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Federal agency decisions, searchable in plain English.

Workplace-safety cases from the Occupational Safety and Health Review Commission (OSHRC) and mine-safety cases from the Federal Mine Safety and Health Review Commission (FMSHRC), each with a plain-English summary, the standards it cites, and whether it counts as precedent. More agencies are coming.

5,577 decisions and counting · Latest decision July 17, 2026
5,577 decisions

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ALJ

Commercial Painting, Inc.

Forklift-supported work-platform violations affirmed

Commercial Painting used a rough-terrain forklift to support an employee-built work platform about 21 feet above the ground. The judge held that rough-terrain forklifts are equipment similar to front-end loaders under the scaffold standard and may support personnel platforms only when the…

April 11, 2005 ·Stephen J. Simko, Jr.
Citations affirmed
COMM

Structural Grouting Systems Excavating, Inc.

Default judgment vacated after missed conference

A judge entered a $60,500 default judgment after Structural Grouting Systems missed one pretrial telephone conference and did not answer a show-cause order. The employer had timely sought Commission review, but its petition was inadvertently never circulated before the default became final. The…

April 11, 2005
Remanded
COMM

Missouri Gas Energy

Late notice of contest reinstated by agreement

Missouri Gas Energy filed a late notice of contest after the original excavation citations were signed for by a clerk and then lost internally. A judge granted the Secretary's motion to reject the notice as untimely, and the employer sought Commission review. While review was pending, the Secretary…

April 6, 2005
Remanded
COMM

Safeway #2555, and its successors

Unguarded bakery-mixer citation vacated for lack of exposure

OSHA cited two unguarded Hobart bakery mixers even though neither mixer was running during the inspection. Safeway employees did not need to add ingredients or put their hands in the bowls while the mixers operated, and the workplace prohibited loose clothing and kept floors clean and dry. The…

April 5, 2005
Citations vacated
COMM

Lewis County Dairy Corp.

Commerce dismissal reversed and citations reinstated

After a five-day hearing, the judge dismissed 46 citation items and $141,100 in proposed penalties because he found that Lewis County Dairy was not engaged in a business affecting commerce. The Commission found clear error because the dairy had repeatedly stipulated and admitted that its business…

April 1, 2005
Remanded
ALJ

PICO Industries, Inc.

Fire-escape platform fall citation affirmed

Two PICO employees worked on an unguarded steel fire-escape platform during a Washington, D.C., theater renovation. Part of the platform extended beyond a lower roof, creating an unobstructed 27-foot fall to the street, and photographs showed one worker with a foot extending over the edge. The…

March 21, 2005 ·William C. Cregar
Citations affirmed
COMM

Allstate Painting & Contracting Co., Inc.

All citations vacated because Allstate was not the employer

OSHA cited Allstate Painting for numerous toxic-exposure and fall-protection violations on an Ohio bridge project. Although Allstate held the subcontract, it had assigned its rights and obligations to American Painting, whose long-term employees performed and supervised the work. Applying the…

March 15, 2005
Citations vacated
COMM

South Dakota Beverly Enterprises, Inc. d/b/a Beverly Health Care Bella Vista Nursing Home, and Commercial Management, Inc. d/b/a Beverly Health Care - Ipswich

Mixer-guarding citations vacated for lack of exposure

OSHA cited two South Dakota nursing homes for operating unguarded Hobart A-200 food mixers. Employees generally turned the mixers off before adding ingredients, and the only exception involved pouring liquid from a gallon pitcher through the opening above the bowl. The Commission found no…

March 15, 2005
Citations vacated
ALJ

Nelson Tree Service, Inc.

Bucket-truck safety citations vacated

A Nelson Tree Service crew leader was seriously injured when a bucket truck's crank-arm assembly failed, the boom collapsed, and he was ejected from the bucket. The judge found that the Secretary did not prove the truck lacked the required inspection because the company's annual inspection record…

March 11, 2005 ·Covette Rooney
Citations vacated
ALJ

Caretti, Inc.

Canopy fall-protection citation vacated

A Caretti apprentice bricklayer climbed onto an unguarded school entrance canopy 11 feet above the ground and laid brick without fall protection. The superintendent had assigned him work below the canopy and had directed another crew to add a second scaffold stage that would provide protection for…

March 10, 2005 ·William C. Cregar
Citations vacated
ALJ

Taj Mahal Contracting/Gen Construction Company

Jurisdiction established on remand

The Commission remanded this late-contest case for a clearer determination of whether Taj Mahal Contracting was the employer at the inspected New York construction site. The compliance officer testified that workers identified Taj Mahal and its president, the company's accountant identified…

March 4, 2005 ·Irving Sommer
Procedural
ALJ

Kiva Hotel & Convention Center

Citations affirmed after respondent abandoned cases

Kiva Hotel & Convention Center contested citations in two consolidated cases and initially participated through an attorney. A planned settlement was never filed, the business closed, and the attorney could no longer locate the owner. The company did not answer requests for admissions, so the…

March 3, 2005 ·Robert A. Yetman
Procedural
ALJ

Blackstone Group, LLC

Late notice of contest accepted for excusable neglect

Blackstone filed its notice of contest 44 days late after its site superintendent relied on a subcontractor's promise to contest citations issued to both companies. The judge found that the delay was within Blackstone's reasonable control because the superintendent knew the deadline and could have…

February 28, 2005 ·Irving Sommer
Procedural
COMM

Siemens Energy & Automation, Inc.

Power-press inspection program had to cover concealed parts

Siemens performed monthly inspections of 23 mechanical power presses but limited them to visible parts and operating checks. After a press component broke and injured an operator, a repair company found missing springs, loose anchors, oily brakes, and improper adjustments in concealed areas. The…

February 25, 2005
Citations affirmed
ALJ

Carson Concrete Corp. and Carco Construction Corp.

Citations affirmed after refusal to proceed

Carson Concrete and Carco Construction sought a continuance four days before a long-scheduled hearing after changing counsel and disavowing earlier discovery responses. The judge found that the companies had known the hearing date for months, had not opposed key motions, and had waited until the…

February 17, 2005 ·William C. Cregar
Procedural
ALJ

Sawyer Steel, Inc.

Steel-joist and fall-protection items partly affirmed

A Sawyer Steel ironworker died after unbridged joists rolled while he released a crane choker from a bundle of perimeter angle that had been landed on the joists. The judge affirmed that the company began steel erection without written concrete-strength notification, failed to attach joists…

February 9, 2005 ·Stephen J. Simko, Jr.
Mixed result
COMM

AA Plumbing, Inc.

Pro se default judgment set aside and case remanded

A judge entered default against AA Plumbing after the pro se employer did not answer the Secretary's complaint, affirming serious and willful citations with $26,250 in penalties. AA Plumbing told the Commission that it had never received the complaint and learned of the dismissal motion only after…

February 3, 2005
Remanded
ALJ

W.G. Yates & Sons Construction Co., Inc., Heavy Division

Slope fall-protection violations affirmed

A Yates crew installed grass matting on a slope ending at a 65-foot drop. The foreman worked without any fall protection, while two crew members wore their harnesses backward with the foreman's permission because the supplied lanyards were too short for the work. The judge found that the foreman's…

January 31, 2005 ·Stephen J. Simko, Jr.
Citations affirmed
COMM

Major Construction Corp., Inc. and Michael J. Polites

Fall citations largely affirmed with $223,200 penalty

Major Construction was the concrete subcontractor on a 32-story structure where OSHA documented extensive fall-protection and related violations, including violations after an imminent-danger notice was posted. The Commission largely upheld the judge's findings on feasibility, employer…

January 26, 2005
Mixed result
COMM

Hercules, Inc. and Alliant Techsystems, Inc.

Recordkeeping failure-to-abate notices vacated

OSHA issued Hercules failure-to-abate notices after a settlement required correction of old injury logs and certifications. The underlying citation listed only broad injury categories and counts, while OSHA repeatedly declined to identify the employees and incidents that had to be added. The…

January 21, 2005
Citations vacated
COMM

Samuel Filisko d/b/a Associated Contractors Group

$141,000 default set aside for uncertain service

A judge entered default against Associated Contractors Group after the pro se employer filed a late answer and did not respond to a show-cause order, affirming citations with $141,000 in proposed penalties. The service certificate misspelled the company address, and postal tracking showed that the…

January 21, 2005
Remanded
ALJ

Davis H. Elliot Company

Power-line citation vacated for unpreventable misconduct

A Davis H. Elliot Company foreman was electrocuted when a 6-foot-4-inch ground wire contacted a 7,200-volt line about 52 inches away. He did not use the available rubber gloves, sleeves, or insulating hoses. The judge found that the ground wire breached the minimum approach distance and that the…

January 21, 2005 ·Ken S. Welsch
Citations vacated
ALJ

Purler-Cannon-Schulte, Inc.

Repeat cave-in protection violation affirmed

Purler-Cannon-Schulte was installing a 72-inch storm sewer line when OSHA found its foreman working near an almost vertical wall in an excavation about 11 feet deep. The soil was Type B, and the south wall lacked adequate sloping, benching, shoring, or shielding. The judge rejected the company's…

January 18, 2005 ·Ken S. Welsch
Citations affirmed
COMM

Akwesasne Mohawk Casino

Treaty-based OSHA dismissal reversed and case remanded

OSHA inspected the tribal casino and a nearby warehouse and issued two citations. The judge dismissed them on the theory that applying the OSH Act would violate treaties covering the Six Nations. The Commission held that the St. Regis Indians and their reservation were governed by different…

January 6, 2005
Remanded
COMM

Daniel Koury Construction, Inc.

Default vacated after one missed conference

A judge entered default against Daniel Koury Construction after its president missed one pretrial telephone conference, affirming a citation and a $600 proposed penalty. The show-cause order was not sent by the certified mail required by Commission rules, the record did not establish receipt, and…

December 30, 2004
Remanded
ALJ

Thomas Lindstrom & Co., Inc.

Fifth-floor fall-protection violations affirmed

Thomas Lindstrom & Co. employees performed steel erection on the fifth level of a Philadelphia building about 60 feet above the ground. An OSHA compliance officer recorded three ironworkers near an unprotected edge without being tied off. The judge credited the officer and the video over employee…

December 30, 2004 ·Covette Rooney
Citations affirmed
ALJ

Soltek Pacific

Floor-hole violation reduced to other-than-serious with no penalty

Soltek Pacific was the general contractor for a multi-story barracks project at the Puget Sound Naval Shipyard. OSHA found two uncovered seven-inch floor openings above electrical subcontractor employees working on the level below. Soltek did not dispute that covers were required, but challenged…

December 29, 2004 ·Benjamin R. Loye
Modified
ALJ

Southern Foods, d/b/a Meadow Gold Dairies

Most lockout and guarding items vacated after trimmer injury

A Meadow Gold Dairies employee lost a finger while clearing a jam from a milk-jug trimmer after employees propped its reset button in the on position. The judge vacated a lockout-procedure item because the company's written procedures addressed the hazardous energy sources identified for the…

December 27, 2004 ·James H. Barkley
Mixed result
ALJ

Darby Creek Excavating

Four excavation items vacated and one inspection violation affirmed

Darby Creek Excavating was installing a water line when OSHA found an employee in a deep excavation with accumulated water, no ladder, and no cave-in protection. The judge vacated the general duty clause item because the Secretary did not prove that failing to barricade the excavator's swing radius…

December 9, 2004 ·Ken S. Welsch
Mixed result
ALJ

Saiia Construction

Concrete-pipe lifting hazard citation vacated

Saiia Construction was installing concrete pipe in an excavation when OSHA investigated a worksite accident. The remaining citation alleged that an employee in the trench was exposed to being struck by a concrete pipe as an excavator lifted it. The judge found that the hazard was recognized but…

December 6, 2004 ·Stephen J. Simko, Jr.
Citations vacated
COMM

Simon Roofing and Sheet Metal, Inc.

Late-notice case remanded for excusable-neglect analysis

Simon Roofing filed its notice of contest months late after a temporary employee signed for the OSHA citation and the document was misplaced. The judge denied relief, finding that the company's mail-handling procedures were inadequate. The Third Circuit later vacated the Commission's final order on…

November 22, 2004
Remanded
COMM

The Timken Company

Split Commission leaves two lockout violations in place

OSHA cited Timken after a maintenance employee was seriously injured when part of a steel mill moved during a hydraulic-hose repair. The judge found that the company had not adequately trained its authorized employees on hazardous energy control and that the mill had not been fully locked out. She…

November 15, 2004
Citations affirmed
ALJ

Marcella Nursing & Rehabilitation Center, Cinnaminson Nursing Center, Geriatric & Medical Services

EAJA fee request denied after parent assets aggregated

Three nursing facilities sought attorney fees and expenses under the Equal Access to Justice Act. Each facility individually met the size and net-worth limits, but their corporate parent, Genesis Health Ventures, did not. On remand, the judge found that Genesis exercised extensive control over the…

November 15, 2004 ·Irving Sommer
Procedural
COMM

Davis Brothers Construction Company, Inc.

Late notice dismissal affirmed for lack of proof

Davis Brothers claimed that its safety consultant timely left a notice of contest with an OSHA receptionist after an informal conference. OSHA had no record of receiving the letter and sent two abatement notices before receiving a later copy. The judge credited OSHA's established document-handling…

November 4, 2004
Procedural
COMM

Taj Mahal Contracting/Gen Construction Co.

Late-contest case remanded to decide employer identity

OSHA issued construction citations with $9,300 in proposed penalties to Taj Mahal Contracting, which filed its notice of contest three days late. The owner claimed that OSHA had cited the wrong company and that his sole proprietorship had no employees. The Commission agreed with the judge that the…

October 25, 2004
Remanded
COMM

Environmental Enterprises, Inc.

Settlement motion prompted remand for employee comment

Environmental Enterprises treated hazardous wastewater at its Cincinnati facility, where mixing sodium sulfide and an acid generated hydrogen sulfide that rendered an employee unconscious. The judge affirmed three serious violations involving excessive exposure, engineering or administrative…

October 20, 2004
Remanded
ALJ

J. Mess Plumbing Co., Inc.

Five excavation violations affirmed and two vacated

J. Mess Plumbing sent crews to locate and repair a sewer line through an excavation more than nine feet deep in a residential yard. OSHA cited the company for seven alleged violations involving traffic protection, warning vests, atmospheric testing, spoil placement, training, competent-person…

October 18, 2004 ·Stephen J. Simko, Jr.
Mixed result
COMM

Suttles Truck Leasing, Inc.

Seven violations affirmed with reduced penalties

Suttles washed tank trailers that had carried hazardous chemicals, and employees sometimes entered the washed tanks for inspection or residue removal. The Commission held that the tanks remained permit-required confined spaces after washing because the washing process was part of the company's…

September 30, 2004
Mixed result
COMM

Arcadian Corporation

Willful reactor-safety violation affirmed after explosion

A pressurized urea reactor exploded at Arcadian's fertilizer plant after corrosive material breached its stainless steel liner and damaged the load-bearing carbon steel layers. The Commission found that Arcadian and its industry recognized the danger of continuing to operate a leaking reactor and…

September 30, 2004
Citations affirmed
ALJ

Jan Five Corp. d/b/a Alexandra Construction

Three willful steel-erection violations affirmed

Alexandra Construction was the general contractor on a high school project where a 55-foot steel column fell after its modified anchor bolts pulled out. Before steel erection began, Alexandra failed to give the erector written notice that the concrete had adequate strength and that anchor-bolt…

September 24, 2004 ·Michael H. Schoenfeld
Citations affirmed
ALJ

Epernay Design and Construction, LLC

Willful anchor-bolt violation affirmed after column collapse

Epernay was the concrete and foundation subcontractor on a high school project where a 55-foot steel column fell shortly after being detached from a crane. Epernay's crew had cut off and replaced anchor bolts without first obtaining the project structural engineer's approval, and all four modified…

September 24, 2004 ·Michael H. Schoenfeld
Citations affirmed
ALJ

Genesis HealthCare Corp. d/b/a Cooper River East Center

Needle-safety violations affirmed and sharps item vacated

Genesis operated a nursing home where an employee sustained a needlestick from a prefilled syringe that lacked a built-in guard. The judge found that nurses had used prefilled syringes without the required add-on needle guards and that Genesis could not show reliable annual training or records…

September 22, 2004 ·Michael H. Schoenfeld
Mixed result
COMM

Marcella Nursing & Rehabilitation Center, Cinnaminson Nursing Center, and Geriatric Medical Services, Cooper River, East

EAJA eligibility remanded for parent-control findings

Three nursing facilities prevailed when the judge vacated their bloodborne-pathogen citations and then sought attorney fees and expenses under the Equal Access to Justice Act. Each facility independently met the employee and net-worth limits, but their parent company, Genesis Health Ventures…

September 21, 2004
Remanded
COMM

Emery Air Freight Corporation

K-Loader fall violations affirmed despite FAA claim

Emery cargo handlers rode unguarded elevator platforms on K-Loader trucks to reach aircraft cargo doors, exposing them to falls of more than 4 feet and as much as 13 feet. Emery argued that Federal Aviation Administration oversight displaced OSHA jurisdiction because the FAA had approved an airline…

September 14, 2004
Citations affirmed
COMM

Gunite Corporation

Willful silica and respirator violations affirmed

Gunite operated a truck-parts foundry where employees were exposed to respirable silica from large quantities of sand used in the casting process. The Commission vacated four air-contaminant items because respirators provided adequate protection for four cited employees and the Secretary did not…

September 3, 2004
Mixed result
COMM

Avon Contractors, Inc.

Late-contest case remanded for a merits hearing

Avon Contractors filed its notice contesting OSHA citations after the statutory deadline. The Third Circuit held that the late filing resulted from excusable neglect, vacated the Commission order dismissing the contest, and directed that the citations be heard on their merits. The Commission…

August 11, 2004
Remanded
COMM

George Harms Construction Co., Inc.

Late-contest case remanded for a merits hearing

George Harms Construction filed its notice contesting OSHA citations after the statutory deadline. The Third Circuit found excusable neglect, vacated the Commission order dismissing the contest, and reaffirmed that the Commission may grant relief from a late filing under Federal Rule of Civil…

August 11, 2004
Remanded
COMM

MasTec North America, Inc., successor of Weeks Construction, Inc.

Energized-line citation vacated and general-duty claim remanded

A MasTec employee was fatally electrocuted while removing slack from an energized 7,200-volt utility line after the cut ends swung into his body. OSHA alleged that the employee worked inside the minimum approach distance without adequate insulation, even though he wore voltage-rated gloves and…

August 2, 2004
Remanded
ALJ

Bridges Grading & Hauling, Inc.

Two trench violations affirmed and inspection item vacated

Bridges was laying storm pipe at a residential development while an employee worked in a trench more than eight feet deep. The judge found that the company provided no safe means of egress and allowed the spoil pile to rise directly from the trench edge without an adequate retaining device. She…

August 2, 2004 ·Nancy J. Spies
Mixed result
ALJ

DCM Erectors, Inc.

Fall, training, and eye-protection violations affirmed

DCM performed steel erection on a high-rise project where an employee died after slipping on a snow-covered deck and falling through a large unguarded opening. The judge found a repeated violation because safety cabling had been removed from one side of the opening and not replaced, even though DCM…

July 19, 2004 ·Irving Sommer
Citations affirmed
ALJ

S. A. Storer and Sons Co.

Repeat scaffold violation narrowed on remand

After court and Commission review, the judge was directed to narrow a repeat scaffold fall-protection citation. He vacated the allegation concerning a window-opening area but affirmed the violation at a materials-staging area. One employee there was exposed to a fall of about 19 to 20 feet, and the…

July 15, 2004 ·Stephen J. Simko, Jr.
Mixed result
ALJ

Prime Roofing Corp.

Late notice of contest dismissed

Prime Roofing filed its notice contesting an OSHA citation after the 15-working-day deadline. The company explained that the departure of a key employee had severely disrupted its small business and required its president to focus on rebuilding sales. The judge found that the president knew of the…

July 12, 2004 ·Michael H. Schoenfeld
Procedural
ALJ

Construction 2000, Inc.

Late notice of contest dismissed

Construction 2000 filed its notice contesting an OSHA citation after the 15-working-day deadline. Its president explained that he was out of state caring for a sick relative when the citation arrived and that his small business had no clerical staff or procedure for handling important mail during…

July 9, 2004 ·Irving Sommer
Procedural
COMM

ARCON, Inc.

Six asbestos violations affirmed and three vacated

ARCON removed asbestos-containing wallboard from crew spaces aboard a ship, where panels broke apart, air samples exceeded exposure limits, and containment sheeting had holes and gaps. The Commission held that the required sampling method supported the asbestos exposure findings and affirmed the…

July 1, 2004
Mixed result
ALJ

R. Williams Construction Company

Five trench-safety violations affirmed

Two employees entered a waterlogged, unshored sewer trench to clean pumps, and the trench collapsed, killing one employee and severely injuring the other. The judge found that R. Williams provided almost no trench-safety training, lacked a safe egress route, and used supervisors who were not…

June 28, 2004 ·James H. Barkley
Citations affirmed
COMM

North Dallas Acrylic & Stucco, Inc.

Scaffold case remanded for new evidence findings

A judge had affirmed two scaffold citation items and assessed a $250 penalty for each. The Fifth Circuit vacated those items because the judge had not applied the proper legal standard when evaluating the evidence and emphasized that weighing the evidence was the judge's responsibility. The…

June 23, 2004
Remanded
ALJ

Tradesmen Group, Inc.

Two fall-protection violations affirmed

Tradesmen Group performed renovation, remodeling, and historical restoration work at a site in Peninsula, Ohio. OSHA cited the company after two employees worked from an aerial lift and on a working surface without required fall protection. After a hearing, the judge issued a bench decision finding…

June 11, 2004 ·Michael H. Schoenfeld
Citations affirmed
ALJ

RMS Construction, Inc.

Trench and worksite violations affirmed

RMS Construction was a subcontractor building a block wall in a deep trench on a New Jersey road and bridge project. OSHA found RMS employees working outside the trench box in Type C soil, with no safe egress, no competent-person inspections, uncapped rebar, inadequate hazard training and worksite…

June 11, 2004 ·Irving Sommer
Citations affirmed
ALJ

Richard Kenda Farms

Field water violation affirmed, two sanitation items vacated

Richard Kenda Farms used seasonal workers to hand harvest vegetables in Florida fields. The judge found that potable water was sometimes not brought to workers until one to four hours after harvesting began in hot conditions, so he affirmed that violation as serious. He vacated the single-use cup…

June 4, 2004 ·Ken S. Welsch
Mixed result
ALJ

Alexander G. McLaren

Ship-repair citations split

Alexander G. McLaren employed workers to convert two former Canadian naval vessels into pleasure craft in Washington. The judge upheld OSHA's inspection warrant and rejected McLaren's challenge to agency jurisdiction. He vacated three atmosphere-testing allegations because the fuel tank's top had…

June 4, 2004 ·Robert A. Yetman
Mixed result

What these documents are

  • Commission decisions: Rulings by the Occupational Safety and Health Review Commission itself, the highest level of agency review. These are citable as Commission precedent, though a decision may have been appealed to a U.S. Court of Appeals after issuance.
  • ALJ decisions: Rulings by OSHRC Administrative Law Judges after a hearing. When no Commissioner directs review, an ALJ decision becomes a final order under 29 U.S.C. § 661(j): it binds the parties in that case but is not binding precedent in other cases.
  • Why finality matters: Every page here says which kind of decision you are reading, so you know whether it is precedent you can cite or a final order that only shows how one judge ruled on one set of facts.
  • Where they come from: Every page links the official OSHRC public release, and the full text on the page is that release. The plain-English summaries are written by Ezel.