Late corporate classification and S corporation elections allowed

Plain-English summary

A limited liability company intended from a specified date to be classified as a corporation and taxed as an S corporation. It failed to file either Form 2553, which could have supplied a deemed corporate classification election, or a separate Form 8832. The IRS found that the company met the regulatory relief requirements and had reasonable cause for the late S election. It granted 120 days to file Form 8832 for corporate classification and Form 2553 for S corporation status, both with the intended effective date. The ruling does not decide whether the company otherwise qualifies as an S corporation or relieve any late-return penalties.

Ruling snapshot

• Question: May the limited liability company make late corporate classification and S corporation elections?
• Outcome: Approved, with 120 days to file Forms 8832 and 2553
• Key authorities: IRC §§ 1361(b), 1362(a), 1362(b)(5); Treas. Reg. §§ 301.7701-3, 301.9100-1, 301.9100-3

Full text (IRS public release)

Internal Revenue Service Department of the Treasury
Washington, DC 20224

Number: 202437004 Third Party Communication: None
Release Date: 9/13/2024 Date of Communication: Not Applicable
Index Numbers: 1362.00-00, 1362.01-03,
9100.00-00, 9100.31-00 Person To Contact:
----------------------, ID No. -----------------
------------------------------------- Telephone Number:
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----------------------------------- Refer Reply To:
----------------------------------- CC:PSI:B3
------------------------------------ PLR-124803-23
Date:
June 13, 2024

                          LEGEND

X = -------------------------------------

State = ---------

Date 1 = -------------------

Date 2 = ----------------------

Dear -------------:

     This letter responds to a letter dated December 12, 2023, and subsequent

correspondence, submitted on behalf of X requesting that the Service grant to X an
extension of time under § 301.9100-3 of the Procedure and Administration Regulations
to file an election to be classified as an association taxable as a corporation for federal
tax purposes under § 301.7701-3, and relief to file a late S corporation election under
§ 1362(b)(5) of the Internal Revenue Code (Code).

                                                 FACTS

   The information submitted states that X was formed as a limited liability company

under the laws of State on Date 1. X represents that it intended to elect to be classified
as an association taxable as a corporation and to elect to be treated as an S corporation
for federal tax purposes, with both elections effective Date 2. However, X failed to file

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Form 2553, Election by a Small Business Corporation, including the deemed election to
be classified as an association taxable as a corporation under § 301.7701-3(c)(1)(v)(C),
or any separate Form 8832, Entity Classification Election, effective Date 2.

                               LAW AND ANALYSIS

    Section 301.7701-3(a) provides that a business entity that is not classified as a

corporation under § 301.7701-2(b)(1), (3), (4), (5), (6), (7), or (8) (an eligible entity) can
elect its classification for federal tax purposes. An eligible entity with at least two
members can elect to be classified as either an association (and thus a corporation
under § 301.7701-2(b)) or a partnership. Elections are necessary only when an eligible
entity chooses to be classified initially as other than the default classification or when an
eligible entity chooses to change its classification.

     Section 301.7701-3(b)(1) provides that unless the entity elects otherwise, a

domestic eligible entity is: (i) a partnership if it has two or more members; or
(ii) disregarded as an entity separate from its owner if it has a single owner.

    Section 301.7701-3(c)(1)(i) provides that an eligible entity may elect to be

classified other than as provided under § 301.7701-3(b), or to change its classification,
by filing Form 8832 with the service center designated on Form 8832. Section
301.7701-3(c)(1)(iii) provides that this election will be effective on the date specified by
the entity on Form 8832 or on the date filed if no such date is specified on the election
form. The effective date specified on Form 8832 cannot be more than 75 days prior to
the date on which the election is filed.

   Section 301.7701-3(c)(1)(v)(C) provides that an eligible entity that timely elects to

be an S corporation under § 1362(a)(1) is treated as having made an election under
§ 301.7701-3 to be classified as an association, provided that (as of the effective date of
the election under § 1362(a)(1)) the entity meets all other requirements to qualify as a
small business corporation under § 1361(b). Subject to § 301.7701-3(c)(1)(iv), the
deemed election to be classified as an association will apply as of the effective date of
the S corporation election and will remain in effect until the entity makes a valid election
under § 301.7701-3(c)(1)(i), to be classified as other than an association.

    Section 301.9100-1(c) provides that the Commissioner in exercising the

Commissioner’s discretion may grant a reasonable extension of time under the rules set
forth in §§ 301.9100-2 and 301.9100-3 to make a regulatory election, or a statutory
election (but not more than 6 months except in the case of a taxpayer who is abroad),
under all subtitles of the Code except subtitles E, G, H, and I. Section 301.9100-1(b)
provides, in part, that the term “regulatory election” includes an election whose due date
is prescribed by a regulation published in the Federal Register.

  Section 301.9100-2 provides the rules governing automatic extensions of time for

making certain elections. Section 301.9100-3 provides the standards the Commissioner

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will use to determine whether to grant an extension of time for regulatory elections that
do not meet the requirements of § 301.9100-2.

    Section 301.9100-3(a) provides that requests for relief subject to § 301.9100-3

will be granted when the taxpayer provides the evidence (including affidavits described
in § 301.9100-3(e)) to establish to the satisfaction of the Commissioner that the
taxpayer acted reasonably and in good faith, and the grant of relief will not prejudice the
interests of the Government.

  Section 1362(a) provides that a small business corporation may elect to be an S

corporation.

    Section 1362(b)(1) provides that an election under § 1362(a) may be made by a

small business corporation for any taxable year (A) at any time during the preceding
taxable year, or (B) at any time during the taxable year and on or before the 15 th day of
the third month of the taxable year.

    Section 1362(b)(5) provides that if (A) an election under § 1362(a) is made for

any taxable year (determined without regard to § 1362(b)(3)) after the date prescribed
by § 1362(b) for making such election for such taxable year or no such election is made
for any taxable year, and (B) the Secretary determines that there was reasonable cause
for the failure to timely make such election, the Secretary may treat such an election as
timely made for such taxable year (and § 1362(b)(3) shall not apply).

                                   CONCLUSION

   Based solely on the facts submitted and representations made, we conclude that

X has satisfied the requirements of §§ 301.9100-1 and 301.9100-3. As a result, X is
granted an extension of time of 120 days from the date of this letter to file a Form 8832
with the appropriate service center to elect to be classified as an association taxable as
a corporation for federal tax purposes, effective Date 2. A copy of this letter should be
attached to the Form 8832.

   In addition, based solely on the facts submitted and representations made, we

conclude that X has established reasonable cause for failing to make a timely election
to be an S corporation effective Date 2 and is eligible for relief under § 1362(b)(5).
Accordingly, provided that X makes an election to be an S corporation by filing a
completed Form 2553 effective Date 2, with the appropriate service center within 120
days from the date of this letter, then such election shall be treated as timely made. A
copy of this letter should be attached to the Form 2553.

   We express no opinion concerning the assessment of any interest, additions to

tax, additional amounts, or penalties for failure to file a timely tax or information return
with respect to any taxable year that may be affected by this ruling. For example, we
express no opinion as to whether taxpayer is entitled to any relief from any penalty on

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the basis that this taxpayer had reasonable cause for failure to file timely any income
tax or information returns.

   Except as expressly provided herein, we express or imply no opinion concerning

the federal tax consequences of any aspect of any transaction or item discussed or
referenced in this letter. Specifically, we express or imply no opinion concerning
whether X is otherwise eligible to be an S corporation for federal tax purposes. In
addition, § 301.9100-1(a) provides that the granting of an extension of time for making
an election is not a determination that the taxpayer is otherwise eligible to make the
election.

  The rulings contained in this letter are based upon information and

representations submitted by the taxpayer and accompanied by a penalty of perjury
statement executed by an appropriate party. While this office has not verified any of the
material submitted in support of the requested rulings, it is subject to verification on
examination.

  These rulings are directed only to the taxpayer requesting them. Section

6110(k)(3) provides that they may not be used or cited as precedent.

  In accordance with a power of attorney on file with this office, we are sending a

copy of this letter to X’s authorized representative.

                                               Sincerely,

                                               Associate Chief Counsel
                                               (Passthroughs and Special Industries)



                                     By:       ______________________________
                                               Mary Beth Carchia
                                               Senior Technician Reviewer, Branch 3
                                               Office of the Associate Chief Counsel
                                               (Passthroughs & Special Industries)

Enclosure:
Copy of this letter for § 6110 purposes

PLR-124803-23 5

cc: ----------------------------------------------

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