IRS revokes a recycling charity's exemption after its activities shifted to managing and selling a landfill

Plain-English summary

The IRS revoked the § 501(c)(3) exemption of an organization originally formed to promote recycling and create employment for people with disabilities. The organization later acquired a closed landfill, entered bankruptcy after disputes and penalties involving a state water board, and abandoned its original nonprofit purpose in favor of selling the landfill to a responsible owner. The audit found that its income came primarily from renting a separate commercial parcel and that its expenses centered on landfill management, with some personal use of organizational funds. Its Forms 990 repeated substantially identical descriptions of recycling education for years, sometimes without even changing the date, while the organization supplied no documentation of current recycling or job-training activities. Testimony in the bankruptcy proceeding also indicated that educational meetings had largely stopped and that the organization was focused on fighting the water board and attempting to address the landfill. The IRS concluded that the organization had a substantial nonexempt purpose and no demonstrated ongoing exempt operations, and revoked exemption effective January 1 of a redacted year.

Ruling snapshot

• Question: Did the organization continue to operate exclusively for charitable and educational purposes after its work shifted from recycling education and employment training to landfill management and sale?
• Outcome: Revocation (the IRS found no supported exempt operations and a substantial nonexempt focus on the landfill property).
• Key authorities: IRC §§ 170, 501(a), 501(c)(3), 503, 509(a)(2), and 7428; Treas. Reg. § 1.501(c)(3)-1; Rev. Rul. 58-617; Better Business Bureau v. United States.

Full text (IRS public release)

DEPARTMENT OF THE TREASURY
INTERNAL REVENUE SERVICE
1100 Commerce Street, MC 4920DAL
Dallas, TX 75242

TAX EXEMPT AND
GOVERNMENT ENTITIES
DIVISION

Date: May 8, 2020
Taxpayer ID Number:

Form:

Number: 202052015
Release Date: 12/24/2020 Tax Period(s) Ending:

UIL: 501.03-00
Person to Contact:

Employee Identification
Telephone Number:

Fax Number:

CERTIFIED MAIL — Return Receipt Requested
LAST DAY FOR FILING A PETITION WITH THE TAX COURT:

Dear

This is a final determination that you do not qualify for exemption from federal income tax
under Internal Revenue Code (IRC) Section 501(a) as an organization described in IRC
Section 501(c)(3), effective January 1, 20XX. Your determination letter dated March 20, 19XX
is revoked.

Our adverse determination as to your exempt status was made for the following reasons:

Organizations described in IRC Section 501(c)(3) and exempt from tax under Section
501(a) must be both organized and operated exclusively for exempt purposes. You
have not demonstrated that you are operated exclusively for charitable, educational,
or other exempt purposes within the meaning of Section 501(c)(3). An organization
will not be so regarded if more than an insubstantial part of its activities is not in
furtherance of an exempt purpose. You have not established that you have operated
exclusively for an exempt purpose.

As such, you failed to meet the requirements of IRC Section 501(c)(3) and Treasury
Regulations Section 1.501(c)(3)-1(a), in that you have not established that you were
organized and operated exclusively for exempt purposes and that no part of your earnings
inured to the benefit of private shareholders or individuals.

Organizations that are not exempt under IRC Section 501 generally are required to file federal
income tax returns and pay tax, where applicable. For further instructions, forms, and
information please visit www.irs.gov.

Contributions to your organization are no longer deductible under IRC Section 170.

If you decide to contest this determination, you may file an action for declaratory judgment
under the provisions of IRC Section 7428 in one of the following three venues: 1) United States
Tax Court, 2) the United States Court of Federal Claims, or 3) the United States District Court for
the District of Columbia. A petition or complaint in one of these three courts must be filed within
90 days from the date this determination was mailed to you. Please contact the clerk of the
appropriate court for rules and the appropriate forms for filing petitions for declaratory judgment
by referring to the enclosed Publication 892. You may write to the courts at the following
addresses:

United States Tax Court
400 Second Street, NW
Washington, DC 20217

U. S. Court of Federal Claims
717 Madison Place, NW
Washington, DC 20005

U. S. District Court for the District of Columbia
333 Constitution Ave., N.W.
Washington, DC 20001

Processing of income tax returns and assessments of any taxes due will not be delayed if you
file a petition for declaratory judgment under IRC Section 7428.

We'll notify the appropriate state officials (as permitted by law) of our determination that you
aren't an organization described in IRC Section 501(c)(3).

You may be eligible for help from the Taxpayer Advocate Service (TAS). TAS is an independent
organization within the IRS that can help protect your taxpayer rights. TAS can offer you help if
your tax problem is causing a hardship, or you've tried but haven't been able to resolve your
problem with the IRS. If you qualify for TAS assistance, which is always free, TAS will do
everything possible to help you. Visit www.taxpayeradvocate.irs.gov or call 1-877-777-4778.

Taxpayer Advocate assistance can’t be used as substitute for established IRS procedures,
formal appeals processes, etc. The Taxpayer Advocate is not able to reverse legal or
technically correct tax determination, nor extend the time fixed by law that you have to file a
petition in Court. The Taxpayer Advocate can, however, see that a tax matter that may not have
been resolved through normal channels gets prompt and proper handling.

You can get any of the forms or publications mentioned in this letter by calling 800-TAX-FORM
(800-829-3676) or visiting our website at www.irs.gov/forms-pubs.

Department of the Treasury Date: October 28, 2019
Internal Revenue Service Taxpayer Identification Number:
Tax Exempt and Government Entities
Exempt Organizations Examinations

Form:

Tax Year(s) Ended:

Person to Contact:

Employee ID:
Telephone:
Fax:

Manager's Contact Information:

Employee ID:
Telephone:
Response Due Date:

CERTIFIED MAIL - Return Receipt Requested

Dear

Why you're receiving this letter
We enclosed a copy of our audit report, Form 886-A, Explanation of Items, explaining that we
propose to revoke your tax-exempt status as an organization described in Internal Revenue
Code (IRC) Section 501(c)(3).

If you agree
If you haven't already, please sign the enclosed Form 6018, Consent to Proposed Action, and
return it to the contact person shown at the top of this letter. We'll issue a final adverse letter
determining that you aren't an organization described in IRC Section 501(c)(3) for the periods
above.

After we issue the final adverse determination letter, we’ll announce that your organization is no
longer eligible to receive tax deductible contributions under IRC Section 170.

If you disagree

1. Request a meeting or telephone conference with the manager shown at the top of this
   letter.

2. Send any information you want us to consider.

3. File a protest with the IRS Appeals Office. If you request a meeting with the manager or
   send additional information as stated in 1 and 2, above, you'll still be able to file a protest
   with IRS Appeals Office after the meeting or after we consider the information.

The IRS Appeals Office is independent of the Exempt Organizations division and
resolves most disputes informally. If you file a protest, the auditing agent may ask you to
sign a consent to extend the period of limitations for assessing tax. This is to allow the
IRS Appeals Office enough time to consider your case. For your protest to be valid, it
must contain certain specific information, including a statement of the facts, applicable
law, and arguments in support of your position. For specific information needed for a
valid protest, refer to Publication 892, How to Appeal an IRS Determination on Tax-
Exempt Status.

Fast Track Mediation (FTM) referred to in Publication 3498, The Examination Process,
generally doesn’t apply now that we've issued this letter.

4. Request technical advice from the Office of Associate Chief Counsel (Tax Exempt
   Government Entities) if you feel the issue hasn’t been addressed in published precedent
   or has been treated inconsistently by the IRS.

If you're considering requesting technical advice, contact the person shown at the top of
this letter. If you disagree with the technical advice decision, you will be able to appeal
to the IRS Appeals Office, as explained above. A decision made in a technical advice
memorandum, however, generally is final and binding on Appeals.

If we don't hear from you
If you don't respond to this proposal within 30 calendar days from the date of this letter, we'll
issue a final adverse determination letter.

Contacting the Taxpayer Advocate Office is a taxpayer right

The Taxpayer Advocate Service (TAS) is an independent organization within the IRS that can
help protect your taxpayer rights. TAS can offer you help if your tax problem is causing a
hardship, or you've tried but haven't been able to resolve your problem with the IRS. If you
qualify for TAS assistance, which is always free, TAS will do everything possible to help you.

Visit www.taxpayeradvocate.irs.gov or call 877-777-4778.

For additional information
You can get any of the forms and publications mentioned in this letter by visiting our website at
www.irs.gov/forms-pubs or by calling 800-TAX-FORM (800-829-3676).

If you have questions, you can contact the person shown at the top of this letter.

Sincerely,

For Maria Hooke
Director, Exempt Organizations
Examinations

Enclosures:
Form 886-A
Form 6018

Letter 3618 (Rev. 9-2017)
Catalog Number 34809F

Form 886A Department of the Treasury - Internal Revenue Service Schedule No. or
Explanation of Items Exhibit
Year/Period Ended

Name of Taxpayer

ISSUE:
Whether , ( ) continues to qualify for Tax-exempt status as an organization
described in the Internal Revenue Code (IRC) Section 501(c)(3) because of no exempt operation
or activity since 20XX which includes the years under examination.

FACTS:
was incorporated under the laws of the State of as a non-profit
corporation on December 7, 19XX for the purpose of the following:

a) The operation of recycling centers and collection and sale of recycled materials.
b) The development, study and propagation of water-miser plants and plants that can rid
gardens of harmful insects.
c) It is the specific purpose of the Corporation to create gainful employment for both Physically Mentally
challenged individuals (handicapped).

On March 20, 19XX was recognized to be exempt from federal income tax as an
organization described in IRC Section 501(c)(3). They were granted exemption based on
proposed activities and given a five-year advanced ruling period. At the end of the five-year
advanced ruling period, they were granted foundation status based on their follow-up paperwork
as a public charity per IRC 509(a)(2).

At the time they operated with a purpose of educating the public about recycling and helping
disabled persons gain employable skills by working in the recycling industry by setting up and
collecting cans and bottles and redeeming them for the cash value, running a recycling center.

The organization’s Form 990 for 20XX was filed late in Nov 20XX after getting extension to 11-
15-XX by the Court appointed Bankruptcy Trustee after they filed for Chapter 11 Bankruptcy in
early 20XX. It was prepared by the organization’s CPA with information provided by the
replaced president, but signed and filed by the Bankruptcy Trustee.

The examination of the F990s for 20XX and 20XX was conducted w/ the representative for the
Bankruptcy Trustee who did their best to get the information from who did not provide most
documents requested. He refused to discuss the case with the Internal Revenue Service, (“IRS”),
he talked with the attorney of the Bankruptcy Trustee who produced a “Timeline of events” which
helped to understand how things occurred. This along with Forms 990 for prior years and His
responses to questions under sworn testimony in a “341 Meeting of Creditors” for which I have
obtained a copy of the Transcript from Recorded Proceedings 341 Meeting of Creditors, conducted
by the Office of the United States Trustee along with review of their books and records will assist in
determining their activities.

A. One way of analyzing their activities is to look at what was described in the organization’s
Forms 990 for past years, years under exam and subsequent year.

In Form 990, Part III Statement of Program Accomplishments the organization has the following:
20XX — During 20XX, The organization conducted meeting and open forum discussions about
the importance of recycling and spent time on educational matters about the value of recycling.
The organization also participated in public events where information was discussed. The
dissemination of information and brochures was bilingual, serving both the English and Spanish
speaking.
Among the major events participated in by the organization were the following;
The , St. Patrick’s Day Parade

The Children’s Easter Day in ,
The Earth Day Event in ,
The Cinco de Mayo Event in ,
The Flag Day Event in ,
The Flea Markets in ,
The Labor Day Event in ,
Farmers Markets in County

The organization maintained informational booths at these events in which brochures were
distributed and various talks were given the highlight the benefits of recycling.

In addition, the organization maintains a web site in which users can find out more about the
organization and the benefits of recycling.

20XX- The exact same statement as 20XX only changing the date to 20XX and adding one
additional paragraph

During 20XX, the Organization purchased and distributed energy efficient to
encourage conservation.

20XX- The exact same statement as 20XX only changing the date to 20XX and changing the
last paragraph

During 20XX, the organization purchased and distributed energy efficient to
encourage conservation. The organization worked with Bank’s , branch and
through this association and through other community efforts the organization was able to
distribute more than 0 during the year.

Finally, the organization worked with to sponsor a team and to assist in
purchasing supplies and equipment for the league.

20XX- The exact same as 20XX only changing the date to 20XX and adding one additional
paragraph

In addition, the organization expended resources exploring clean uses of its landfill site,
including the utilization of solar and wind clean energy technology.
20XX- The exact same as 20XX only changing the date to 20XX.

20XX- During 20XX, The organization conducted meetings and open forum discussions about
the importance of recycling and spent time on educational matters about the value of recycling.
The organization also participated in public events where brochures were distributed, and
various talks were given to highlight the benefits of recycling. The dissemination of information
and brochures was bilingual, serving both the English and Spanish speaking. The organization
also maintains a web site in which users can find out more about the organization and the
benefits of recycling.

Finally, the organization expended resources exploring clean uses of its landfill site, including
the utilization of solar and wind clean energy technology.

20XX- The exact same as 20XX only changing the date to 20XX.
20XX- The exact same as 20XX only changing the date to 20XX.
20XX- The exact same as 20XX only changing the date to 20XX.
20XX- The exact same as 20XX only changing the date to 20XX.
20XX- The exact same as 20XX, date not changed still shows 20XX.
(- During 20XX, The organization conducted meetings and open forum discussions...)

20XX-
The organization has abandoned its original non-profit purpose in favor of a new purpose, which
is to sell the Landfill to a financially responsible owner who could “close” the landfill
and thereby, eliminate the financial and environmental burden of the landfill on the State of
and the State Water Board. This action was favorably endorsed by the State Water Board as
evidenced by its suspension of waste discharge requirements while the landfill is under the
Chapter 11 Trustee’s responsibility.

The organization was incorporated on December 7, 19XX as a non-profit public benefit corporation
under 501(c)(3) and 509(a)(2) with the primary purpose of increasing awareness of the importance
of recycling. In 19XX the organization acquired the Landfill, a closed landfill with a
transfer station and recycling center, where the public could for a fee deposit garage sale items for
subsequent re-use or sale. In 20XX, the recycling center and adjacent land was leased to
, which continues to this day. day Following its acquisition of the landfill the
organization repeatedly violated the terms of waste discharge requirements imposed by the Water
Board culminating on June 4, 20XX with the Water Board assessing a civil liability order against the
organization in the amount of $0. On March 28, 20XX under the burden of the Water Board
assessment, the organization filed for Chapter 11 Bankruptcy protection with the hope that it could
reorganize its affairs and continue with its original non-profit purpose. On June 14,20XX,
( ) was appointed to serve as the Chapter 11 Bankruptcy Trustee of the
organization, (the debtor). As the Trustee, abandoned the debtor's original non-profit
purpose in favor of a new purpose which is to find and sell the landfill to a financially responsible
owner who could “Close” the landfill and thereby eliminate the financial and environmental burden
of the landfill on the State of and the Water Board. This action was favorably
endorsement by the State Water Board, as evidenced by its Suspension of waste discharge
requirements while the landfill is under Chapter 11 Trustee’s responsibility. Shortly after his
appointment, contacted numerous engineers, developers, and realtors who were familiar with
the landfill and received closure estimates ranging between $0 million and $0 million, absent the
availability of reliable landfill assessment information the range and magnitude of these estimates
made the sale of the landfill on an “as-is-where-is” basis extremely problematic. In August 20XX,
negotiated a loan-option agreement with a potential buyer of the landfill that provided funds to pay
for an environmental assessment of the landfill contents (landfill report). The landfill report was
completed in February 20XX and on October 20XX, the findings of this and a second supplemental
report were presented to the state Water Board for its review and
comment. At the meeting representatives of the Water Board characterized the landfill as
“well-functioning and described the contaminant levels as being not so problematic”. As the date of
this statement November 1, 20XX, the holder of the loan-option decided not to exercise its option
for reasons unrelated to the landfill contents, and the Trustee has made it be known to
various other parties who had earlier expressed an interest in the landfill that it will be soon
advertised for sale following an auction process under the supervision of the Bankruptcy Court
(A “Section 363 Sale”) more than one party has expressed a definite intent to participate in the sale
process although at this date there can be no assurances that a successful sale of the landfill will
occur nor can there be assurances that a purchaser of landfill will close the landfill to the
satisfaction of the State of and the Water Board. The organization is very optimistic that
these events will happen, and will substantially reduce the financial, environmental and public
nuisance burden of the landfill on the State of , the Water Board and the Public

B. Second way to learn about the organization's activities is through review of the Transcript from
Recorded Proceedings 341 Meeting of Creditors, conducted by the Office of the United States
Trustee.

In this transcript the President of , was asked question by the Bankruptcy Court and
answered or one of his attorneys answered under sworn in testimony. Some of the questions to
help determine activities of the organization are as follows:

The meeting was conducted on May 4, 20XX, , ( ) President of (debtor) was
represented by (debtor Atty) and in attendance were several creditors, several
persons from State Attorney General's Office and Attorneys representing Water Board. It was
Conducted by , ( ) from office of U.S. Trustee. was sworn in as would a
person in a deposition.

asked what business is the organization in? replied: We are a nonprofit group. We
bought a piece of property from a—in a foreclosure—well, pardon me we bought the deed of trust
from the FDIC back in—I wasn’t even there then—back in ’XX. I assume, and we-they put it
through and foreclosed on everybody which included the Water Board for $ , and we have
just operated it--although its nonprofit, nobody—we do not take any funds from anybody. Its
money that we produce on our own business. We never, never take any money from anybody.
We even pay taxes on the property. And anything we get, you know it’s—it’s—if we ever get it will
be taxable. And our—our-- our by-laws and our hopes and mission. I guess you'd call it, is we
were taking property like what we have now at , which is not even a landfill.
Its just a bunch of trash, and they just covered it with a clay covering, didn’t take — they just, like
covering this whole desk with paper, and they say it’s done and well, its not done. But that’s — and
our —our move is — our trek, our mission is to clean up that spot and — so that it is a fusible piece of
property rather than an eyesore. and we’re spending a horrible amount of money attempting to
show that there is nothing going from that pile down into the water. which is about 0 feet
underground. And our whole problem in life right now is the Water Board. That ‘s why we're here
today.

then asked what was formed for? Was it formed for the specific purpose of cleaning up
this specific piece of property that—

said No, but any property.
said to clean up any property?
said Yes Landfill, old landfills and uh what they call them now, I can’t think of the other part of
it,
asked Was there an educational purpose at all? I saw that mentioned in a tax document.
said Oh we—when—when they started originally, they—they hired, as soon as we—as
they have a piece of property and working on it , they hired handicapped to when you would
bring in stuff, we ran this transfer station for a while, and then they changed it into a recycling
center. And so, we had a bunch of kids that were in their wheel chairs running around selling
their stuff and doing that.

said but my understanding is never ran a recycling place. It only owned land and
somebody else was owning a recycling place.

: Well, no we—we ran it for -we, I mean ran it for three years. I don’t -don’t hold me
to that, because I ‘m not sure—ran it for a couple of years and then we leased the property out
to

: Okay then operated a recycling center a transfer—
: No, they—
—Station

: operated a real transfer station, yes, ma’am.

: Oh, back to one we missed. Somebody said do we do any—what we were doing. You
said we used to hold, and we only hold a few of them this year — we used to hold, almost
monthly, we would hold meeting with different groups to go over what they could do to recycle in
either their business or their home or their group to kind of clean up the Earth through the
recycling. We ordered—we had a great big can of —I’m sorry —a great big can, about this high,
shaped like a drink can, for real neat, and we put a plastic pipe in it so it looked like a can and
we put those in a lot of offices. We put them in a lot of service stations, and they’d dump their
stuff, and the kids would come pick it up and be off.

: When—it sounds like you used to hold these almost-monthly meetings. Are these
meetings held anymore?

: They’re held, but not as often, because there’s not a lot we can say to anybody that they
don’t already know. They’re not—we just can’t —its’ so simple to do it that it’s just kind of gone
away.

: What activities, other — what activities regarding cleanup of the landfill has done?

: Oh, the Water Board gives us orders on daily basis to go out and pick up sticks off the
property and clean something else up, and uh, but we have never gone into the landfill itself
because that’s—you don’t get into that. The—don’t know how to explain it. We just—there’s
nothing—there’s nothing for us to do to the landfill that can change it without moving it off the
property. We asked once before if we could do a test. Have you seen a configuration of the
landfill on the property?

: the lot lines and so forth?

: Yeah. Well if we—we went in and asked could we just—if we can’t cut the whole thing
down, get rid of it, because they don’t know what's -this is what I understand then. They don’t
know what's in there. They put it there, but they don’t know what's there and—

: What I’m getting at then is, if you’re not doing very—if isn’t doing very much in the
way of educational seminars and so forth and it isn’t really cleaning up the site, what is it -what
activities is it engaged in which will maintain its nonprofit status?

: We are attempting to clean the site up. Attempting. Definitely.

: Is ‘attempting” having conversations asking for permissions to clean it?

: Oh certainly. Certainly. It’s a work in project to do and whether you put a shovel to it or
go through all the book work first it’s -it's—it’s doing what we consider our job on—what our
mission is on it.

: Well what book work is involved?

: Well, the engineering and that kind of stuff, and what—what—what—they find in the
water if anything. what they find in the gas, if anything, and how that correlates to what is in the
landfill.

: And how often are engineering studies done?

: Well, they were—the last one we did for water was about two months ago. And gas was
done about the same time. And we haven't got a read-back on the water yet, because we’re
trying to compare it to a 20XX, first part of the year, almost a year old, and then we did the other
one in 20XX. We’re trying to compare it to is it the same before, is something happening?

And that’s the same thing we do with the gas. The gas all we have to measure is—is a couple
times, and the gas has never shown a problem ever.

There are more discussions about the problems the organizations have with the Water Board and who
sends the reports to the Water Board in which indicates the engineer sends reports to Water Board.

: Oh Okay, here we go. The organization expended resources exploring clean used of its
landfill site including the utilization of solar and wind clean energy.

: When we could not do—in one of the—one of the places we were going and recycling
brings you into solar and everything else, we made a — we spent a lot of time, the whole group
did, on attempting to, since the landfill couldn't be moved, that we spent a lot of time dealing with
some three or four solar companies who were willing to come out. And all they had to do was
take a — a—put a 0-degree slope on the front of the landfill. And they were going to take his
green surface they have, it’s a rubber thing, come the entire thing, put the little corks up so they
can hook on the solar. And they were going to put a solar panel on the top and all the way
around the rest of the property. And it was a million-dollar deal which was
almost financed by the Federal Government. And our answer was “No. You can’t do that.”

: Oh, your answer from the Water Board, or your answer to the solar company?
: Our answer from the Water Board.

: Okay that didn’t work at that time. Has anything been done since the beginning of 20XX
to further this nonprofit status of the company? Have there been any speeches or further
investigations or engineering work in 20XX?
: No, Ma’am. We have been fighting the Water Board all the time.

The meeting continued going thru the bankruptcy petition and discussed the creditors and included
mention of numerous attorneys who were creditors after representing the organization in various
lawsuits regarding the properties and who had still not been paid.

: Does have any significant income at all in addition to that rent it receives from
? It gets money from , the debtor does
: Yes

: Does it get any other —does it have any other regular source of income?
: No, No, No, ma’am.

The meeting concluded with questions from various creditors clarifying statements that had been given
before, going over financial data, bank statements and canceled checks that had been included with
filings and miscellaneous info not directly related to their activities.

C. A review of the Timeline for prepared by the Attorney for the Bankruptcy Trustee who
talked at length w/ to try to get an idea of what significant events occurred in the history of
the organization revealed the following:

Only the items involving actions taken by or causing to respond, or actions taken by the
members of the board of the organization are listed.

12/7/19XX The organization is incorporated as a non-profit corporation. [ ].

19XX purchase property; waste discharge requirements issued by Water Board in place at
time of purchase.

19XX Water Board issues Cleanup and Abatement Order (CAO) against

Early 20XX begins leasing a portion of the property to to operate a
retail ;

4/20XX Water Board files judicial action to force compliance w/ 19XX CAO.

6/20XX Water Board and enter into stipulated judgment re clean-up/monitoring of covered
landfill.

20XX ceases complying w/ most terms of stipulated judgment.

5/20XX Abstract of judgment recorded by of against for $0

11/20XX enters int $0 million loan with which is due on
Dec 1,20XX; secured by first deed of trust against real property. records first deed of
trust for 0 million loan.

1/20XX enters into modification of $0 million loan w/ , extending due date to
Dec. 1, XX. enters into $0 loan w/ due on 12/1/XX secured by second deed of
trust on the property.

6/20XX Water Board issues new waste discharge requirements.

3/20XX , ( ) created [ ] of

4/20XX Memorandum of Settlement and Lease Termination signed by recorded w/

5/20XX Memorandum of Lease between and recorded.

11/20XX Title Company signs request for split of property into a 0-acre parcel where
landfill located (landfill parcel) and 0-acre parcel where located, ( ) and
where transfer station when property operated as a landfill on behalf of both and
$0 deed of trust.

11/20XX signs request for parcel split on behalf of
$0 million deed of trust; and enter into second loan modification extending due
dates of both notes to 12/1/XX.

12/20XX signs request for parcel split on behalf of
deed of trust.

2/20XX signs request for parcel split on behalf of ; signs
off on request for parcel split.

3/20XX signs off on request for parcel split;
signs off on request for parcel split; Property Split recorded by County.

4/20XX Water Board issues notice of violation for delinquent reports to

1/20XX Water Board issues administrative civil liability complaint against for violations of
waste discharge requirements.

3/20XX Water Board issues second notice of violation to for materially defective monitoring
reports.

5/20XX & each sign deeds of trust against property; for $0 and
for $0; is president and is possible director of ;

6/20XX Civil liability for $0 issued in favor of Water Board and against

7/20XX transfers ownership of to for $0.

8/20XX Water Board issues new CAO

9/20XX Transfer of ownership of from to recorded; 20XX Stip
Judgment between and Water Board recorded. and enter into Memorandum
of Agreement by which transfers portions of the Landfill parcel upon the clean closure of the
parcel Memorandum is recorded. files late petition to Water Board for review of 20XX CAO.

10/20XX & record fifth and sixth deeds of trust against property.

11/20XX Water Board files complaint to set aside transfer of to

12/20XX Judgment in favor of the Water Board for $0 civil liability; Judgment in favor of Water
Board for $0 civil liability.

1/20XX Both Judgment liens in favor of the Water Board recorded; Water Board files complaint
for injunctive relief for failure to comply with waste discharge requirements.

2/20XX deed of trust assigned to ; records notice of default on third deed
of trust.

3/20XX files for Chapter 11 Bankruptcy.

6/20XX appointed as Chapter 11 Trustee; transfers property back to

D. A review of the books and records of the years under examination support the activities of
the organization by looking at the sources of income and the types of expenses.

Income:
An analysis of income for both 20XX and 20XX show that the primary source of income for the
organization is from the rental of the clean parcel of property to the commercial In
20XX, once the Bankruptcy Trustee took over and was let go, there was also some
repayments required from for personal expenses such as payments of telephone and
utilities that he was required to repay and when they changed insurance providers a rebate of
insurance.

INCOME: 20XX 20XX
Rental Income $0.00 $0.00
Transfer from 0-Account of DQP $0.00
Overdraft Settlement $0.00
Transfer from - Account of DQP $0.00
Interest $0.00
Telephone Reimburse- From DQP $0.00
Insurance Co. Reimburse $0.00
Uncleared Checks $0.00
TOTAL $0.00 $0.00

Expenses:

Since the documentation for expenses was not very much for 20XX and mainly comprised of
financial statements filed with the bankruptcy court in 20XX, the bank statements were
summoned. It was not until 20XX bank records were summoned and the Transcripts of the
“341” meeting were reviewed in detail that it was learned that the organization used the bank
account of for the first 0 months of 20XX for its expenses and they
provided a check register for those three months. The bank documents were only summoned
for the bank records of for 20XX April till June when it closed. No records of
account was summoned. Based on these records the following business-related expenses were
found.

EXPENSES: 20XX 20XX
Interest Paid $0.00 $0.00
Real Property Tax $0.00
Insurance $0.00 $0.00
Salaries Paid to $0.00
Other Interest $0.00
UST Quarterly Fees $0.00
Legal Fees $0.00
Operating Expenses $0.00 $0.00
Tax preparation Fees $0.00 $0.00
TOTAL $0.00 $0.00

The operating expenses included items relative to the maintenance of the landfill parcel

The analysis of the bank records also indicated amounts of personal usage of the organization’s
funds by and which they call payback of loans, reimbursements of expenses they paid
for the organization, withdrawals for landfill labor or amounts says were not just for
themselves going to restaurants but to take the to dinner or lunch.

When asked what comprises the rental expenses, I was not given any response for either year.

20XX 20XX
Rental Expense $0.00 $0.00
Functional Expense $0.00 $0.00
TOTAL $0.00 $0.00
Per Exam (0.00) (0.00)
Difference $0.00 $0.00

Some of the difference is attributed to unsubstantiated business expenses, some to personal
expenses and uses of funds by and

LAW:

IRC § 501(c)(3) exempts from federal income tax organizations which are organized and
operated exclusively for religious, charitable, scientific, testing for public safety, literary, or
educational purposes, or to foster national or international amateur sports competition (but only
if no part of its activities involve the provision of athletic facilities or equipment), or for the
prevention of cruelty to children or animals, no part of the net earnings of which inures to the
benefit of any private shareholder or individual, no substantial part of the activities of which is
carrying on propaganda, or otherwise attempting, to influence legislation (except as otherwise
provided in subsection (h)), and which does not participate in, or intervene in (including the
publishing or distributing of statements), any political campaign on behalf of (or in opposition to)
any candidate for public office.

Tax Reg. § 1.501(c)(3)-1(d)(i) states that an organization may be exempt as an organization
described in 501(c)(3) if it is organized and operated exclusively for one or more of the following
purposes: religious, charitable, scientific, testing for public safety, literary, educational, or
prevention of cruelty to children or animals.

Tax Reg. § 1.501(c)(3)-1(a)(1) of the regulations provides that in order to be exempt as an
organization described in section 501(c)(3) of the Code, the organization must be one that is
both organized and operated exclusively for one or more of the purposes specified in that
section.

Tax Reg. § 1.501(c)(3)-1(c)(1) of the regulations provides that an organization will be regarded
as “operated exclusively” for one or more exempt purposes only if it engages primarily in
activities which accomplish one or more of such exempt purposes specified in section 501(c)(3).

A single nonexempt purpose, if substantial in nature, will disqualify an organization from
qualification under section 501(c)(3). Better Business Bureau v. United States, 326 U.S. 279,
283 (1945).

Revenue Ruling 58-617, 1958-2 CB 260, (Jan. 01, 1958) Rulings and determinations letters
granting exemption from federal income tax to an organization described in section 501(a) of the
Internal Revenue Code of 1954, to which contributions are deductible by donors in computing their
taxable income in the manner and to the extent provided by section 170 of the Code, are effective
only so long as there are no material changes in the character of the organization, the purposes for
which it was organized, or its methods of operation. Failure to comply with this requirement may
result in serious consequences to the organization for the reason that the ruling or determination
letter holding the organization exempt may be revoked retroactively to the date of the changes
affecting its exempt status, depending upon the circumstances involved, and subject to the
limitations on retroactivity of revocation found in section 503 of the Code.

TAXPAYER’S POSITION:

The organization has abandoned its original non-profit purpose in favor of a new purpose, which
is to sell the Landfill to a financially responsible owner who could “close” the landfill and thereby,
eliminate the financial and environmental burden of the landfill on the State of and the
State Water Board. This action was favorably endorsed by the State Water Board as evidenced
by its suspension of waste discharge requirements while the landfill is under the Chapter 11
Trustee’s responsibility.

GOVERNMENT'S POSITION AND CONCLUSION:

As demonstrated in Rev. Rul. 58-617, an organization’s exempt status will remain in effect only
so long as there are no material changes in the character of the organization, the purposes for
which it was organized, or its methods of operation. In the case of , a review of the Forms
990 and the review of the documentation as well as the financials indicates that the focus of
activities changed from its exempt purpose to dealing with the management of the landfill
property.

For many years and in 20XX and 20XX the only source of income was from the 0-acre parcel
rented to the commercial nursery, which is not an exempt activity.

In the case of , the organization has not provided any documentation to support it has
conducted any activities in pursuit of its primary purpose of increasing awareness of the
importance of recycling or employment training (for development of job skills) for the physically,
mentally and socially challenged individuals from County and surrounding areas.

All expenses in 20XX and 20XX support operations of management of the 0-acre landfill parcel
with some limited expenses which could also relate to the rental property like fencing, perhaps
maybe property tax but these were not made clear and no documentation were provided by .
But no expenses relate to their exempt purpose and nothing provided indicates they are
conducting any exempt activities. Some expenses were also for personal expenses of the
President and his wife.

As for their statement that they are lessening the burdens of government, in order for this to be
the case, first the burden has to belong to the State of , or the Water Board. The
burden for “closing” the landfill would remain with the owners of the property. During this
Chapter 11 Bankruptcy, the conflict has been between the President of and the Water
Board and the issue of disagreement regarding Water Board’s assessment of fines about
required reporting and monitoring of the landfill. The court appointed Trustee was allowed a
stay of meeting the reporting and monitoring requirements during the time he is charged with the
responsibility as Trustee so he could concentrate on selling the property to a financially
responsible owner who could “close” the landfill. The burden would then go to the new owner
not the State or the Water Board. So that argument isn’t valid.

Based on their lack of documentation provided and from the repeated use of same language
from one year to next on the Forms 990s, not even changing the date on 20XX’s description of
activities, as well as own statement during the 341 Meeting of Creditors to the Questions

• Has anything been done since the beginning of 20XX to further this nonprofit status of the
  company? Have there been any speeches or further investigations or engineering work in
  20XX? : No, Ma’am. We have been fighting the Water Board all the time.

Finally, looking at the “Timeline” which emphasizes the various significant events that listed
actions taken by or which caused to respond, or actions taken by the members of the
board of the organization, it is clear that these took a lot of time and resources of the
management of to address. This supports statement that they have been fighting the
Water Board all the time. And nothing was listed on the Timeline regarding exempt activities.

As such, fails to meet the operational requirements to continue its exemption
status under IRC 501(c)(3). Therefore, the effective revocation date will be 1/1/20XX.