Meeting-space organization denied fraternal exemption because it lacked a lodge system and fraternal activities

Plain-English summary

An organization formed to support a local recovery community applied for exemption as a domestic fraternal society under Section 501(c)(10). It provided rent-free meeting space, paid utilities and property costs with voluntary meeting contributions, and had an agreement allowing chapters of a regional organization to use the building. The applicant stated that it did not operate under a lodge system and that the related recovery organization was not itself described in Section 501(c)(8) or 501(c)(10). The IRS found no local branches chartered by a parent organization and no rituals, ceremonies, regalia, or other fraternal activities. It therefore denied exemption, and the denial became final after the organization did not protest within 30 days.

Ruling snapshot

• Question: Did providing meeting space to members of a recovery fellowship qualify the applicant as a domestic fraternal society operating under the lodge system?
• Outcome: Denied.
• Key authorities: IRC §§ 501(c)(8), 501(c)(10); Treas. Reg. §§ 1.501(c)(8)-1, 1.501(c)(10)-1; National Union v. Marlow; Philadelphia and Reading Relief Association v. Commissioner

Full text (IRS public release)

Department of the Treasury
Internal Revenue Service
Tax Exempt and Government Entities
P.O. Box 2508
Cincinnati, OH 45201

Date: May 25, 2021
Employer ID number:
Form you must file:
Tax years:
Number: 202133015
Release Date: 8/20/2021
Person to contact:
Name:
ID number:
Telephone:

UIL: 501.10-00

Dear

This letter is our final determination that you don’t qualify for exemption from federal income tax
under Internal Revenue Code (IRC) Section 501(a) as an organization described in IRC Section
501(c)(10). Recently, we sent you a proposed adverse determination in response to your application.
The proposed adverse determination explained the facts, law, and basis for our conclusion, and it gave

you 30 days to file a protest. Because we didn’t receive a protest within the required 30 days, the
proposed determination is now final.

You must file the federal income tax forms for the tax years shown above within 30 days from the date

of this letter unless you request an extension of time to file. For further instructions, forms, and
information, visit www.irs.gov.

We'll make this final adverse determination letter and the proposed adverse determination letter
available for public inspection after deleting certain identifying information, as required by IRC Section
6110. Read the enclosed Notice 437, Notice of Intention to Disclose, and review the two attached
letters that show our proposed deletions. If you disagree with our proposed deletions, follow the

instructions in the Notice 437 on how to notify us. If you agree with our deletions, you don’t need to
take any further action.

If you have questions about this letter, you can call the contact person shown above. If you have
questions about your federal income tax status and responsibilities, call our customer service number at

800-829-1040 (TTY 800-829-4933 for deaf or hard of hearing) or customer service for businesses at
800-829-4933.

Sincerely,

Stephen A. Martin
Director, Exempt Organizations
Rulings and Agreements

Letter 4038 (Rev. 1-2021)
Catalog Number 47632S

Enclosures:
Notice 437
Redacted Letter 4034
Redacted Letter 4038

Letter 4038 (Rev. 1-2021)
Catalog Number 47632S

Department of the Treasury

Internal Revenue Service

Cincinnati, OH 45201
Date: April 5, 2021
Employer ID number:
Contact person/ID number:

Contact telephone number:

Contact fax number:

Legend:

C = State
D = Date

E = Organization Name

F = Region

UIL: 501.10-00

Dear

We considered your application for recognition of exemption from federal income tax under Internal Revenue
Code (IRC) Section 501(a). We determined that you don’t qualify for exemption under IRC Section
501(c)(10). This letter explains the reasons for our conclusion. Please keep it for your records.

Issues
Do you qualify for exemption under IRC Section 501(c)(10)? No, for the reasons stated below.

Facts

You incorporated in C on D for the purpose of helping and supporting the E community in the local area.

You submitted Form 1024 to request exemption under IRC Section 501(c)(10) and indicated on the Schedule E,
that you will not operate under the lodge system nor will you provide payment of life, sick, accident or other
benefits. Specifically, you provide a place for members of E to hold their meetings.

Detailed information was subsequently requested. Information submitted reiterates that you do not operate
under the lodge system. You further explained that you offer a place for members of E to have meetings in
order to assist them in achieving and maintaining sobriety. You also indicated that E is not described in IRC
Section 501(c)(8) or IRC Section 501(c)(10). You have negotiated a rent free agreement with the building’s
owners to maintain the property and pay utilities in exchange for having unlimited access. In addition, you have
entered into an agreement with E to provide a space for any of their member chapters in F in order for them to
hold their meetings on a regular basis. You pay no dues or fees. All your income is from voluntary
contributions from E meetings. Your board uses these contributions to pay utilities and make decisions on
appropriating the remaining funds for building and property maintenance and upgrades. Your income is spent
on providing safe, comfortable and a readily available building space for members of F.

Law

Letter 4034 (Rev. 11-2018)
Catalog Number 47628K

IRC Section 501(c)(8) of the Internal Revenue Code provides for the exemption from federal income tax of
fraternal beneficiary societies, orders, or associations

(A) operating under the lodge system or for the exclusive benefit of the members of a fraternity itself
operating under the lodge system, and

(B) providing for the payment of life, sick, accident, or other benefits to the members of such society, order,
or association or their dependents.

IRC Section 501(c)(10) provides for the exemption from federal income tax of domestic fraternal societies,
orders, or associations operating under the lodge system, the net earnings of which are devoted exclusively to
religious, charitable, scientific, literary, educational, and fraternal purposes, and which do not provide for the
payment of life, sick, accident, or other benefits.

Treas. Reg. Section 1.501(c)(8)-1(a) states that a fraternal beneficiary society is exempt from tax only if operated
under the “lodge system” or for the exclusive benefit of the members so operating. “Operating under the lodge
system" means carrying on its activities under a form of organization that comprises local branches, chartered
by a parent organization and largely self-governing, called lodges, chapters, or the like. In order to be exempt it
is also necessary that the society have an established system for the payment to its members or their dependents
of life, sick, accident, or other benefits.

Treasury Regulation Section 1.501(c)(10)-1 provides that an organization will qualify for exemption under IRC
Section 501(c)(10) if it is a domestic fraternal beneficiary society, order, or association, described in Section
501(c)(8) and the regulations thereunder, except that it does not provide for the payment of life, sick, accident,
or other benefits to its members, and devotes its net earnings exclusively to religious, charitable, scientific,
literary, educational, and fraternal purposes.

The court in National Union v. Marlow, 74 F. 775, 778-779 (8 Cir. 1896) stated that even if the member of an
organization enjoys a common tie or goal, the organization does not serve a fraternal purpose unless its
members engage in fraternal activities.

In Philadelphia and Reading Relief Association v. Commissioner, 4 B.T.A. 713 (1926), the court held that an
organization of railroad company employees that made payments to members who became disabled because of
accident or sickness was not entitled to exemption because it was not “fraternal”. The court cited rituals,
ceremonies, and regalia as evidence of a fraternal purpose, and was unable to discover a single fraternal feature
in its organization, being entirely without social features or fraternal object. The petitioner has neither lodges,
rituals, ceremonial, nor regalia; and it owes no allegiance to any other authority or jurisdiction.

Application of law

Treas. Reg. Section 1.501(c)(10)-1 provides that an organization will qualify for exemption under IRC Section
501(c)(10) if it is a domestic fraternal beneficiary society, order, or association, described in Section 501(c)(8). As
required by Treas. Reg. Section 1.501(c)(8)-1(a), you are not operating under the lodge system. For example, you
are not operating in such a manner that comprises local branches chartered by a parent organization and largely
self-governing called lodges, chapters, or the like. This precludes exemption under IRC Section 501(c)(10).

Letter 4034 (Rev. 11-2018)
Catalog Number 47628K

You do not meet the definition of fraternal as provided in the National Union v. Marlow. You have not provided
any evidence that you have rituals, ceremonies or regalia as described in the court case, Philadelphia and
Reading Relief Association v. Commissioner. Even though your members may have a common tie, you do not
engage in fraternal activities within the meaning of the regulations.

Your Position:

You believe you qualify under IRC Section 501(c)(10). You stated that you have a fraternal purpose because
you supply a place for members of E to hold their meetings. There are up to eight meetings per week. The
purpose of the meetings is to provide activities for members of E to maintain sobriety. You also believe you
operate under the lodge system. This is illustrated by the fact you have an agreement with E to provide them a
location for meetings. The location is also available to members for special or urgent matters.

Our Response to Your Position:

You have failed to provide any information that shows you qualify under IRC Section 501(c)(10). As explained
previously, you are not operating under the lodge system nor do you engage in fraternal activities within the
meaning of the regulations.

Conclusion
You do not qualify for exemption under IRC Section 501(c)(10) because you are not a fraternal beneficiary

society, or an association operating under the lodge system. You are providing a meeting space for members of
E.

If you agree

If you agree with our proposed adverse determination, you don’t need to do anything. If we don’t hear from
you within 30 days, we’ll issue a final adverse determination letter. That letter will provide information on
your income tax filing requirements.

If you don't agree

You have a right to protest if you don’t agree with our proposed adverse determination. To do so, send us a
protest within 30 days of the date of this letter. You must include:

• Your name, address, employer identification number (EIN), and a daytime phone number

• A statement of the facts, law, and arguments supporting your position

• A statement indicating whether you are requesting an Appeals Office conference

• The signature of an officer, director, trustee, or other official who is authorized to sign for the
organization or your authorized representative

• The following declaration:

For an officer, director, trustee, or other official who is authorized to sign for the organization:
Under penalties of perjury, I declare that I have examined this request, or this modification to the

Letter 4034 (Rev. 11-2018)
Catalog Number 47628K

request, including accompanying documents, and to the best of my knowledge and belief, the request
or the modification contains all relevant facts relating to the request, and such facts are true, correct,
and complete.

Your representative (attorney, certified public accountant, or other individual enrolled to practice before the
IRS) must file a Form 2848, Power of Attorney and Declaration of Representative, with us if they haven’t
already done so. You can find more information about representation in Publication 947, Practice Before the
IRS and Power of Attorney

We'll review your protest statement and decide if you gave us a basis to reconsider our determination. If so,
we’ll continue to process your case considering the information you provided. If you haven’t given us a basis
for reconsideration, we'll send your case to the Appeals Office and notify you. You can find more information
in Publication 892, How to Appeal an IRS Decision on Tax Exempt Status.

If you don’t file a protest within 30 days, you can’t seek a declaratory judgment in court later because the
law requires that you use the IRC administrative process first (IRC Section 7428(b)(2)).

Where to send your protest
Send your protest, Form 2848, if applicable, and any supporting documents to the applicable address:

U.S. mail: Street address for delivery service:
Internal Revenue Service Internal Revenue Service

EO Determinations Quality Assurance EO Determinations Quality Assurance
Mail Stop 6403 550 Main Street, Mail Stop 6403

PO Box 2508 Cincinnati, OH 45202

Cincinnati, OH 45201

You can also fax your protest and supporting documents to the fax number listed at the top of this letter. If you
fax your statement, please contact the person listed at the top of this letter to confirm that they received it.

You can get the forms and publications mentioned in this letter by visiting our website at www.irs.gov/forms-

pubs or by calling 800-TAX-FORM (800-829-3676). If you have questions, you can contact the person listed at
the top of this letter.

Contacting the Taxpayer Advocate Service

The Taxpayer Advocate Service (TAS) is an independent organization within the IRS that can help protect your
taxpayer rights. TAS can offer you help if your tax problem is causing a hardship, or if you’ve tried but haven’t

Letter 4034 (Rev. 11-2018)
Catalog Number 47628K

been able to resolve your problem with the IRS. If you qualify for TAS assistance, which is always free, TAS
will do everything possible to help you. Visit www.taxpayeradvocate.irs.gov or call 877-777-4778.

Sincerely,

Stephen A. Martin
Director, Exempt Organizations
Rulings and Agreements

Letter 4034 (Rev. 11-2018)
Catalog Number 47628K