S corporation status continues after stock briefly passed to a partnership

Plain-English summary

An S corporation's sole shareholder transferred all of its stock to a partnership, which is not an eligible S corporation shareholder. The transfer terminated the corporation's S election. After discovering the problem, the partnership immediately distributed the shares to its partners so that all owners were permitted shareholders. The corporation and its shareholders had consistently intended and reported the business as an S corporation and agreed to make any required adjustments. The IRS treated the termination as inadvertent under section 1362(f), so S corporation status continued from the transfer date forward, assuming the election was otherwise valid and had not otherwise terminated.

Ruling snapshot

• Question: Could the corporation retain S corporation status after its stock was inadvertently transferred to an ineligible partnership shareholder?
• Outcome: approved
• Key authorities: IRC §§ 1361(b), 1362(d), and 1362(f)

Full text (IRS public release)

Internal Revenue Service Department of the Treasury
Washington, DC 20224

Number: 201712007 Third Party Communication: None
Release Date: 3/24/2017 Date of Communication: Not Applicable
Index Number: 1362.04-00
Person To Contact:
----------------------------------------- ---------------------------, ID No. -------------------
----------------------- -------------------------------------------------------
--------------------------------------------- Telephone Number:
-------------------------------------------- ----------------------
Refer Reply To:
CC:PSI:B03
PLR-121845-16
Date:
December 15, 2016

     LEGEND

     X               = ----------------------------
     ---------------------------------------------

     State           =    --------------

     Date 1          = -------------------------

     Date 2          = -- -----------------------

     Date 3          =    ----------------------

     Y               = -----------------------
                    --------------------------------

     Trust           =      -------------------------------
     ---------------------------------------

     Partnership = -----------------------------------
     -------------------------------------------------
     ---------------------------------------------

     m              =     ----

     n              =     --
                                        2

PLR-121845-16

Dear ----------------:

  This responds to a letter dated June 7, 2016, and subsequent correspondence,

submitted on behalf of X by its authorized representative requesting a ruling under
§ 1362(f) of the Internal Revenue Code (the Code).

                                    FACTS

  X was organized on Date 1 as a corporation under the laws of State. Effective

Date 1, X elected to be treated as an S corporation. Originally, Y owned all of the
shares of X.

   Partnership was also formed on Date 1. At that time, Y and/or Trust (a grantor

trust wholly owned by Y) owned m% of Partnership’s interests. Two individuals owned
the other n% of Partnership’s interests.

    On Date 2, Y transferred her shares of X to Partnership and subsequently made

gifts of Partnership interests to others.

  In or around Date 3, X learned that the transfer of its shares to Partnership

terminated its S corporation status. In response, Partnership immediately divested all
shares of X, distributing those shares outright to the partners in accordance to their
respective interests in Partnership, so that all of the owners of X are now permitted
shareholders.

    X represents that X and its shareholders intended for X to be an S corporation

effective Date 1 and that X has filed all returns consistent with X’s status as an S
corporation since Date 1. X further represents that during the years at issue all income
of Partnership attributable to X was allocated to the individual partners as though the
individual partners owned the X stock directly. X and its shareholders agree to make
any adjustments required as a condition of obtaining relief under the inadvertent
termination rule as provided in § 1362(f) of the Code.

                             LAW AND ANALYSIS

    Section 1361(a)(1) provides that the term “S corporation” means, with respect to

any taxable year, a small business corporation for which an election under § 1362(a) is
in effect for the year.

  Section 1361(b)(1) defines a “small business corporation” as a domestic

corporation which is not an ineligible corporation which does not (A) have more than
100 shareholders, (B) have as a shareholder a person (other than an estate, and a trust
PLR-121845-16 3

described in § 1361(c)(2), or an organization described in § 1361(c)(6)) who is not an
individual, (C) have a nonresident alien as a shareholder, and (D) have more than one
class of stock.

   Section 1361(c)(2)(A)(i) provides in relevant part that a trust all of which is

treated (under subpart E of part I of subchapter J of Chapter 1 of the Code) as owned
by an individual who is a citizen or resident of the United States qualifies as a
shareholder pursuant to § 1361(b)(1)(B).

   Section 1362(d)(2)(A) provides than an election under § 1362(a) shall be

terminated whenever (at any time on or after the 1st day of the 1st taxable year for
which the corporation is an S corporation) such corporation ceases to be a small
business corporation. Section 1362(d)(2)(B) further provides that the termination shall
be effective on and after the date of cessation.

    Section 1362(f) provides, in relevant part, that if (1) an election under § 1362(a)

by any corporation (A) was not effective for the taxable year for which made
(determined without regard to § 1362(b)(2)) by reason of a failure to meet the
requirements of § 1361(b) or to obtain shareholder consents or (B) was terminated
under § 1362(d)(2) or (3), (2) the Secretary determines that the circumstances resulting
in the ineffectiveness or termination were inadvertent, (3) no later than a reasonable
period of time after discovery of the circumstances resulting in the ineffectiveness or
termination, steps were taken (A) so that the corporation is a small business corporation
or (B) to acquire the shareholder consents, and (4) the corporation and each person
who was a shareholder of the corporation at any time during the period specified
pursuant to § 1362(f), agrees to make such adjustments (consistent with the treatment
of the corporation as an S corporation) as may be required by the Secretary with
respect to such period, then, notwithstanding the circumstances resulting in the
ineffectiveness or termination, the corporation will be treated as an S corporation during
the period specified by the Secretary.

                                 CONCLUSION

   Based on the facts submitted and the representations made, we conclude that

X’s S corporation election terminated on Date 2 when Y transferred shares of X stock to
Partnership. However, we conclude that such termination was inadvertent within the
meaning of § 1362(f). Therefore, X will be treated as continuing to be an S corporation
from Date 2 and thereafter, provided X’s S corporation election was otherwise valid and,
apart from the inadvertent termination ruling described above, has not otherwise
terminated under § 1362(d).

  Except as specifically ruled upon above, we express or imply no opinion

concerning the federal tax consequences of the facts described above under any other
PLR-121845-16 4

provision of the Code. Specifically, we express or imply no opinion regarding X’s
eligibility to be an S corporation.

  The ruling contained in this letter is based upon information and representations

submitted by the taxpayer and is accompanied by a penalty of perjury statement
executed by an appropriate party. While this office has not verified any of the material
submitted in support of this request, it is subject to verification on examination.

  This ruling is directed only to the taxpayer that requested it. Section 6110(k)(3) of

the Code provides that this ruling may not be used or cited as precedent.

    Pursuant to a power of attorney on file with this office, we are sending copies of

this letter to your authorized representative.

                                          Sincerely,




                                          Holly Porter
                                          Chief, Branch 3
                                          Associate Chief Counsel
                                          (Passthroughs and Special Industries)

Enclosures (2)
Copy of this letter
Copy for § 6110 purposes