALJ

TMD Staffing

Machine-guarding violations affirmed

TMD Staffing supplied most of the workers at Hightower Metal Works' steel fabrication shop. TMD employees regularly operated an ironworker punch station, two press brakes, and a bending roll without required point-of-operation guards. One employee's finger was crushed while operating the bending…

July 23, 2018 ·Sharon D. Calhoun
Modified
ALJ

Century Communities, Inc., dba Century Communities of GA

Crane power-line violation affirmed

Century Communities was the developer and construction manager for a residential subdivision where subcontractors used a crane to place roof trusses. The crane came within 20 feet of energized overhead lines rated at approximately 119.15 kV, causing an electrical arc that seriously injured one…

July 16, 2018 ·Heather A. Joys
Citations affirmed
ALJ

Appleton Grp LLC, dba Appleton Group

All citation items vacated

Appleton Group manufactured and tested heating cable systems at its Connecticut facility. OSHA alleged hazards involving extruding-line emergency stops, electrical-panel access, cable-testing work practices and protective equipment, an exit sign, and a portable propane cylinder. The judge found…

July 13, 2018 ·William S. Coleman
Citations vacated
ALJ

AltairStrickland, LLC

All citation items vacated

AltairStrickland was removing a 24,000-pound heat exchanger at an ExxonMobil refinery when a pipe fell, killing one crew member and injuring the foreman. OSHA alleged that the company failed to provide required training and violated crane and rigging standards. The judge found that OSHA rules did…

July 5, 2018 ·John B. Gatto
Citations vacated
COMM

Coleman Hammons Construction Co., Inc.

Late contest dismissed

Coleman Hammons Construction did not contest two OSHA citations within the required 15 working days, so they became a final order by operation of law. A corporate officer signed for the citations and left them unopened on the desk of a project superintendent who was away from the office through the…

June 13, 2018
Procedural
ALJ

General Dynamics Land Systems, Inc.

Stacked-crate citation vacated

General Dynamics Land Systems stored Stryker vehicle parts in stacked crates at an Alabama warehouse. Seven crates fell from an 11-foot stack while an employee was taking inventory, causing serious injuries. The judge found that the crates were not interlocked and that the stack was not stable and…

June 7, 2018 ·Heather A. Joys
Citations vacated
ALJ

Prime Pak Foods, Inc.

Late contest dismissed

Prime Pak Foods received a serious OSHA citation by certified mail on November 6, 2017, but did not file its notice of contest by the November 29 deadline. The company argued that OSHA failed to hold a closing conference and should have sent the citation to its counsel. The judge held that service…

June 4, 2018 ·Heather A. Joys
Procedural
ALJ

Action Electric Company, Inc.

Lockout citation reinstated on remand

Action Electric employees entered a steel mill's cooling-bed basement to prepare for fan replacement before the required lockout procedure was completed. A counterweight moved to its de-energized position, striking and killing an apprentice and narrowly missing the lead worker. An earlier judge had…

May 25, 2018 ·Sharon D. Calhoun
Citations affirmed
ALJ

Ovation Plumbing, Inc.

Fall-protection citation affirmed with reduced penalty

Ovation Plumbing worked on a multi-unit residential construction project where a foreman and another employee crossed a guardrail onto an unprotected second-floor balcony more than 10 feet above the ground. They entered the balcony area to measure for a future regulator-vent installation. The judge…

May 18, 2018 ·Brian A. Duncan
Modified
ALJ

Randall Mechanical, Inc.

Late contest dismissed on reconsideration

Randall Mechanical received an OSHA citation on July 3, 2017, but filed its notice of contest after the 15-working-day deadline. The judge initially granted relief for excusable neglect. After the Commission emphasized that the reason for delay and whether it was within the employer's control are…

May 14, 2018 ·John B. Gatto
Procedural
ALJ

AEROTEK

Manlift floor-opening citation vacated

Aerotek supplied temporary employees to a ceramics manufacturing facility where workers used an older belt manlift. An Aerotek employee fell through a manlift floor opening after the lift jerked and sustained serious injuries. OSHA amended its citation from a manlift design standard to the general…

April 25, 2018 ·Peggy S. Ball
Citations vacated
ALJ

Southern Hens, Inc.

Lockout and machine-guarding items split

Southern Hens operated a poultry-processing facility where sanitation employees cleaned production machinery during the night shift. An employee's hand was caught in an operating tumbler drive mechanism while she cleaned it, resulting in the permanent loss of part of her thumb. The judge vacated…

April 23, 2018 ·Heather A. Joys
Mixed result
COMM

Calpine Corporation

Unguarded floor-opening citation affirmed

Calpine operated a power plant where a contractor removed platform grates during a turbine overhaul, leaving temporary floor openings more than 17 feet above a concrete floor. Calpine repeatedly assigned its maintenance employees to replace a turbine spark rod, a task that required access to the…

April 6, 2018
Citations affirmed
ALJ

Jody Wilson Construction, Inc.

Fall citation reduced from willful to serious

Jody Wilson Construction installed siding and screen enclosures and agreed to make an additional siding repair from a residential roof more than eight feet above the ground. Two employees worked on the roof without guardrails, safety nets, or personal fall arrest systems, and the foreman fell and…

April 4, 2018 ·John B. Gatto
Modified
COMM

Envision Waste Services, LLC

Safety items split and penalties reduced

Envision Waste Services operated a waste-sorting facility where employees separated recyclables from mixed waste that included used needles and other medical waste. The Commission affirmed the requirement for puncture-resistant gloves and violations involving fire-extinguisher, bloodborne-pathogen…

April 4, 2018
Mixed result
ALJ

Lang Masonry Contractors, Inc.

Limited-access-zone citation vacated

Lang Masonry performed masonry work around an elevator opening during a high-rise renovation. A six-pound piece of concrete block fell from the fourteenth floor down the elevator shaft and struck an elevator mechanic, causing fractured vertebrae and other serious injuries. The judge found that the…

March 26, 2018 ·Sharon D. Calhoun
Citations vacated

What these documents are

  • Commission decisions: Rulings by the Occupational Safety and Health Review Commission itself, the highest level of agency review. These are citable as Commission precedent, though a decision may have been appealed to a U.S. Court of Appeals after issuance.
  • ALJ decisions: Rulings by OSHRC Administrative Law Judges after a hearing. When no Commissioner directs review, an ALJ decision becomes a final order under 29 U.S.C. § 661(j): it binds the parties in that case but is not binding precedent in other cases.
  • Why finality matters: Every page here says which kind of decision you are reading, so you know whether it is precedent you can cite or a final order that only shows how one judge ruled on one set of facts.
  • Where they come from: Every page links the official OSHRC public release, and the full text on the page is that release. The plain-English summaries are written by Ezel.