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Federal agency decisions, searchable in plain English.

Workplace-safety cases from the Occupational Safety and Health Review Commission (OSHRC) and mine-safety cases from the Federal Mine Safety and Health Review Commission (FMSHRC), each with a plain-English summary, the standards it cites, and whether it counts as precedent. More agencies are coming.

5,577 decisions and counting · Latest decision July 17, 2026
66 decisions 29 C.F.R. § 1910.22(a)(1)

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ALJ

United States Postal Service

Ceiling-tile housekeeping citation vacated as outside standard's scope

OSHA inspected a Postal Service facility in Dora, Alabama after an employee complained about mold and mildew from water leaking onto ceiling tiles. The compliance officer observed stained and discolored ceiling tiles and insulation, but the record did not establish that mold or mildew was present…

February 25, 2021 ·John B. Gatto
Citations vacated
COMM

Cooper Tire & Rubber Company

Combustible-dust case settled and dismissed

OSHA cited Cooper Tire over alleged carbon-black dust hazards at its Tupelo tire plant. After withdrawals and a partial settlement, the judge vacated the remaining general duty, hazardous-location, and housekeeping items because the Secretary did not prove the cited combustible-dust conditions…

January 7, 2016
Settled
ALJ

American Recycling & Manufacturing Co., Inc.

Broad safety violations affirmed after amputation inspection

American Recycling & Manufacturing produced wood packaging materials and pallets at a Rochester, New York facility. OSHA opened a safety inspection after a twenty-year-old employee's left hand was amputated when a coworker accidentally activated a pop-up saw, then opened a related health inspection…

October 15, 2015 ·Dennis L. Phillips
Mixed result
ALJ

American Made Tires, Inc.

Default affirms repeat, serious, and failure-to-abate penalties

American Made Tires contested repeat and serious citations from a follow-up OSHA inspection, along with a notification that earlier violations remained unabated. The company then missed settlement and prehearing conferences, refused discovery, failed to answer the complaints or show-cause order…

March 20, 2015 ·Dennis L. Phillips
Procedural
ALJ

Vitakraft Sunseed, Inc.

Housekeeping and warning-sign violations affirmed, general duty item vacated

Vitakraft Sunseed manufactured small-animal products at a facility where its dust collection system deposited agricultural dust into a wagon inside a dust room. OSHA cited accumulated combustible dust, the absence of warning signs, and an alleged general duty clause violation based on fire and…

October 30, 2014 ·Keith E. Bell
Mixed result
ALJ

GEM, Inc.

Electrical PPE and insulated-equipment items affirmed after an arc blast

GEM repaired an electrical power system at a county courthouse after lightning damage, and an arc blast occurred while its crew performed a polarity test on energized equipment. The judge found that replacing the damaged bus section was maintenance rather than construction, so the general industry…

July 29, 2009 ·Nancy J. Spies
Mixed result
ALJ

Lewis County Dairy Corp.

Widespread safety violations result in $72,750 penalty

OSHA found extensive safety deficiencies at Lewis County Dairy's kosher dairy plant, including missing safety programs, inadequate lockout practices, unguarded equipment, electrical hazards, deficient fall protection, and insufficient hazard communication. Of the 33 serious citation items, the…

September 20, 2006 ·G. Marvin Bober
Mixed result
COMM

The Cincinnati Gas & Electric Co.

Coal-dust housekeeping citation vacated as preempted

OSHA cited Cincinnati Gas & Electric under the general housekeeping standard for combustible coal dust accumulated on surfaces in a power plant. The Secretary argued that disturbed dust could become airborne and fuel a secondary explosion. The Commission found that the record did not identify how a…

April 26, 2005
Citations vacated
COMM

Luna Tech, Inc.

Settlement approved with $50,000 in combined penalties

The two cases arose from OSHA inspections of Luna Tech's fireworks-manufacturing plant, including an inspection after explosions and fires injured three employees and one later died. While the cases were under Commission review, the parties settled all remaining issues. The Secretary withdrew…

September 11, 2002
Settled
COMM

EBAA Iron, Inc.

Silica overexposure and control citations vacated

EBAA Iron operated a foundry in Cordele, Georgia, where OSHA sampled the breathing zone of an inner-diameter grinder operator and calculated exposure above the limit for respirable crystalline silica. EBAA showed that the grinding wheel contained 40 percent zirconium oxide and that OSHA's own…

February 7, 1995
Citations vacated
COMM

Hamilton Fixture

Commission upholds expanded inspection and assesses $2,450

Hamilton Fixture manufactured wooden store-display fixtures at a plant in Hamilton, Ohio, with about 350 employees. OSHA began with a union complaint about safety practices and expanded the inspection plant-wide after the compliance officer calculated a lost-workday injury rate about three times…

April 20, 1993
Mixed result
COMM

Trinity Industries, Inc.

Housekeeping item affirmed and eyewash item vacated

Trinity Industries manufactured railcars at its Bessemer, Alabama, plant. Commission review focused on materials and tools left on elevated work walkways and the availability of water for employees exposed to corrosive paint materials. The Commission affirmed the housekeeping item because Trinity…

November 18, 1992
Mixed result
COMM

Loomis Cabinet Company

Cabinet workers held to be employees

Loomis Cabinet Company manufactured wooden cabinets and was cited after a follow-up inspection for repeat, other-than-serious, and failure-to-abate violations. Loomis stipulated to the violations but argued that its former employees had become partners in Eastview Cabinet Company, leaving Loomis…

May 20, 1992
Citations affirmed
COMM

Trinity Industries, Inc.

Electrical penalty cut but four serious violations upheld

Trinity Industries manufactured chemical-processing tanks at its Sharonville, Ohio plant. The Commission upheld serious violations for failing to protect an employee walking on top of a tank from a nine-foot fall, leaving a compressed-gas cylinder without a valve cap, and allowing welding arcs to…

January 23, 1992
Modified
COMM

Miami Industries, Inc.

OSHA approval estopped stricter machine-guarding enforcement

Miami Industries used hinged barrier guards around tube-mill rollers after an OSHA compliance officer approved the design following an earlier citation. OSHA also used Miami's blueprints as a model for other employers and conducted later inspections for almost ten years without citing the guards…

September 13, 1991
Modified
COMM

The Specialist of the South, Inc.

$3,000 penalty affirmed for 39 serious items

The Specialists operated a small furniture repair, refinishing, and upholstery business using flammable and toxic materials. OSHA cited 39 serious violations, primarily involving fire and explosion hazards, and proposed $9,900 in penalties. An ALJ affirmed every serious item but assessed a combined…

November 7, 1990
Citations affirmed
COMM

Frito-Lay, Inc.

One tripping-hazard item remains after citation withdrawal

OSHA cited Frito-Lay over flexible electrical cords used with portable conveyors. The Secretary withdrew Citation 1, which had alleged a willful electrical violation, and the Commission set aside the judge's rulings on that citation. The judge's disposition of Citation 2 became the final order. One…

April 3, 1989
Mixed result
COMM

Harrison Furniture Manufacturing Company

Commission approves withdrawal of all citations

OSHA cited Harrison Furniture Manufacturing Company for numerous conditions at its Arkansas furniture plant after an inspection conducted under a warrant. The earlier litigation addressed whether evidence from a plant-wide inspection should be suppressed when the warrant application was based on…

March 20, 1987
Settled
COMM

Cardinal Operating Company

Tank-entry general duty citation vacated

Cardinal employees faced a fall hazard while climbing through side openings into water-treatment tanks and stepping down onto internal laterals. The company had tried resistant linings, several kinds of ladders, lifelines, platforms, and other measures without solving the entry problem. The…

August 31, 1983
Citations vacated
COMM

Farmers Cooperative Grain and Supply Company

Repeated grain-dust housekeeping violation affirmed

Farmers Cooperative Grain and Supply allowed grain dust to accumulate as deep as 20 inches in areas of its elevator, creating a fire and explosion hazard. Although OSHA originally cited the general duty clause, the Commission allowed amendment to the specific housekeeping standard because the same…

October 29, 1982
Citations affirmed
COMM

O.E.C. Corporation

Three violations affirmed without warrant review

An OSHA inspection conducted under a warrant produced three nonserious citations against O.E.C. Corporation. The judge affirmed the violations and assessed penalties of $100 and $175 for two items, while concluding that the Commission lacked authority to evaluate the warrant. Review was directed on…

April 21, 1980
Procedural
COMM

Westinghouse Broadcasting Co., Inc. d/b/a WBZ TV Group Westinghouse Broadcasting

Locked-door and exit-sign violations affirmed

OSHA cited conditions at Westinghouse's Boston television and radio station, including wet newsroom housekeeping, alcohol storage, locked or obstructed doors, and an unmarked FM-studio exit. The Commission affirmed vacatur of the newsroom item because it duplicated an uncontested wet-floor…

January 29, 1980
Mixed result
COMM

Marinas of the Future, Inc.

Housekeeping item vacated and grinder violation affirmed

Marinas of the Future operated a small boatyard and used a converted barge as a workshop. After a severe storm, an employee performing extensive repairs had wires, tools, and materials spread across the floor, but the Commission found no evidence that the work area contained more material than…

November 14, 1977
Mixed result
COMM

Oil Sales & Processing Corporation

Defective access-ladder items affirmed, lifesaving-equipment items vacated

Oil Sales & Processing performed ship repair and tank cleaning at piers in Bayonne, New Jersey. Employees used a repaired wooden ladder as the only access to a vessel even though it had a broken side rail, inadequate extension above the deck, and insufficient securing against displacement. The…

April 20, 1977
Mixed result
COMM

Idaho Travertine Corporation

Most stone-processing citations affirmed with penalties reduced to $125

Idaho Travertine Corporation processed quarried stone at a small plant in Idaho Falls. OSHA issued one serious radial-saw citation and 13 nonserious items covering noise, personal protective equipment, machinery, compressed gas, emergency flushing, exits, and housekeeping. The judge affirmed the…

April 20, 1977
Mixed result
COMM

Yosemite Park and Curry Co.

Electrical and repeat housekeeping violations affirmed

An inspection of Yosemite Park and Curry's transportation garage produced six contested items involving a roof leak, an extension cord, gasoline cans, housekeeping, tire storage, and a stair-landing obstruction. The judge affirmed the defective extension-cord item because untagged equipment stored…

April 18, 1977
Mixed result
COMM

Central of Georgia Railroad Company

Railroad liable for hazardous conditions on customer tracks

Central of Georgia Railroad sent switching crews onto tracks owned and maintained by Continental Can, where lime, oil, mud, chips, and water created unsafe walking conditions. The Commission rejected the railroad's argument that Federal Railroad Administration authority displaced OSHA jurisdiction…

April 5, 1977
Mixed result
COMM

General Electric Company

Unguarded paint-room pit violated open-pit standard

General Electric used a long, five-foot-deep pit to paint the undersides of railroad cars at its Erie facility. After a car left the room, painters routinely cleaned debris from a floor surrounding the unguarded pit and worked within two to three feet of its edge. The Commission held that…

March 28, 1977
Citations affirmed
COMM

S. E. Smith & Sons

Saw-guard violations affirmed with a reduced penalty

S. E. Smith & Sons contested five nonserious items and five serious machine-guarding items involving table and radial saws. The employer argued that each saw operator should decide whether to use the required safety devices. The judge rejected that position because compliance with the standards…

March 11, 1977
Modified
COMM

John Hoaglin Auto Trim

Low-gravity shop violations affirmed with $75 total penalty

John Hoaglin Auto Trim contested only the penalties for ten admitted nonserious violations. The items included floor debris creating a trip hazard, naphtha stored in an unapproved container, unguarded sewing-machine belts, uncovered electrical outlet boxes, and ungrounded sewing and vending…

January 4, 1977
Citations affirmed
COMM

Alpha Poster Service, Inc.

Most failure-to-abate and liquid-handling items upheld

Alpha Poster Service operated a small silk-screen printing business that OSHA reinspected after an earlier citation became final. The judge affirmed ten failure-to-abate items at $45 each, vacated two others, and affirmed two housekeeping and exit-obstruction violations as nonserious at $115 each…

November 30, 1976
Mixed result
COMM

Wood Products Company

Timely oral contest accepted and case remanded

Wood Products Company orally told OSHA within the 15-working-day deadline that it intended to contest its citation and proposed penalties. The owner had several contacts with the area director, did not initially understand that the notice had to be written, and mailed written confirmation within no…

September 16, 1976
Remanded
COMM

Northeast Marine Terminal Company

Seven terminal citation items vacated

OSHA observed powered-truck riders, poor housekeeping, gasoline leakage, ladder problems, and an unguarded radial saw at a Brooklyn marine terminal shared by two separate companies. The inspector initially assumed one company controlled the entire site and later divided the observed conditions…

August 31, 1976
Citations vacated
COMM

The Gould-Mersereau Co., Inc.

Machine-guarding violations partly affirmed

Gould-Mersereau manufactured drapery hardware at a New York City plant where an inspection produced thirteen nonserious citation items. The judge affirmed machine-guarding violations involving feed rollers, a power-press pedal, and ten riveting machines, but vacated the portions involving a…

July 21, 1976
Mixed result
COMM

P. & M. Sales, Inc.

Mixed citation ruling and $35 penalty affirmed

P. & M. Sales manufactured toys and dolls and was cited for several nonserious conditions involving its spray and electro-forming areas. The Commission held that the employer's timely written contest of the penalties, together with a contemporaneous oral communication contesting the citation, gave…

May 3, 1976
Mixed result
COMM

American Bag Co., Inc.

Failure-to-abate penalties reduced

American Bag was a 17-employee leather bag manufacturer in Puerto Rico. After the company did not contest an initial citation, OSHA reinspected and alleged that multiple violations had not been corrected, that the citation had not been posted, and that an injury log had not been maintained. The…

April 6, 1976
Modified
COMM

Seaboard Coast Line Railroad Co.

Housekeeping and posting items remanded for a hearing

Seaboard Coast Line received five nonserious items for poor housekeeping, failure to post the OSHA notice, and recordkeeping deficiencies. The judge vacated the three recordkeeping items because railroad recordkeeping was exempt, but affirmed the housekeeping and posting items without holding a…

November 26, 1975
Remanded
COMM

Worcester Pressed Steel Company

Duplicate aisle item vacated, higher penalties sustained

Worcester Pressed Steel Company operated a large metal-stamping plant cited for 40 nonserious safety violations. The cited conditions included poor housekeeping and floors, obstructed and unmarked aisles, missing exit signs and eye protection, forklift hazards, inadequate machine guarding, and…

October 28, 1975
Mixed result
COMM

Idaho Travertine Corporation

Mine-safety jurisdiction dismissal reversed and case remanded

Idaho Travertine quarried large stone blocks at remote sites and transported them to an Idaho Falls plant for cutting, honing, polishing, and finishing. OSHA issued one serious citation and 12 nonserious citations with $1,290 in proposed penalties, but the judge vacated them because he placed the…

September 30, 1975
Remanded
COMM

Donovan's Blacktop, Inc.

Settlement affirms citations and reduces penalties

Donovan's Blacktop faced citations from inspections of its garage and two Massachusetts construction sites. The cited conditions included poor housekeeping, improper electrical grounding, an unsupported trench, missing eye protection, and gasoline carried in an unapproved container. The parties…

May 12, 1975
Settled
COMM

Tobacco River Lumber Co.

Mixed ruling on thirty sawmill citation items

Tobacco River operated a Montana sawmill and planing mill that received a thirty-item citation covering housekeeping, stairs, protective equipment, fire safety, tools, gas cylinders, machinery, and electrical conditions. The Commission upheld the inspection because a company employee with authority…

April 23, 1975
Mixed result
COMM

Garrison & Associates, Inc.

Press-brake guarding citation restored

Garrison custom-fabricated sheet metal with two press brakes whose points of operation were unguarded. An employee was observed forming a small piece with his hands close to the operating point, although holding tools were available for small pieces. The judge vacated the guarding item after…

April 22, 1975
Mixed result
COMM

General Electric Company, Inc.

Mixed ruling on extensive turbine-plant citations

OSHA issued General Electric numerous serious, nonserious, repeated, and willful citations after inspecting its Schenectady steam turbine and generator facilities. The Commission affirmed or restored violations involving ladder safety, portable tools, welder fall protection, housekeeping, fire…

April 21, 1975
Mixed result
COMM

Irvington Moore, Division of U.S. Natural Resources, Inc.

Press-brake guarding violation reinstated

Irvington Moore manufactured sawmill machinery and used a press brake, an ironworker, and two saws at its Oregon plant. The Commission held that the general point-of-operation guarding standard applied to the press brake even though the specific mechanical power-press standard excluded press brakes…

April 7, 1975
Mixed result
COMM

Pratt & Whitney Aircraft, A Div. of United Aircraft Corp.

Locked-exit violation affirmed with reduced penalty

Pratt & Whitney assembled and tested rocket and jet engines in a large room that held as many as 150 employees and contained flammable liquids and several possible ignition sources. Six of the room's seven exits were locked for security, and employees were sometimes locked inside for ten to thirty…

March 25, 1975
Mixed result
COMM

Illinois Central Gulf Railroad Co.

Forty-six citation items vacated as untimely

OSHA cited 46 alleged safety, health, recordkeeping, and posting violations at Illinois Central Gulf Railroad's locomotive repair facility in Paducah, Kentucky. The inspection was coordinated with the Federal Railroad Administration, and the proposed citation moved through regional and national…

March 19, 1975
Citations vacated
COMM

Chamberlain Manufacturing Corp.

Nine violations affirmed, penalties set at $1,292.50

Chamberlain operated an Iowa manufacturing plant producing ammunition components, appliance shelving, and aluminum ladders. The judge affirmed nine nonserious items involving damaged hoist ropes and a distorted hook, missing electrical covers, excessive compressed-air pressure, emergency washing…

January 7, 1975
Mixed result
COMM

Penn Central Transportation Company

Untimely railroad citations remained final

OSHA cited Penn Central for unsafe track conditions and multiple shop, office, electrical, housekeeping, and recordkeeping conditions at a Virginia rail yard. Penn Central did not timely contest the original citations, so the Commission held that they became final by operation of law and the…

November 29, 1974
Modified
COMM

Plessey-Burton, Inc.

Housekeeping and emergency-water violations affirmed

Plessey-Burton cleaned, processed, and electroplated electrical components at a Los Angeles facility. The Commission affirmed a housekeeping violation based on acid spills and disorderly chemical-drum storage that created slipping and tripping hazards. It also affirmed a violation for failing to…

October 18, 1974
Mixed result
COMM

Tech-Steel, Inc.

$30 penalty assessed for obstructed aisles

Tech-Steel fabricated structural steel at a Utah facility. The company admitted that scrap metal, extension cords, welding leads, and hoses obstructed work areas, aisles, and passageways used with overhead cranes. The judge affirmed the violations but vacated the proposed $30 penalty. The…

October 17, 1974
Modified
COMM

St. Paul Feed & Supply, Inc.

Penalty-only contest leaves citations final

St. Paul Feed & Supply received one serious and 17 nonserious citation items at its Oregon agricultural-products facility. Its notice of contest identified only the proposed penalties. The Commission held that this limited notice left the citations and their abatement periods as final orders, so…

October 2, 1974
Modified
COMM

Kemmerlin Meats, Inc.

Seventeen plant violations affirmed with $235 penalties

Kemmerlin Meats admitted 17 violations at its South Carolina meatpacking plant involving compressed-gas cylinders, machine guarding, electrical wiring and grounding, housekeeping, ladders, knives, sanitation, and equipment labeling. Penalties were proposed for six items, including raw wires…

August 13, 1974
Citations affirmed
COMM

International Terminal Operating Company

Four stevedoring items affirmed with $135 penalties

International Terminal Operating Company was cited for conditions during stevedoring work aboard several vessels and on a Brooklyn dock. The judge affirmed an oily deck condition without a penalty, a blocked hatch ladder for $40, an unstable temporary surface under a powered vehicle for $40, and…

August 8, 1974
Mixed result
COMM

Muriel Manufacturing Company

Penalties for garment-shop violations affirmed

Muriel Manufacturing Company operated a contract garment-sewing shop where OSHA cited housekeeping, stairway, exit, fire-extinguisher, machine-guarding, electrical, posting, and recordkeeping conditions. The employer admitted 12 nonserious violations, while two abrasive-wheel items were vacated by…

July 26, 1974
Citations affirmed
COMM

St. Mary's Cotton Mill, Division of Leshner Corporation

Nineteen plant violations affirmed

St. Mary's Cotton Mill admitted 19 nonserious conditions involving compressed air, machine guards, fire extinguishers, electrical grounding, exits, floor openings, storage, housekeeping, and other plant equipment. OSHA proposed penalties on ten of the items, totaling $375, and no penalties on the…

June 18, 1974
Citations affirmed
COMM

Biltrite Fixture Co., Inc.

Failure-to-abate penalty set at $750

Biltrite manufactured store fixtures and failed to abate six non-serious electrical, welding, fire-extinguisher, and housekeeping violations by the stated deadline. OSHA proposed $2,465 in additional daily penalties, and the company corrected the remaining conditions the day after reinspection. The…

May 3, 1974
Modified
COMM

Metals Selling Corporation, Inc.

Combustible-liquid cabinet item vacated

Metals Selling Corporation manufactured metallic chemicals and structures, with much of its business involving magnesium grinding. OSHA issued 20 nonserious items covering housekeeping, aisles, stairs, exits, gas cylinders, personal protective equipment, fire protection, machine guarding…

April 1, 1974
Mixed result
COMM

Fineberg Packing Company, Inc.

OSHA sanitation item reinstated despite USDA rules

Fineberg Packing, a meat processor, received a nine-item nonserious citation covering electrical, exit, fire-protection, housekeeping, sanitation, and ladder conditions. The judge vacated the sanitation item because Department of Agriculture rules under the Wholesome Meat Act also regulated plant…

March 22, 1974
Mixed result
COMM

Eckerd's Tri-Roads, Inc.

Four-item citation vacated with prejudice

Eckerd's Tri-Roads, a retail drug store, received a four-item citation covering the OSHA poster, annual injury and illness summary, fire-extinguisher mounting, and housekeeping. The judge affirmed all four items, assessed $50 for the poster item, and vacated a proposed $100 penalty for the…

February 11, 1974
Citations vacated
COMM

Sunpruf Aluminum Products, Inc.

Eight safety items affirmed without penalties

Sunpruf manufactured aluminum storm windows and doors at a Nashville plant with about 30 employees. OSHA cited conditions involving electrical boxes, compressed air, respiratory and welding protection, personal protective equipment, first aid, housekeeping, and aisle marking. The Secretary withdrew…

February 1, 1974
Mixed result

What these documents are

  • Commission decisions: Rulings by the Occupational Safety and Health Review Commission itself, the highest level of agency review. These are citable as Commission precedent, though a decision may have been appealed to a U.S. Court of Appeals after issuance.
  • ALJ decisions: Rulings by OSHRC Administrative Law Judges after a hearing. When no Commissioner directs review, an ALJ decision becomes a final order under 29 U.S.C. § 661(j): it binds the parties in that case but is not binding precedent in other cases.
  • Why finality matters: Every page here says which kind of decision you are reading, so you know whether it is precedent you can cite or a final order that only shows how one judge ruled on one set of facts.
  • Where they come from: Every page links the official OSHRC public release, and the full text on the page is that release. The plain-English summaries are written by Ezel.