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Federal agency decisions, searchable in plain English.

Workplace-safety cases from the Occupational Safety and Health Review Commission (OSHRC) and mine-safety cases from the Federal Mine Safety and Health Review Commission (FMSHRC), each with a plain-English summary, the standards it cites, and whether it counts as precedent. More agencies are coming.

5,577 decisions and counting · Latest decision July 17, 2026
5,577 decisions

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COMM

Stoughton Body, Inc.

Serious fire hazards affirmed and warehouse item vacated

Stoughton Body faced one four-part serious citation and thirteen nonserious items involving compressed-gas and gasoline storage, welding fumes and screens, work platforms, spray painting, electrical equipment, housekeeping, exits, and firefighting equipment. The Commission held that the company…

July 7, 1975
Mixed result
COMM

Metro-Mechanical, Inc.

Scaffold and housekeeping citations affirmed

An OSHA compliance officer saw a worker on a mobile scaffold that lacked guardrails and positive-locking casters. Metro-Mechanical did not deny the scaffold conditions, but disputed whether the worker was its employee. The Commission held that the officer could rely on the job foreman's…

July 7, 1975
Citations affirmed
COMM

Water Tunnel Contractors

Misfired-hole violation and $800 penalty affirmed

Water Tunnel Contractors washed explosives from at least two misfired holes instead of placing new primers and refiring them. When drilling resumed, an explosion killed one employee and injured three others. The judge held that the standard generally required refiring and that the company bore the…

July 3, 1975
Citations affirmed
COMM

Olin Corporation

Forklift guard citation affirmed and crane-clearance item vacated

Olin operated unguarded forklifts around pallets, fiber cores, and scrap coil ends stacked above driver height. The Commission held that the overhead-guard standard protects against falling objects representative of the work and does not depend on whether objects are stacked above the forklift…

July 3, 1975
Mixed result
COMM

C.E.C. Electrical Company

Fall-protection and electrical citations affirmed

C.E.C. Electrical employees worked around untagged deenergized circuits, exposed live parts, unprotected cables, and unsecured switchboxes. Another employee lay on a 24-inch-wide walkway suspended about 70 feet above the floor and leaned out to weld without guardrails, a safety belt, or a lifeline…

July 2, 1975
Citations affirmed
COMM

Pittston Stevedoring Corporation; and International Terminal Operating Co., Inc.

Hard-hat citations affirmed without penalties

Inspectors found large numbers of longshore workers without required protective headwear aboard several ships operated by Pittston and International Terminal Operating. The companies had supplied hard hats, posted notices, held safety meetings, and urged voluntary compliance, but had not removed…

July 1, 1975
Mixed result
COMM

Railroad Salvage of Connecticut, Inc.

Failure-to-abate items affirmed and penalties reduced

Railroad Salvage did not contest an original citation covering blocked egress, poorly identified and mounted fire extinguishers, and hazardous material stacking, so those violations became final. A reinspection found that some cited locations remained uncorrected. The judge affirmed four…

June 26, 1975
Modified
COMM

Sheesley and Winters Construction Company

Excavation citation and $500 penalty vacated

Sheesley and Winters installed sewer pipe in a ground opening about 13 feet deep, 14 feet wide at the top, and 7 feet wide at the bottom. One wall was nearly vertical and the other was partly sloped, but inspectors observed no cracking, sloughing, or soil movement. The judge found that the company…

June 24, 1975
Citations vacated
COMM

Bertke Electric Company, Inc.

Temporary-wiring citation and $35 penalty affirmed

Bertke Electric supported energized temporary branch-circuit wiring with pieces of insulated wire attached to I-beams and allowed other wiring to contact metal ductwork. The company argued that the National Electrical Code's permanent-wiring support rules did not apply to temporary wiring. The…

June 24, 1975
Citations affirmed
COMM

Kaywood Construction Company

Six final violations affirmed with $200 penalty

OSHA cited Kaywood Construction for posting and recordkeeping failures, a sagging perimeter rope, short ladder rails, and employees working without fall protection. The company's notice of contest challenged only the proposed penalties. The judge nevertheless reviewed the merits, vacated five…

June 24, 1975
Modified
COMM

Bob McCaslin Steel Erection Company

Related companies treated as one employer

Workers at an airport construction site were exposed to debris with protruding nails, unguarded floor holes, and unguarded elevated platforms. They were nominally employed by Bob McCaslin Anchor Company, while OSHA cited Bob McCaslin Steel Erection Company. The judge treated the two corporations as…

June 23, 1975
Citations affirmed
COMM

Dravo Corporation

Settlement approved and crane item withdrawn

Dravo Corporation and the Secretary submitted a settlement agreement under which Dravo withdrew its notice of contest and the Secretary withdrew a nonserious crane item and its proposed $55 penalty for lack of supporting evidence. The judge approved the settlement and assessed $655 but did not…

June 20, 1975
Settled
COMM

United Engineers & Constructors, Inc.

Repeat rebar violation affirmed and two items vacated

At the Three Mile Island construction site, one employee stood untied on a crane girder about 225 feet above the floor while guiding another crane. Safety nets would have blocked the lift, and the Commission divided over whether a feasible safety-belt anchorage had been proved, leaving the…

June 19, 1975
Mixed result
COMM

Deering Milliken, Inc.; Alan B. Sibley Mill

Catwalk citation affirmed without penalty

A 20-foot catwalk about nine feet above a concrete floor had a rail on one side but no guardrail on the other. Pipes located up to two and one-half feet from the open edge left gaps through which an employee could fall, so they were not equivalent protection. The Commission affirmed the violation…

June 18, 1975
Modified
COMM

GTE Automatic Electric, Inc.

Emergency-wash item affirmed and drill-press item vacated

GTE Automatic Electric was cited for an employee handling materials near acid baths without eye protection, emergency showers and eye washes located 50 to 75 feet from plating tanks, paint residue in spray booths, and unguarded drill presses. The judge affirmed the eye-protection and emergency-wash…

June 17, 1975
Mixed result
COMM

Jamison Bedding, Inc.

Cotton-dust citations vacated

Air samples from Jamison Bedding's bale-opening and willow operations measured total dust well above the one-milligram limit for raw cotton dust. The judge vacated the exposure and control citations because the samples also contained vegetation, burlap, and other process dust, and the laboratory…

June 17, 1975
Citations vacated
COMM

Colorado Fuel & Iron Steel Corp., a/k/a C.F. & I. Steel Corp.

Mixed steel-mill citations affirmed and vacated

OSHA issued 48 nonserious items at Colorado Fuel & Iron's Pueblo steel mill involving cranes, respirators, sanitation, welding, electrical equipment, access, housekeeping, and fall hazards. The judge affirmed many admitted or proved items, vacated others for insufficient proof or inapplicable…

June 13, 1975
Mixed result
COMM

C & H Erection Company, Inc.

Delayed citation-posting violation affirmed

C & H Erection received an OSHA citation on a Thursday but did not post it at the jobsite until the following Tuesday, after a compliance officer arrived for reinspection. The judge interpreted the requirement to post immediately as requiring diligent action with reasonable dispatch under the…

June 13, 1975
Modified
COMM

Tyler Refrigeration Division of Clark Equipment Company, Inc.

Employee notice required before dismissal

The Secretary moved to dismiss one citation item and its proposed $110 penalty after reinvestigation showed that Tyler Refrigeration had been in compliance. The judge granted the motion, but neither the motion nor the decision had been served on the union or posted for affected employees. The…

June 13, 1975
Procedural
COMM

Dallas Hotel Company

Serious scaffold violation and $600 penalty affirmed

Dallas Hotel employees worked on narrow scaffold platforms 20 to 60 feet above the ground. The rear of the platforms lacked guardrails and toeboards, and cross braces were too far away to prevent a fall. One employee also worked above another, creating a falling-object hazard. The Commission…

June 11, 1975
Citations affirmed
COMM

B.F. Goodrich Company

Noise settlement approved and abatement extension motion denied

The settlement vacated a chemical-exposure item and its $80 penalty for lack of evidence, while affirming an occupational-noise item with a $60 penalty and a staged abatement plan. B.F. Goodrich later asked for two years after the Commission's final order to complete the cure-men abatement work…

June 11, 1975
Settled
COMM

Anchorage Plastering Company

Scaffold citations vacated for lack of commerce proof

OSHA cited alleged scaffold, hard-hat, and flammable-liquid violations while Anchorage Plastering employees applied stucco at an Alaska medical-center project. The judge did not reach the safety merits. He held that the Secretary failed to prove that the small plastering business affected…

June 9, 1975
Citations vacated
COMM

Cox Brothers, Incorporated

Power-line and fall violations affirmed

A Cox Brothers foreman stood atop a 14-foot masonry wall without a safety belt or scaffold while inserting 13-foot reinforcing bars beneath an overhead power line. A bar contacted the line, and the foreman fell and died. The judge held that the company failed to inspect for the plainly visible…

June 9, 1975
Mixed result
COMM

Ames Crane & Rental Service, Inc.

Power-line clearance violation and $600 penalty affirmed

Ames Crane rented a crane with its own operator for work at an Iowa State University power plant. The crane operated between a doorway and energized transmission lines less than 10 feet away, and the load line became energized, killing another contractor's employee. Ames had given only general…

June 9, 1975
Citations affirmed
COMM

Continental Oil Company (Southern Facilities Terminal)

Tank-terminal fire citations vacated

A gasoline storage tank overflowed at Continental Oil's Chattanooga terminal, followed by a fire and explosion that killed the terminal manager and two employees at a neighboring facility. OSHA issued six citations involving drainage, diking, fire control, and the general duty clause. The…

June 9, 1975
Citations vacated
COMM

Hammonds Construction, Inc.

Energized-line violation affirmed and penalty reduced

Hammonds Construction had a cold-line contract requiring power lines to be deenergized before work. Although the owner instructed the foreman to turn off all lines, the foreman sent two employees aloft above an energized 7,200-volt tap. A deenergized wire contacted the live line, killing one…

June 4, 1975
Modified
COMM

Buckley & Company, Inc.

Citations vacated after complaint deadline expired

A federal appeals court reversed the Commission's earlier dismissal of Buckley & Company's notice of contest. Because the Secretary had not filed a complaint after the case returned, the Commission gave the Secretary 20 days from receipt of its order to do so. The official release notes that no…

June 4, 1975
Procedural
COMM

Feazell Construction Co.

Serious excavation citation and $700 penalty affirmed

Feazell Construction employees worked in an excavation about 14 feet deep with barely sloped, unsupported walls in backfill soil. Standing water, visible sloughing, and rain-washed spoil showed a moving-ground hazard. Excavated material was also stored within two feet of the edge, and the access…

June 2, 1975
Citations affirmed
COMM

Armor Elevator Company, Inc.

Elevator-shaft fall citation and $80 penalty affirmed

An Armor Elevator foreman worked on a four-by-eight-foot platform at the roof level of a 12-story elevator shaft. Openings on both sides were large enough for him to fall through, but he chose not to use an available safety belt because he believed it would restrict movement. The judge found that a…

June 2, 1975
Citations affirmed
COMM

Cedar Construction Co.

Repeated spoil-pile violation and $1,275 penalty affirmed

Cedar Construction piled a seven-foot spoil bank, including clods weighing up to 20 pounds, directly at the edge of a 12.8-foot-deep trench where employees worked. The company had a prior final citation for the same spoil-placement standard at another Nebraska worksite, and the Lincoln foreman knew…

May 30, 1975
Mixed result
COMM

American Airlines, Inc.

Repeat and failure-to-abate settlement approved

American Airlines and the Secretary settled a repeated foot-hazard citation and a related failure-to-abate notice after the company represented that it had corrected the conditions. The judge approved only the failure-to-abate portion because the repeated citation had not been forwarded into the…

May 30, 1975
Settled
COMM

General Bronze Architectural Products

Serious fall citation affirmed and penalty reduced

A General Bronze employee welded at the fifth-floor perimeter without a safety belt while a foreman was close enough to observe him. The Commission held that the pre-amendment personal-protective-equipment standard was enforceable here because the employee faced a fall of more than 25 feet and…

May 29, 1975
Mixed result
COMM

Federal Glass Co.

Employee notice required for noise settlement

Federal Glass withdrew its contest after the Secretary agreed to extend the abatement date for a workplace-noise citation from July 1974 to December 1975. The Commission treated the linked motions as a settlement because the company received a material benefit from the extended deadline. The unions…

May 28, 1975
Procedural
COMM

The Federal Glass Company

Employee notice required for noise settlement

Federal Glass withdrew its contest after the Secretary agreed to extend the abatement date for a workplace-noise citation from July 1974 to December 1975. The Commission treated the linked motions as a settlement because the company received a material benefit from the extended deadline. The unions…

May 28, 1975
Procedural
COMM

Garcia Concrete, Inc.

Unqualified-loader violation affirmed and penalty reduced

A 17-year-old laborer who had only driven a front-end loader in the company yard was directed by a crew lead to move it about two miles on public roads. The company president had stopped the worker's equipment training and instructed him not to operate the loader, but had not told crew leaders…

May 27, 1975
Modified
COMM

Layton Roofing Company, Inc.

Flat-roof guardrail citation and $300 penalty affirmed

Layton Roofing employees worked on a flat concrete roof more than 16 feet above the ground without perimeter guardrails. An employee had fallen from the roof and died the day before OSHA's inspection. The judge held that the open-sided-floor standard did not apply to flat roofs, but the Commission…

May 27, 1975
Citations affirmed
COMM

Edward M. Ream, Inc.

Flat-roof fall citation vacated

Employees installed roofing on a flat, solid-surfaced roof more than 100 feet above the ground without perimeter railings, nets, or personal fall protection. An employee had previously fallen from the roof and died. The judge held that the cited safety-net and personal-protective-equipment…

May 27, 1975
Citations vacated
COMM

Norrwock Shoe Company, Div. of SCOA Industries, Inc.

Citation dismissed for lack of evidence

The Secretary moved to dismiss the citation and complaint for lack of evidence, and the judge granted the motion. On review, the Commission asked whether affected employees had received notice. The company then certified that it posted the dismissal motion, the judge's order, and the direction for…

May 27, 1975
Procedural
COMM

Hanovia Lamp Division, Canrad Precision Industries, Inc.

High-voltage general-duty citation vacated

On remand from the Third Circuit, the Commission considered whether Hanovia should have required two-person teams for high-voltage laboratory testing. The Secretary's expert said many major companies used that practice, but the evidence also showed that laboratories varied their approach depending…

May 23, 1975
Citations vacated
COMM

Sierra Permaneer

Settlement approved after union service completed

The parties settled a 27-item nonserious citation through penalty reductions, extended abatement dates, amendment of one cited standard, vacation of items 4, 14, and 23, and withdrawal of the company's contest to the remaining disputed items. Review initially focused on whether posting alone…

May 23, 1975
Settled
COMM

Canton Elevator & Manufacturing Co.

Settlement and $150 penalty affirmed

Canton Elevator contested only the proposed penalties. The Secretary agreed to reduce two $100 penalties to $50 each, producing a total settlement penalty of $150, and the company withdrew its contest. The Commission affirmed the settlement under precedent holding that workplace posting gave…

May 23, 1975
Settled
COMM

C & R Cabinet Company

Failure-to-abate and posting penalties assessed

A follow-up inspection found six unabated machine-guarding violations involving ripsaws, radial saws, sanders, and a conveyor. C & R Cabinet had corrected seven other items and had ordered some missing guard parts, so the judge reduced the proposed $1,675 failure-to-abate penalty to $825. The…

May 23, 1975
Modified
COMM

Alcap Electrical Corp.

Subcontractor citations affirmed for employee exposure

Alcap Electrical was an electrical subcontractor at a building project where employees encountered unguarded floor openings, unguarded stairs, unsecured gas cylinders, and other construction hazards. Alcap argued that it did not create or control the hazardous conditions. The Commission held that a…

May 15, 1975
Citations affirmed
COMM

R. P. Drywall, Inc.

Citation withdrawal conditioned on employee notice

R. P. Drywall installed drywall on construction and reconstruction projects in Miami. OSHA cited the company over the condition and inspection of hand-held electric tools and extension cords, but later sought to dismiss the complaint and withdraw the citation because it lacked sufficient evidence…

May 14, 1975
Procedural
COMM

Carling Electric, Inc.

Settlement affirmed after employee-service issue became moot

Carling Electric contested one item of a non-serious citation carrying a proposed $40 penalty. The parties settled by extending the item's abatement date to November 1, 1974, and asking that the citation and penalty be affirmed. The record did not show that affected employees received the…

May 14, 1975
Settled
COMM

Kisco Company, Inc.

Welding equipment citation vacated for lack of proof

Kisco fabricated coil and sheet metal products at a Missouri plant. OSHA cited the company after a maintenance electrician was fatally shocked while repairing a side seam welding machine, alleging violations involving its disconnect switch and maintenance practices. The judge found that the switch…

May 14, 1975
Citations vacated
COMM

Hartwell Excavating Co.

Mixed ruling on blasting, equipment, and noise items

Hartwell Excavating was cited for eight nonserious violations involving explosives, equipment guards and alarms, and occupational noise at an Idaho sewer project. The Secretary moved to withdraw citation items 1 through 4 after the judge's decision. The Commission allowed withdrawal of items 2…

May 13, 1975
Mixed result
COMM

Donovan's Blacktop, Inc.

Settlement affirms citations and reduces penalties

Donovan's Blacktop faced citations from inspections of its garage and two Massachusetts construction sites. The cited conditions included poor housekeeping, improper electrical grounding, an unsupported trench, missing eye protection, and gasoline carried in an unapproved container. The parties…

May 12, 1975
Settled
COMM

Allstate Trailer Sales, Inc.

Penalties reassessed after citations became final

Allstate Trailer Sales manufactured recreational vehicles at a Seattle plant. OSHA issued a serious citation involving unguarded saws and an eleven-item nonserious citation covering posting, recordkeeping, machine guarding, electrical grounding, and eye protection. Allstate's timely notice…

May 12, 1975
Modified
COMM

Garland Call Pole Co.

Two final violations restored and one item vacated

Garland Call Pole operated a small Idaho pole yard where OSHA cited unguarded debarker components, flammable liquids near welding and cutting equipment, and inadequate protection for a debarker operator. Garland timely contested only the penalties for the first two violations, then attempted to…

May 8, 1975
Mixed result
COMM

Laminating Services

Failure-to-abate penalties reduced to $400

Laminating Services manufactured wood and vinyl wall covering at a Kentucky plant. It did not timely correct final citation items involving unguarded machine points of operation and unguarded sprocket wheels and chains. The company sought an extension only after the abatement deadline, and the…

May 7, 1975
Modified
COMM

Robert E. Lee Plumbers, Inc.

Exposing subcontractor held liable for site hazards

Robert E. Lee Plumbers was the plumbing subcontractor on a project involving four six-story residential buildings. Its employees had to move throughout the site and were exposed to debris, unguarded wall openings, and stairways without railings. The Commission held that the company could be cited…

May 2, 1975
Citations affirmed
COMM

Consolidated Pine, Inc.

Settlement preserves repeated classification

Consolidated Pine contested a $90 repeated violation involving a work platform and a willful-serious violation involving unguarded trim saws. The parties settled by reclassifying the saw violation as serious, reducing its proposed penalty from $5,400 to $1,000, and allowing the company to withdraw…

May 1, 1975
Settled
COMM

Petrolane Offshore Construction Service, Inc.

Maritime work citations affirmed under OSHA coverage

Petrolane performed offshore construction and ship repair work at a Louisiana site, including conversion of a barge and sandblasting a drilling-platform structure. OSHA issued seventeen nonserious citation items covering recordkeeping, cranes, abrasive blasting, compressed-gas cylinders, scaffolds…

May 1, 1975
Citations affirmed
COMM

Paccar, Inc.

Press-brake guarding violation affirmed, tank-roll item vacated

Paccar used a tank roll machine and eight press brakes to form metal parts at a truck manufacturing facility. The Commission found that the press brakes lacked point-of-operation protection and that guards over their power-transmission components did not address that separate hazard. It held that…

May 1, 1975
Mixed result
COMM

Cooper Industries, Inc.

Spray-booth penalty restored to proposed amount

Cooper Industries operated a small Ohio metal fabrication, welding, and painting plant. The citation included items involving respirators, a dip-tank railing, a forklift horn, spray-booth ventilation, and combustible residue in a spray booth. On review, the Commission declined to decide whether the…

May 1, 1975
Modified
COMM

All United Rent

Trench citation vacated as unpreventable occurrence

All United Rent supplied a backhoe and an experienced operator for excavation of a sewer-connection trench in Utah. The trench was about 18 feet deep, had steep unsupported sides, and collapsed while the operator and two other workers were inside. OSHA cited the equipment lessor for failing to…

April 30, 1975
Citations vacated
COMM

Horowitz Bross., Inc.

Serious trench citation vacated for lack of proof

Horowitz was laying water pipe in a trench that was about 88 feet long, roughly six feet deep, three feet wide at the bottom, and seven feet wide at the top. OSHA alleged that the trench violated the rule for hard or compact soil because it was not adequately shored or sloped. The Commission held…

April 30, 1975
Mixed result
COMM

Pollard, Inc.

Excavation citation affirmed and penalty reduced

Pollard installed concrete pipe in wet, sandy-clay excavations near a heavily traveled Utah highway. Two employees worked in excavations whose walls were not protected by shoring, adequate sloping, or another equivalent method. The Commission affirmed the violation because the employees were…

April 30, 1975
Modified
COMM

Isaacson Structural Steel Co.

Fall-protection citation vacated where cited methods were infeasible

Isaacson erected a structural-steel A-frame over water as part of a log deck at an Alaska paper mill. One employee worked at the top of the frame while two welders worked from a float scaffold, all more than 25 feet above the water. The Commission rejected the Secretary's late request to apply the…

April 30, 1975
Citations vacated

What these documents are

  • Commission decisions: Rulings by the Occupational Safety and Health Review Commission itself, the highest level of agency review. These are citable as Commission precedent, though a decision may have been appealed to a U.S. Court of Appeals after issuance.
  • ALJ decisions: Rulings by OSHRC Administrative Law Judges after a hearing. When no Commissioner directs review, an ALJ decision becomes a final order under 29 U.S.C. § 661(j): it binds the parties in that case but is not binding precedent in other cases.
  • Why finality matters: Every page here says which kind of decision you are reading, so you know whether it is precedent you can cite or a final order that only shows how one judge ruled on one set of facts.
  • Where they come from: Every page links the official OSHRC public release, and the full text on the page is that release. The plain-English summaries are written by Ezel.