Massachusetts: LLC Registered-Agent and Registered-Office Requirements

Requirements one by one

Governing law and terminology

G.L. c. 156C, § 1 calls chapter 156C the Massachusetts Limited Liability
Company Act. The Act uses resident agent for service of process and
separately requires an office in the Commonwealth for company records.

Continuous designation duty

Every domestic LLC must have and maintain both items under § 5. The certificate
of organization states the records-office address and the resident agent's name
and address. Section 12(c) also requires the annual report to repeat the
certificate information.

These are distinct duties. The records office houses the records required by
§ 9; the resident agent is the appointed service recipient.

Eligible individual

The individual route is limited to a Massachusetts resident under § 5(2). The
Act states no separate minimum age, citizenship, professional-license, or exact
daily-hours qualification.

A member, manager, owner, or employee may serve only by independently meeting
the Massachusetts-resident individual rule. Internal status does not create an
additional agent class.

Eligible entity and self-service

The entity route is narrow: a domestic corporation or a foreign corporation
authorized to do business in Massachusetts. Section 5 does not authorize a
domestic or foreign LLC, partnership, trust, or other entity type to serve.

That means neither the represented LLC nor another LLC qualifies as the entity
agent. An owner or manager can still serve as an individual Massachusetts
resident.

Registered office, address, and hours

The records office must be in Massachusetts, but § 5 says it may or may not be
a place where the LLC does business. It need not match the resident agent's
business office, although the same street location can fill both roles if it
actually satisfies both requirements.

The current Secretary certificate calls for a street address for the
records office and another street address for the resident agent. A P.O. box
alone therefore does not complete either field. Neither § 5 nor § 12 sets a
specific 9-to-5 or other daily availability interval.

Consent and initial filing

The certificate names the resident agent and gives the address. Section
12(a)(3) requires the agent's written consent either in the certificate or
attached to it. The current Secretary form includes a dedicated consent line
and allows an attachment instead.

The formation certificate is executed by the person or persons forming the
not-yet-formed LLC under § 15. That authorized-person signature is separate
from the resident agent's written consent.

Change, resignation, and replacement

The LLC changes the agent or agent-office street address by filing the § 5A
certificate. A successor's name, street address, and written consent appear on
or with the filing. The current Secretary form says the change becomes
effective when the Division approves it; § 13 generally makes an amendment
effective on filing unless it states a later certain date.

An agent moving its business office may file a multi-company address change
after giving each LLC written notice. Resignation requires a signed certificate
to the Secretary and a copy to the LLC. The appointment terminates on the 31st
day after filing; § 5A does not supply an additional replacement grace period.

Agent duties and service

Chapter 156C designates the resident agent to receive service but states no
separate general forwarding deadline or damages rule. Contractual forwarding
duties are distinct from the Act's minimum.

Mass. R. Civ. P. 4(d)(2) permits service on the appointed or statutory agent.
Because an LLC is an unincorporated association subject to suit in its own name
under § 55, the rule also permits delivery to an officer, managing or general
agent, or the person in charge at the principal Massachusetts place of
business.

Lapse consequences and fallback service

Loss of the resident agent does not make the LLC unreachable. If the process
server returns that diligent search found no person permitted by Rule 4(d)(2),
the plaintiff may apply for a court-issued order of notice. Chapter 156C does
not automatically appoint the Secretary of the Commonwealth as service agent
for a domestic LLC merely because its resident agent is missing; § 54's
Secretary route is expressly for foreign LLCs and is outside this domestic-LLC
cell.

The entity consequences are narrower than in many states. Section 13(b)
requires prompt amendment when changed facts make the certificate materially
false. G.L. c. 156C, § 70 expressly limits administrative-dissolution grounds
to two years of annual-report failure or inactivity plus public interest,
followed by written notice and a 90-day cure. It does not state a standalone
resident-agent-lapse ground.

What trips people up

The records office and agent office are different statutory concepts. The
first is where § 9 records are kept; the second is the resident agent's street
address for service. They may share a location but are not legally collapsed.

Another LLC cannot be the entity agent. Massachusetts lists corporations,
not LLCs, for the entity route. A Massachusetts-resident natural person remains
available instead.

Domestic fallback is court-ordered notice, not automatic Secretary service.
The automatic Secretary route in § 54 concerns foreign LLCs. A domestic LLC
with no reachable Rule 4 recipient is handled through an application for an
order of notice.

Common questions

Can a Massachusetts member be resident agent? Yes, if the member is an
individual Massachusetts resident and provides written consent. Membership
itself is not a separate qualification.

Can the LLC appoint itself or another LLC? No. Section 5 limits entity
agents to domestic corporations and authorized foreign corporations.

Can the records office or agent use only a P.O. box? No. The current
Secretary certificate asks for a street address for each.

Must the resident agent sign? The agent must give written consent in the
certificate or an attachment. The current form provides a resident-agent
consent signature line.

When does resignation end the appointment? On the 31st day after the
resident agent files the certificate of resignation.

Statutes and sources

• G.L. c. 156C, §§ 1, 5, and 12 — Act name, continuous office/agent duty,
  eligibility, certificate fields, consent, formation, and annual repetition.
  https://malegislature.gov/laws/generallaws/parti/titlexxii/chapter156c/section5
  (accessed 2026-07-27)
• G.L. c. 156C, §§ 5A, 13, and 15 — change, address update, resignation,
  effectiveness, and certificate execution.
  https://malegislature.gov/laws/generallaws/parti/titlexxii/chapter156c/section5A
  (accessed 2026-07-27)
• G.L. c. 156C, §§ 55 and 70 — suit in LLC name and administrative-
  dissolution grounds/cure.
  https://malegislature.gov/laws/generallaws/parti/titlexxii/chapter156c/section70
  (accessed 2026-07-27)
• Mass. R. Civ. P. 4(d)(2) — direct business-entity recipients and
  court-issued order of notice after diligent search.
  https://www.mass.gov/rules-of-civil-procedure/civil-procedure-rule-4-process
  (accessed 2026-07-27)
• Massachusetts Secretary of the Commonwealth, LLC Certificate of
  Organization — current street fields, authorized signature, and resident-
  agent consent line.
  https://www.sec.state.ma.us/divisions/corporations/download/c156c512dllccert.pdf
  (accessed 2026-07-27)

CTA audit

The live Ezel Massachusetts certificate template separates the records-office
and resident-agent street addresses, includes the required authorized-person
signature, and supplies a written resident-agent consent and signature block.
It can produce the agent-related portions of a conforming filing, so the
matching formation CTA remains linked.